Answer Key for Exercises in The Wadsworth Handbook, Concise, Third Edition Chapter 1 Understanding Purpose and Audience Exercise 1 (pg. 13-14)
Pressing keys on keyboards resembling typewriter keyboards generates electronic signals that are input for the computer. 5
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4. Pressing keys on keyboards resembling typewriter keyboards generates electronic signals that are input for the computer. 5. Computers have built-in memory storage, and equipment such as disks or tapes provides external memory. 6. RAM (random-access memory), the erasable and reusable computer memory, holds the computer program, the computations executed by the program, and the results. 7. No error 8. ROM (read-only memory), the permanent memory that is “read” by the computer but cannot be changed, is used to store programs that are needed frequently. 9. A number of video games with sound and color are available for home computers. 10. Although some computer users write their own programs, most buy ready-made software programs such as the ones that allow a computer to be used as a word processor. Chapter 27 Revising Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers Exercise 27.1 (pg. 245) 1. He wore his almost new jeans. [He wore his nearly new jeans.] He almost wore his new jeans. [He decided at the last minute not to wear his new jeans.] 2. He only had three dollars in his pocket. [Besides the three dollars, he had nothing else in his pocket.] Only he had three dollars in his pocket. [He alone had this amount of money in his pocket.] 3. I don’t even like freshwater fish. [I really dislike them.] I don’t like even freshwater fish. [I dislike all kinds of fish.] 4. I go only to the beach on Saturdays. [one place] I go to the beach only on Saturdays. [one day per week] 5. He simply hated living. [He absolutely hated living.] He hated simply living. [He hated merely living.] Exercise 27.2 (pg. 245) 1. The bridge across the river swayed in the wind. 2. The spectators on the shore were involved in the action. 3. Mesmerized by the spectacle, they watched the drama unfold. 4. The spectators were afraid of a disaster. 5. Within the hour, the state police arrived to save the day. 6. They closed off the area with roadblocks. 7. Drivers approaching the bridge were asked to stop. 8. Meanwhile, on the bridge, the scene was chaos. 9. Motorists in their cars were paralyzed with fear. 10. Struggling against the weather, the police managed to rescue everyone. Exercise 27.3 (pg. 246) 1. The lion, watching Jack, paced up and down in its cage, ignoring the crowd. 2. In terror, Jack stared back at the lion. 3. Anxious to see what would happen, the crowd around them grew. 4. Suddenly Jack heard a terrifying growl from deep in the lion’s throat. 5. Scared to death, Jack ran from the zoo, leaving the lion behind. Exercise 27.4 (pg. 246) 1. She realized after the wedding that she had married the wrong man. 2. The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain is a novel about an exchange of identities. 3. The energy that he was saving for the marathon was used up in the ten-kilometer race. 4. He loaded the bottles and cans, which he planned to leave at the recycling center, into his new Porsche. 5. Using a graph, the manager explained the sales figures to the board members. Exercise 27.5 (pg. 247) 1. The people in the audience finally quieted down when they saw the play was about to begin and realized the orchestra had finished tuning up and had begun the overture. 2. Expecting to enjoy the first act very much, they settled into their seats. 3. However, most people were completely baffled, even after watching and listening for twenty minutes and paying close attention to the drama. 4. In fact, because it had nameless characters, no scenery, and a rambling plot that seemed to be heading nowhere, the play puzzled even the drama critics. 5. Finally, speaking directly to the audience, one of the three major characters explained what the play was really about. Exercise 27.6 (pg. 249) 1. Writing for eight hours a day, she publishes a lengthy book every year or so. 2. As an out-of-state student without a car, Joe had difficulty getting to off-campus cultural events. 3. To build a campfire, one needs kindling. 4. With every step we took upward, the trees became sparser. 5. Because I am an amateur tennis player, my backhand is weaker than my forehand. 6. When you exit the train, the station will be on your right. 7. Driving through the Mojave, I found the landscape bleak and oppressive. 8. The air quality will get better if we require auto manufacturers to improve emission control devices. 9. Using a piece of filter paper, the lab technician dried the ball of sodium as much as possible and then placed it in a test tube. 10. Because I missed work for seven days straight, my job was in jeopardy. Chapter 28 Revising Awkward or Confusing Sentences Exercise 28.1 (pg. 251) 1. C 2. Women went to work in the fabric mills of Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1800s; and their efforts at reforming the workplace are seen by many as the beginning of the equal rights movement. 3. Farm girls from New Hampshire, Vermont, and western Massachusetts came to Lowell to make money for their trousseaus and to experience life in the city. 4. The factories promised the girls decent wages and promised their parents that their daughters would live in a safe, wholesome environment. 