Arabic & Fársí transcription list and glossary for Bahá’ís Contents

I.. .

I‘tidal I‘tidál moderation

I’jaz I‘jáz inimitability, wondrous nature (of the Qur’án—i‘jáz al-Qur’án). See ahdá

I’qilhá wa tawakkal I‘qilhá wa tawakkal Tie up (your camel) and trust (in God)—in Tirmidhi’s collection of traditions

I’timad, I’timadat I‘timád, pl. I‘timádát reliance, dependence (on), confidence, trust (in); confirmation; sanction, approbation, authorization; accreditation (of diplomats);—(pl.) credit, loan

I’timadu’d-Dawlih I‘timádu’d-Dawlih

I’timadu’t-Tujjar I‘timádu’t-Tujjár

I’tiraf I‘tiráf recognition, acceptance; acknowledgment, avowal, admission, confession; (Christian) confession

Iahut Iáhút divinity; the inward or eternal aspect of reality.

Ibada, ‘Ibadat ‘Ibáda(t), pl. ‘Ibádát worship, adoration, veneration; devotional service, divine service (Christian);—pl. acts of devotion, religious observances (Islamic Law)

Ibaha, Ibahih Ibáḥa(h), Pers. Ibáḥih divulgence, disclosure (of a secret); permission, authorization; licentiousness. “Permission” or abrogation of Islamic law on return of the Hidden Imám.

Ibda‘ Ibdá‘ creation, fashioning, shaping; a marvellous, unique achievement; uniqueness, singularity, originality; creative ability

Iblis, Abalisa Iblís, pl. Abálisa devil, Satan

Ibn, Abna, Banun Ibn, (colloquial bin), pl. Abná’, Banún son; descendant, scion; offspring, son (of a nation or people)

Ibna, Bint, Banat Ibna (colloquial bint), pl. Banát daughter; bint girl; ibna al-‘amm (female)

Ibnu’l-, Ibn-i- Ibnu’l-, Pers. Ibn-i- elided forms of ibn

Ibnu’l-Alusi Ibnu’l-Álúsí the chief jurisconsult [muftí] of Baghdád—one of the five sons of the famous Shaykh Maḥmúd al-Álúsí. Probably one of the three eldest: ‘Abdu’lláh, Bahá’u’d-Dín; ‘Abdu’l-Baqí‘; and Siyyid Na‘mán, Khayru'd-Dín.

Ibrahim Ibráhím (Abraham) Patriarch of the people of Israel.

Ibrahim-i-Isfahani Ibráhím-i-Iṣfahání

Ibrahim-i-Khalil Ibráhím-i-Khalíl

Ibrahim-i-Khayru’llah Ibráhím-i-Khayru’lláh Syrian doctor, the first Bahá’í teacher in America, and later joined forces with Muḥammad-‘Ali, the half-brother of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá. His English wife, Miriam, remained loyal to ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, and later they were divorced. Refer to Balyuzi: Edward Granville Browne and the Bahá’í Faith, pp. 114–117.

Ibrani Ibrání Hebrew

Ibtihaj Ibtiháj joy, rejoicing, delight (at)

Ibtihaju’l-Mulk Ibtiháju’l-Mulk Ibtiháju’l-Mulk of Gílán

Id (Eid), ‘Ayad ‘Íd, pl. ‘Ayád feast, feast day, festival, holiday

Id al-Fitr ‘Íd al-Fiṭr Feast of Breaking the Ramaḍán Feast, or Lesser Bayrám, celebrated on the 1st of Shawwál

Id al-Adha ‘Íd al-Aḍḥá the Feast of Immolation (see Aḍḥan), or Greater Bayrám, on the 10th of Dhu’l-Ḥijjih

Idal ‘Idál justice. See ‘adl

Idbar Idbár flight, retreat; “turn around”

Idda (‘Iddah, ‘Iddat) ‘Idda number; several, numerous, many. ‘iddat, legally prescribed period of waiting during which a woman may not remarry after being widowed or divorced (Islamic Law)

Idha Idhá 1. (introducing a nominal clause the subject of which may he expressed by ب ("b") with following genitive) and then, and all of a sudden; (with noun in nominative case or with ب) there was … and all of a sudden there was …; 2. (conjunction) when; if, whenever; whether, if (introducing indirect questions)

Idhn Idhn permission, authorization

Idris Idrís Idris (Enoch)

Ifranj al-Ifranj the Franks, the Europeans

Ifranji Ifranjí European

Ifridaws al-Ifrídaws Garden of Innermost Paradise (Gate of the Heart 60)

Ihata Iḥáṭa encirclement, encompassment; comprehension, grasp, understanding, knowledge, cognizance (of something), acquaintance, familiarity (with); information, communication

Ihram Iḥram state of ritual consecration of the Mecca pilgrim; garments of the Mecca pilgrim

Ihsan Iḥsán beneficence, charity, almsgiving, performance of good deeds

Ihsanu’llah Iḥsánu’lláh beneficence of God

Ihtiraq Iḥtiráq burning, combustion; fire, conflagration

Ihtisham Iḥtishám being ashamed; bashfulness; having many dependants, followers, or domestics; pomp, retinue, magnificence, grandeur, state

Ihtisham-i-Dawlih Iḥtishám-i-Dawlih See Taḥashshum

Ihtiyaj, Ihtiyajat Iḥtiyáj, pl. Iḥtiyáját want, need, requirement, (pre)requisite, necessity;—pl. needs, necessities, necessaries

Ihtiyat, Ihtiyatat Iḥtiyáṭ, pl. Iḥtiyáṭát caution, cautiousness, prudence, circumspection, carefulness; provision, care, attention, precaution, prevention; (pl.) precautionary measures, precautions

Ihya’ Iḥyá’ animation, enlivening; revival, revitalization, revivification; arranging, staging, conducting, putting on, holding (of a celebration)

Ijad Íjád creation, procreation, production, origination; procuring, procurement, furnishing, supply; calculation, computation, evaluation

Ijaza, Ijazat Ijáza, pl. Ijázát licence or diploma bestowed by higher-ranking members of the ulama on those deemed knowledgeable in particular aspects of Islamic sciences

Ijl, ‘Ujul, ‘Ijala ‘Ijl, pl. ‘Ujúl, ‘Ijala calf (e.g. the golden calf, al-dhahabí al-‘ijl)

Ijma’ Ijmá‘ agreement, unanimity; unanimous resolution; (Isl. Law) consensus (of the authorities in a legal question; one of the four uṣúl of Islamic Law)

Ijtihad Ijtihád effort, exertion, endeavor, pains, trouble; application, industry, diligence; (Islamic Law) independent judgement in a legal or theological queetion, based on the interpretation and application of the four uṣúl, as opposed to taqlíd; individual judgment. The power of a Shí‘ih divine to issue ex cathedra decrees and judgements.

Ijtima’, Ijyima’at Ijtimá‘, pl. Ijtimá‘át meeting; get-together, gathering, assembly; reunion; rally; convention; conjunction, constellation (astron.); confluence (of rivers); life in a social group, community life, social life

Ijtima’i Ijtimá‘í community, group (used attributively); social; socialist(ic); sociological

Ikhlas Ikhláṣ sincerity or fidelity

Ikhtiyar, Ikhtiyarat Ikhtiyár, pl. Ikhtiyárát choice; election (pl. also politics); selection; preference (to); option; free will (philosophy)

Ikram Ikrám honour, respect, deference, tribute; hospitable reception, hospitality; kindness; honorarium

Iksir Iksír elixir, the philosopher's stone; alchemy

Il, Ilat Íl, pl. Ílat Pers. tribe (especially nomadic)

Ilah, Ilaha, Aliha, Ilahat Iláh, fem. Ilaha, pl. Áliha, fem. Ilahát god, deity, godhead