5. Dormitories were built by the factories to ensure a safe environment for the girls. 6. First, visit the loom rooms at the Boot Mills Factory, and then tour a replica of a dormitory. 7. When one visits the working loom at the factory, one is overcome with a sense of the risks and dangers the girls faced in the mills. 8. For a mill girl, moving to the city meant freedom and an escape from the drudgery of farm life; it also meant she had to face many new social situations for which she wasn’t always prepared. 9. Harriet Robinson wrote Loom and Spindle, the story of her life as a mill girl, and then a book of poems. 10. When you look at the lives of the mill girls, you can see that their work laid part of the foundation for women’s later demands for equal rights. Exercise 28.2 (pg. 252) Answers will vary. Here are some possibilities. 1. Implementing the “motor voter” bill has made it easier for people to register to vote. 2. They won the game because she sank the basket. 3. The characters’ hopes and dreams don’t change just because the situations change. 4. His only chance to avoid a low GPA is to drop the course. 5. Even though she works for a tobacco company, she is not necessarily against prohibiting smoking in restaurants. Exercise 28.3 (pg. 254) Answers will vary. Here are some possibilities. 1. Inflation is a decline in the purchasing power of currency. 2. Hypertension is elevated blood pressure. 3. Television and the Internet caused the decline in students’ reading scores. 4. Some people say that the increasing violence in American cities results from guns’ being too easily available. 5. American cities are congested because too many people live too close together. Exercise 28.4 (pg. 254) 1. Opportunities in technical writing are more promising than those in business writing. (illogical comparison) 2. Technical writing is more challenging than business writing. (incomplete comparison) 3. In some ways, technical writing requires more attention to correctness than do other forms of writing and is, therefore, more difficult. (incomplete comparison) 4. Business writers are as concerned about clarity as technical writers are. (illogical comparison) 5. Technology-based industries may one day create more writing opportunities than those created by any other industry. (illogical comparison) Chapter 29 Using End Punctuation Exercise 29.1 (pg. 258) 1. Julius Caesar was killed in 44 BC. 2. Dr. McLaughlin worked hard to earn his PhD. 3. Carmen was supposed to be at AFL-CIO headquarters by 2 p.m.; however, she didn’t get there until 10 p.m. 4. After she studied the fall lineup proposed by NBC, she decided to work for CBS. 5. Representatives from the UMW began collective bargaining after an unsuccessful meeting with Mr. L. Pritchard, the coal company’s representative. Exercise 29.2 (pg. 260) 1. He wondered whether he should take a nine o’clock class. 2. The instructor asked, “Was the Spanish-American War a victory for America?” 3. Are they really going to China? 4. He took a somewhat less than modest portion of dessert—half a pie. 5. “Is data the plural of datum?” he inquired. Chapter 30 Using Commas Exercise 30.1 (pg. 261) 1. The Pope did not hesitate to visit Cuba, nor did he hesitate to meet with President Fidel Castro. 2. Agents place brand-name products in prominent positions in films so that the products will be seen and recognized by large audiences. 3. Unisex insurance rates may have some drawbacks for women, or these rates may be very beneficial. 4. Cigarette advertising no longer appears on television, but it does appear in print media. 5. Dorothy Day founded the Catholic Worker movement in the 1930s, and her followers still dispense free food, medical care, and legal advice to the needy. Exercise 30.2 (pg. 262) 1. Seals, whales, dogs, lions, and horses are all mammals. 2. C 3. Seals are mammals, but lizards and snakes and iguanas are reptiles, and salamanders are amphibians. 4. Amphibians also include frogs, toads, and newts. 5. Eagles, geese, ostriches, turkeys, chickens, and ducks are classified as birds. Exercise 30.3 (pg. 264) While childhood is shrinking, adolescence is expanding. Whatever the reason, girls are maturing earlier. The average onset of puberty is now two years earlier than it was only forty years ago. What’s more, both boys and girls are staying in the nest longer. At present, it is not unusual for children to stay in their parents’ home until they are twenty or twenty-one, delaying adulthood and extending adolescence. To some who study the culture, this increase in adolescence portends dire consequences. With teenage hormones running amuck for longer, the problems of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases loom large. Young boys’ spending long periods of their lives without responsibilities is also a recipe for disaster. Others see this “you thing” of American culture in a more positive light. Without a doubt, adolescents are creative, lively, and willing to take risks. If we channel their energies carefully, they could contribute, even in their extended adolescence, to American culture and technology. Exercise 30.4 (pg. 266) The Statue of Liberty, which was dedicated in 1886, has undergone extensive renovation. Its supporting structure, whose designer was the French engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, is made of iron. The Statue of Liberty, created over a period of nine years by sculptor Frédéric-Auguste Bartholdi, stands 151 feet tall. The people of France, who were grateful for American help during the French Revolution, raised the money to pay the sculptor who created the statue. The people of the United States, contributing more than $100,000, raised the money for the pedestal on which the statue stands. Exercise 30.5 (pg. 267) 1. Kermit the Frog is a muppet, a cross between a marionette and a puppet. 