Ilahi Iláhí divine, of God; theological. Bashír-i-Iláhí

Ilahiyat al-Iláhíyát theological, spiritual concerns

Ilan Ílán a village 60 km ne of Qazvín and another 70 km sw Shíráz

Ildirim Íldirím may be from Turkisk Yildirim (lightning)

Ilhad Ilḥád apostasy; heterodoxy, heresy

Ilham, Ilhamat Ilhám, pl. Ilhámát inspiration; instinct

Il-Khan Íl-Khán Pers. a commander; a title of the Mogul emperors

Ilkhani Ílkhání Pers. Belonging or referring to an Ilkhan; the leader of an army. Also the name of a garden outside Ṭihrán where Ṭáhirih was martyred.

Illa, ‘Illat, ‘Ilal ‘Illa(t), pl. ‘Illát, ‘Ilal illness, sickness, disease, malady; deficiency, defect, weakness; weakness, defectiveness (of a letter or word; grammar); a cause, reason; metrical variation or irregularity (prosody);—(pl. ‘Ilal) cause, reason, occasion; excuse, pretence, pretext, plea. Aristotle claimed that there are four causes (or explanations) needed to explain change in the world: ‘illat al-máddí, material cause, matter of which a thing is made; ‘illat aṣ-ṣúrí, formal cause, i.e. that form in which the essence of a thing consists; ‘illat al-fá‘ilí, notional or efficient cause (as the maker, if the work of man); ‘illat agh g̠ẖá’í, final cause for which it was made.

Illa’llah Illá’lláh but God

Ilm adh-Dhawqi al-‘Ilm adh-Dhawqi intuitive insight (Remembrance of God, p. 5, Scholl)

Ilm al-Ilah ‘Ilm al-Iláh theology

Ilm al-wujudi ‘ilm al-Wujudi existential knowledge

Ilm, ‘Ulum ‘Ilm, pl. ‘Ulúm knowledge, learning, lore; cognizance, acquaintance; information; cognition, intellection, perception, knowledge; (pl.) science

Ilm-al-Yaqin ‘Ilm-al-Yaqín “certain knowledge” or knowledge that is impossible to deny or disprove

Ilmi Ilmí scientific; erudite (book); learned (society)

Ilmiya, ‘Ilmiyyyih ‘Ilmíya(t), Pers. also ‘Ilmíyyih learning, scholarship

Ilmu’t-Tajwid ‘Ilmu’t-Tajwíd al-‘Ilmu’t-Tajwíd or ‘Ilmu’l-Qira’ah—the science of reading the Qur’an correctly.

Iltibas Iltibás confusion, tangle, intricacy, obscurity, ambiguity, dubiousness, doubt. Also veiled or disguised.

Ilyas Ilyás Elijah

Imad, Amad ‘Imád, pl. ‘Amad support, prop, stay (also figuratively); bracket, buttress, post, pole, pillar. Mír ‘Imád famous calligrapher.

Imadi’d-Dawlih ‘Imádi’d-Dawlih “the Mainstay of the State”

Imadu’d-Din Imádu’d-Dín pillar of the Faith

Imam, A’imma Imám, pl. A’imma imam, prayer leader; leader; master; plumb line. The person who leads the congregation in the mosque, in prayer (hence, “prayer leader”). The A’imma are called the “Kindred of God”, “Suns of immaculacy and Moons of majesty” by Bahá’u’lláh (GDM).

Imama Imáma(h) imamah, function or office of the prayer leader; imamate; leading position; precedence

Imamat Imámat Pers. (verbal noun of Umma) imamate, taking the lead in religious matters, performing the functions of an Imam; the priestly office

Imam-Husayn Imám-Ḥusayn the third Imám

Imam-Jum’ih Imám-Jum‘ih Pers. (Imam-Jom’a or Imam Jomai) The leader of the Shí’ah Friday prayers in the mosque of a city or town.

Imam-Zadih Ma’sum Imám-Zádih Ma‘ṣúm also known as the Shrine of ibn Bábuyyih (Babawayh) in the ibn Bábuyyih Cemetery, south of Ṭihrán. Place where the Báb’s body was kept at the instruction of Bahá’u’lláh. Nabil suggests the Shrine of Imám-Zádih-Ḥasan.

Imam-Zadih Imám-Zádih descendant of an Imám or his shrine

Iman Ímán faith, belief

Imara Imára position or rank of an emir; princely bearing or manners; principality, emirate; authority, power

Imara, Imarat ‘Imára, pl. ‘Imárát, ‘Amá’ir building, edifice, structure; real estate, tract, lot

Imarat-i-Khurshid ‘Imárat-i-Khurshíd Structure of the sun or sun room (missing ‘Ayn in texts?)

Imatu’l-Kubra ‘Imatu’l-Kubrá al-‘Imatu’l-Kubrá (“Most Great Name”)

Imda’ Imḍá’ realization, execution, accomplishment, completion; signing, signature

Imkan, Imkanat Imkán, pl. Imkánát power, capacity, capability; faculty, ability; possibility. “inherent contingency”—contrast with Ḥudúth (Gate of the heart, p. 189)

Imkani Imkání possible, potential; contingent

Imra’, Imru’ Imra’ and Imru’ (with definite article al-mar’) a man; person, human being; frequently for son, human being

Imra’a Imra’a woman, wife. See plural Nisá’ and imra’

Imran ‘Imrán (Amran in Bible and Joachim is known as ‘Imrán in the al-Qur’án) name of the father of Moses, Mary and of Abú Tálib

Imru’ al-Qays (Imru’u’l-Qays) Imrú’ al-Qays ibn Ḥujr al-Kindí 6th century Arab poet

Imruz Imrúz today or this day. See yúm

Imtihan, Imtihanat Imtiḥán, pl. Imtiḥánát test, experiment; examination. Tests occur when a Manifestation appears. See also Fitna.

Imtiyaz,Imtiyazat Imtiyáz, pl. Imtiyazát distinction, (mark of) honour; advantage, benefit, merit; difference, distinction, differentiation, discrimination; special right, privilege; concession, patent, permit, license, franchise; (oil) concession; prerogative, priority right

Inab, Inabun, A’nab ‘Inab (coll.; n. ‘Inabun), pl. A‘náb grape(s). Not ‘Anab as in PUP 248. [aneb]

Inayat ‘Ináyat concern, care, attention “Enayat”

Inayatu’llah Khan ‘Ináyatu’lláh Khán Mírzá ‘Ináyatu’lláh Khán (Enayet’o’llah), the son of Mullá Ismá‘íl, the martyr

Inayatu’llah ‘Ináyatu’lláh care of God. ‘Ináyatu’lláh Ishráqí

Infitar Infiṭár being split, cleft, riven

Inja Ínjá Pers. this place; here

Injil, Anajil Injíl, pl. Anájíl (Gk. Evangel) gospel. Injíl occurs twelve times in the Qur’án (as Gospel in English) and refers to the book given to Jesus by God. It is believed to be the true lost original Gospel promulgated by Jesus.

Inkar Inkár denial, disavowal, negation, contestation; refusal, rejection, non-acceptance, e.g. of Imám ‘Alí

Ins Ins (colloquial) man, mankind, human race

Insaf Inṣáf justice, equity

Insan, insana Insán, fem. Insána man, human being. Insán al-‘ain pupil (of the eye)

Insani Insání human; humane; humanitarian, philanthropist

Insan-i-kamil insán-i-kámil perfect human being

Insha’ Inshá’ creation; origination; bringing about; setting up. Establishment, organization, institution; formation; making, manufacture, production; erection; building, construction; founding, foundation; installation; composition, compilation, writing; letter writing; style, art of composition; essay, treatise.

Insha’allah Inshá’alláh “God willing” or “If God wills it”

Inshaqqa ’Inshaqqa (verb, form VII intransitive of Shaqqa) to split up, to crack (Qur’án 54:1)

Inshaqqu’l-Qamar ’Inshaqqu’l-Qamar splitting, cleaving or cracking the moon. A miracle or “an impossible act”. Refer to Qur’án 54:1.