2. The common cold, a virus, is frequently spread by hand contact, not by mouth. 3. C 4. C 5. The submarine Nautilus was the first to cross under the North Pole, wasn’t it? 6. C 7. Superman was called Kal-El on the planet Krypton; on earth, however, he was known as Clark Kent, not Kal-El. 8. Its sales topping any of his previous singles, “Heartbreak Hotel” was Elvis Presley’s first million-seller. 9. Two companies, Nash and Hudson, joined in 1954 to form American Motors. 10. A firefly is a beetle, not a fly, and a prairie dog is a rodent, not a dog. Exercise 30.6 (pg. 269) 1. India became independent on August 15, 1947. 2. The UAW has more than 1,500,000 dues-paying members. 3. Nikita Khrushchev, former Soviet premier, once said, “We will bury you!” 4. Mount St. Helens, northeast of Portland, Oregon, began erupting on March 27, 1980, and eventually killed at least thirty people. 5. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC, the White House is a popular tourist attraction. 6. In 1956, playing before a crowd of 64,519 fans in Yankee Stadium in New York, New York, Don Larsen pitched the first perfect game in World Series history. 7. Lewis Thomas, MD, was born in Flushing, New York, and attended Harvard Medical School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. 8. In 1967, 2,000,000 people died of smallpox, but in 1977, only about twenty died. 9. “The reports of my death,” Mark Twain remarked, “have been greatly exaggerated.” 10. The French explorer Jean Nicolet landed at Green Bay, Wisconsin, in 1634, and in 1848, Wisconsin became the thirtieth state; it has 10,355 lakes and a population of more than 4,700,000. Exercise 30.7 (pg. 270) 1. According to Bob, Frank’s computer is obsolete. 2. Da Gama explored Florida; Pizarro, Peru. 3. By Monday, evening students must begin preregistration for fall classes. OR
4. Whatever they built, they built with care. 5. When batting, practice carefully. 6. Brunch includes warm muffins, topped with whipped butter, and freshly brewed coffee. 7. Students go to school to learn, not to play sports. 8. Technology has made what once seemed not possible, possible. Exercise 30.8 (pg. 272) 1. A book is like a garden carried in the pocket. 2. Like the iodine content of kelp, air freight is something most Americans have never pondered. 3. Charles Rolls and Frederick Royce manufactured the first Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost in 1907. 4. The hills ahead of him were rounded domes of grey granite, smooth as a bald man’s pate and completely free of vegetation. 5. C Chapter 31 Using Semicolons Exercise 31.1 (pg. 273) During the 1950s movie attendance declined because of the increasing popularity of television. As a result, numerous gimmicks were introduced to draw audiences into theaters. One of the first of these was Cinerama. In this technique three pictures were shot side by side and projected on a curved screen. Next came 3-D, complete with special glasses; Bwana Devil and The Creature from the Black Lagoon were two early 3-D ventures. The Robe was the first picture filmed in Cinemascope; in this technique a shrunken image was projected on a screen twice as wide as it was tall. Smell-O-Vision (or Aroma-rama) was a short-lived gimmick that enabled audiences to smell what they were viewing, but problems developed when it became impossible to get one odor out of the theater in time for the next smell to be introduced. William Castle’s Thirteen Ghosts introduced special glasses for cowardly viewers who wanted to be able to control what they saw; the red part of the glasses was the “ghost viewer,” and the green part was the “ghost remover.” Perhaps the ultimate in movie gimmicks accompanied the film The Tingler. When this film was shown, seats in the theater were wired to generate mild electrical shocks. Unfortunately, the shocks set off a chain reaction that led to hysteria in the theater. During the 1960s, such gimmicks all but disappeared, and viewers were able once again to simply sit back and enjoy a movie. In 1997, Mr. Payback, a short interactive film that contained elements of a video game, brought back the gimmick; it allowed viewers to vote on how they wanted the plot to unfold. Exercise 31.2 (pg. 274) Answers will vary. Here are some possibilities. 1. The Aleutians lie between the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea, where the weather is harsh; for example, dense fog, 100-mile-per-hour winds, and even tidal waves and earthquakes are not uncommon. 2. These islands constitute North America’s largest network of active volcanoes; still, the Aleutians boast some beautiful scenery, and they are relatively unexplored. 3. The Aleutians are home to a wide variety of birds, and numerous animals, such as fur seals and whales, are found there; in fact, these islands may house the largest concentration of marine animals in the world. 4. During World War II, thousands of American soldiers were stationed on Attu Island and on Adak Island; however, the Japanese eventually occupied both islands. 5. The island’s original population of native Aleuts was drastically reduced in the eighteenth century by Russian fur traders; consequently, today the population is only about 8,500, more than half of it US military employees. Exercise 31.3 (pg. 275) 1. The history of modern art seems at times to be a collection of “isms”: Impressionism, a term that applies to a variety of painters who attempted to depict contemporary life in a new objective manner by reproducing an “impression” of what the eye sees; Abstract Expressionism, which applies to artists who stress emotion and the unconscious in their nonrepresentational works; and, more recently, Minimalism, which applies to a group of painters and sculptors whose work reasserts the physical reality of the object. 2. Although the term Internet is widely used to refer only to the World Wide Web and email, the Internet consists of a variety of discrete elements, including newsgroups, which allows users to post and receive messages on an unbelievably broad range of topics; interactive communication forums, such as blogs, discussion forums, and chat rooms; and FTP, which allows users to download material from remote computers. 3. Three of rock and roll’s best-known guitar heroes played with the “British Invasion” group The Yardbirds: Eric Clapton, the group’s first lead guitarist, went on to play with John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers, Cream, and Blind Faith, and still enjoys popularity as a solo act; Jeff Beck, the group’s second guitarist, though not as visible as Clapton, made rock history with the Jeff Beck Group and inventive solo albums; Jimmy Page, the group’s third and final guitarist, transformed the remnants of the original group into the premier heavy metal band, Led Zeppelin. 4. Some of the most commonly confused words in English are aggravate, which means “to worsen,” and irritate, which means “to annoy”; continual, which means “recurring at intervals,” and continuous, which means “an action occurring without interruption”; imply, which means “to hint, suggest,” and infer, which means “to conclude from”; and compliment, which means “to praise,” and complement, which means “to complete or add to.” 5. Tennessee Williams wrote The Glass Menagerie, which is about Laura Wingfield, a disabled young woman, and her family; A Streetcar Named Desire, which starred Marlon Brando; and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, which won a Pulitzer Prize. Exercise 31.4 (pg. 277) Barnstormers were aviators who toured the country after World War I, giving people short airplane rides and exhibitions of stunt flying; in fact, the name barnstormer was derived from the use of barns as airplane hangars. Americans’ interest in airplanes had all but disappeared after the war. The barnstormers helped popularize flying, especially in rural areas. Some were pilots who had flown in the war; others were just young men with a thirst for adventure. They gave people rides in airplanes, sometimes charging a dollar a minute. For most passengers, this was their first ride in an airplane; in fact, sometimes it was their first sight of one. After Lindbergh’s 1927 flight across the Atlantic, Americans suddenly needed no encouragement to embrace aviation. The barnstormers had outlived their usefulness, and an era ended. Chapter 32 Using Apostrophes Exercise 32.1 (pg. 279) 1. Addams’s 2. The popularity of A Room of One’s Own 3. chief petty officer’s 4. restaurants’; years’ 5. Dickens’s; Twain’s Exercise 32.2 (pg. 280) It’s; you’re Who’s They’re; their Who’s its You’re; it’s your; you’re Their C Whose Exercise 32.3 (pg. 281) x’s and o’s R’s maybe’s; defintely’s o’s; k’s; e’s please’s; thank you’s Exercise 32.4 (pg. 282) Schaefers’; ours colleges; outsiders its yours favorites hers revolutions; changes desks; dealers ours yours Chapter 33 Using Quotation Marks Exercise 33.1 (pg. 284) 1. Few people can explain what Descartes’s words “I think, therefore I am” actually mean. 2. Gertrude Stein said, “You are all a lost generation.” 3. Freedom of speech does not guarantee anyone the right to yell “Fire!” in a crowded theater. 4. “There’s no place like home,” Dorothy insisted. 5. “If everyone will sit down,” the teacher announced, “the exam will begin.” Directory: academic -> assets -> sites academic -> Annual InStructional unit plan academic -> Unit: Automotive and Auto Body academic -> The Devil in the Deep Blue Sea academic -> Hurricanes and Global Warming An Alternative Point of View by academic -> Davis case study paper: to nourish or not to nourish our florida beaches? academic -> 1Compiled by John Dunne-Brady academic -> Table of Contents Economic Policy Causes and Consequences of the Subprime Crisis Brendan Dowling 11 academic -> United states history and geography academic -> Annotated Bibliography Grades 1-41 sites -> Voting and Participation Download 209.73 Kb. Share with your friends:
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