Inshiqaq Inshiqáq separation, segregation, dissociation, spilt; schism (Christian); dissension, discord, disunion

Inshirah Inshiráḥ relaxedness, relaxation, joy, delight, glee, gaiety

Insi Insí human; human being

Iqab ‘Iqáb infliction of punishment, punishment; penalty. Translated by Shoghi Effendi as “retribution” in The Hidden Words #93 (Persian). Mistaken for “eagle” in an early translation. See ‘uqáb

Iqal, ‘Uqal ‘Iqál, pl. ‘Uqul cord used for hobbling the feet of a camel; a headband made of camel’s hair, holding the kúfíya in place

Iqan Íqán being sure, knowing for certain; certitude

Iqbal Iqbál drawing near, advance, approach; coming, arrival, advent; turning, application, attention, response, responsiveness

Iqlim, Aqalim Iqlím, pl. Aqálím climate; area, region; province, district; administrative district.

Iqrar Iqrár establishing, fixing (in a place); promise, agreement, assurance, pledge; consent, acquiescence, acceptance; confirmation, ratification, affirmation, attestation, declaration; settlement, compact, bargain; confession, acknowledgment.

Iqtidar, Iqtidarat Iqtidár, fem. pl. Iqtidárát might, power, strength, potency; ability, capability, faculty, capacity, efficiency, aptitude. Iqtidárát wa chand lawḥ-i-dígár ḥaḍrat-i-Bahá’u’lláh (Magnificences and select other Tablets of His Holiness Bahá’u’lláh)—a compilation of Tablets by Bahá’u’lláh.

Iqtiran Iqtirán connection, conjunction, union, association, affiliation; link, connectedness, simultaneous interaction; conjunction (astron.); new moon (as an astronomical aspect); marriage, wedding

Irada (Iradih), Iradat Iráda(h), (Pers. Irádih), pl. Irádát will, volition; wish; desire;—(pl.) irade (a decree of an Islamic ruler), decree (of a ruler); will power

Iraj Íraj village near Nayríz

Iram, Aram Iram, pl. Árám stone erected in the desert for the direction of travellers. Iram of the Pillars (Iram dhát al-ʿimád), also called “Aram”, “Irum”, “Irem”, “Erum”, or the “City of the tent poles”, is a reference to a lost city, country or area mentioned in Qur’án 89:7, a place in ancient Arabia

Iran Írán Iran, the kingdom of Persia proper, said to be named after Íraj, son of Farídún, to whom this part of his father's dominions was given

Irani, Iranun Írání, pl. Íránún Iranian, Persian;—(pl.) a Persian, an Iranian

Iraq al-‘Iráq Iraq

Iraqi, Iraqun ‘Iráqí, pl. ‘Iráqún Iraqi, Iraqian; (pl.) an Iraqi

Iraq-i-’Ajam ‘Iráq-i-‘Ajam Persian ‘Iráq. ‘Iráq between the 11th to 19th centuries consisted of two neighbouring regions: Arabic Iraq (ʿIráq-i ‘Arab) and Persian Iraq (ʿIráq-i ‘Ajam). Arabic Iraq corresponded with ancient Babylonia (now central-southern Iraq), and Persian Iraq corresponded with the ancient Media (now central-western Iran). The two regions were separated by the Zagros Mountains.

Iraq-i-’Arab ‘Iráq-i-‘Arab Arabic ‘Iráq. See note in previous entry.

Iraq-i-A’zam ‘Iráq-i-A‘ẓam a part of Iran once known as Persian ‘Iráq (the country around Media (the triangle between the ancient cities of Ecbatana (believed near Hamadan), Rhagae (southern Ṭihrán) and Aspadana (Iṣfahán)), in today's central Iran.

Irbil Irbíl (Erbil) capital of ‘Iráqí Kurdistán

Irfan ‘Irfán gnosis, mystic knowledge, true or spiritual understanding

Iriwan (Irivan) Iriwán Yerevan, capital of Armenia

Irshad al-‘Awamm, Irshadu’l-’Avam Irshád al-‘Awámm, Pers. Irshádu’l-‘Avám “Guidance unto the ignorant” by Hájí Muḥammad-Karím Khán

Irshad, Irshadat Irshád, pl. fem. Irshádát guidance; a conducting, showing the way (to); guiding hand; care; spiritual guidance; instruction; direction; directive; information; advising, advice;—pl. directives, directions, instructions, advice

Irtifa’ Irtifá‘ rise (e.g., of prices); elevation; increase; height, altitude (e.g., of a mountain). The Báb uses irtifá‘ to mean abrogation (both removing and elevating) in relation to the abrogation of a former Dispensation and its fulfilment and exaltation by a new Dispensation. “Each Revelation, in simultaneously abrogating and exalting the previous Dispensation, is the return of the previous Revelation in the station of its perfection.” Gate of the heart, p. 277.

Isa ‘Ísá (Pers.) Jesus. See Yasú’

Isfahan nisf-i-jihan Iṣfahán niṣf-i-jihán “Iṣfahán is half the world”

Isfahan Iṣfahán Pers. city 340 km south of Ṭihirán. Transcription as per Shoghi Effendi. Iṣfáhán, Ispáhán and Ṣifáhán transcriptions are also used outside the Faith as the name of the city, carpets, business names and food.

Isfahani Iṣfahání Ḥájí Mírzá Ḥaydar ‘Alí-i-Iṣfahání (b. Iṣfahán, ca. 1830; d. Haifa, 1920). Bahá’u’lláh gave him the titles “The Angel of Carmel” and “Sulṭán-i-Mu‘allimún” (The king of teachers). Author of Bihjatu’ṣ-Ṣudúr (Delight of Hearts)

Isfand Isfand Pers. A species of rue; a province of Nishábúr; twelfth month of Iranian calendar

Isfandabad Isfandábád Esfandabd or Isfand-Abad. Village between Yazd and Shiraz

Isfandiyar Isfandíyár Pers. Esfandiyár, Sepandiár, Sepandiyar, Esfandyar, Isfandiar, Isfandiyar or Esfandiar. Legendary Iranian hero. (“Created holy and pure”) Name of loyal servant of Bahá.

Ishan Íshán “They” a designation by which Bahá’u’lláh was known. Also said to be honorific form of Persian pronoun for the third person singular

Ishaq Isḥáq Isaac; becoming threadbare; shrinking after milking (the teats); drying up

Ishara, Isharat Ishára, pl. Ishárát sign, motion, nod, wink, wave; gesture; signal; indication; allusion, hint, intimation; symbolic expression; (silent) reminder; advice, counsel, suggestion; instruction, order, command

Ishq ‘Ishq love, ardour of love, passion

Ishqabad ‘Ishqábád (Ashkabad or Ashgabat, Turmenistan) “City of Love”

Ishqi ‘Ishqí belonging to love

Ishqiy-i-Qarn-i-Bistum ‘Ishqíy-i-Qarn-i-Bístum “‘Ishqí of the twentieth century” (abjab value 1342 (ah 1342 or ad 1923.). See Arches of the Years, p. 257.

Ishraq Ishráq radiance; radiation, eradiation, emanation; illumination. Ishráq Khávarí ‘Adbu’l-Ḥamíd

Ishraq, Ishraqat Ishráq, pl. Ishráqát Pers. rising (the sun); sunrise, morning; splendour, lustre, beauty. Tablet of Ishráqát (Splendours) (by Bahá’u’lláh) published in Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh, pp. 101-134.

Ishraqi Namaz Ishráqí Namáz Pers. morning prayer

Ishraqi, Ishraqiyan (Ishraqiyun) Ishráqí, pl. Ishráqíyán Pers. of or pertaining to sunrise; eastern, oriental; having the splendour of the East.—(pl.) a sect of philosophers, illuminati, the Illuminists, adherents of Illuminism

Ishraqiya, Ishraqiyyih Ishráqíya, Pers. Ishráqiyyih a Persian mystical order founded by Shaháb ad-Dín Yaḥyá ibn Ḥabash Suhrawardí (c. 1155–1191), a Persian theologian and philosopher. Ideas arose out of perpatetic philosophy.

Ishti’al Ishti‘ál ignition, inflammation, combustion, burning. Name/pen name (aflame or blazing fire) given to Ali-Kuli Khan by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá

Ishtihard Ishtihárd a village between Karaj (west of Ṭihrán) and Qazvín

Iskaf, Iskafi Iskáf and Iskáfí, pl. Asákifa shoemaker

Iskandar Iskandar Pers. Alexander

Iskandariya al-Iskandaríya Alexandria, Egypt

Iskandarun Iskandarún (Turkish İskenderun, Arabic Iskandarúna) originally Alexandria, later Alexandretta, on Turkish coast north of Syria

Islah, Islahat Iṣláḥ, pl. Iṣláḥát restoration, restitution, redressing, reparation; improvement, amelioration, betterment, mending, correction; reconstruction; reconditioning, repair; renovation, refurbishing; adjustment, settling, remedying, removal, elimination; restoration of order, establishment of peace, happiness and order; reformation, reform; reclamation, cultivation (of land); (re)conciliation, settlement, compromise, peace making

Islam Islám submission, resignation, reconciliation (to the will of God in every age); or the total surrender of oneself to God. Titled “Perspicuous Religion” and “Well-established Path”. Redefined by the Báb as “Verily, the essence of religion is none other than submission unto This Remembrance [the Báb].” Root is al-Silm rather than al-Salima or al-Salám.

Islami (Islamic) Islámí Islamic. No accents for the English Islamic! Incorrectly given as Muhammadic or Muhammedic

Ism al-A’zam, Ism-i-A’zam al-Ism al-A‘ẓam, Pers. Ism-i-A‘ẓam The Greatest name (of God)

Ism, Asma Ism, pl. Asmá’, Asámin name; appellation; reputation, standing, prestige

Isma adh-dhatiyya al-‘Iṣma adh-Dhátiyya Essential infallibility

Isma al-sifatiya al-‘Iṣma al-Ṣifátíya Conferred infallibility (bestowed rather than innate). Immunity from error and infallibility of judgement—not freedom from sin, sinlessness or immaculateness.

Isma, ‘Isam ‘Iṣma(t), pl. ‘Iṣam hindering, hindrance, prevention, obviation; preservation, guarding, safeguarding; defence; protection; chastity, purity, modesty, virtuousness; impeccant, sinlessness, infallibility. ‘immunity from sin and error’, (from ‘aṣama, ya‘ṣimu = to protect, to save from)

Isma’il Ismá‘íl (Ishmael in Hebrew), the son of Abraham and the Egyptian Hagar, who was considered to be the forerunner of the desert Arabs. “Ismael”

Isma’ili Ismá‘ílí, pl. Ismá‘íliyyún disciple, follower

Isma’il-i-Kashani Ismá‘íl-i-Kashání

Isma’il-i-Kashi Ismá‘íl-i-Káshí

Isma’iliyya, Isma’iliyyih, Isma’iliyyun Ismá‘íliyya, Pers. Ismá‘íliyyih Isma’ilism—branch of Shi’a Islam. pl. Ismá‘íliyyún. Pers. Ismá‘íliya

Isma’il-i-Zavari’i Ismá‘íl-i-Zavari’í

Ismat-i-Kubra ‘Iṣmat-i-Kubrá Great Infallibility

Ismatu’l-Kubra al-‘Iṣmatu’l-Kubrá the Most Great Infallibility

Ismu’l-Azal Ismu’l-Azal Name of Eternity (Mírzá Yaḥyá)

Ismu’llah Ismu’lláh “Name of God”

Ismu’llahi’l-A’zam Ismu’lláhi’l-A‘ẓam Name of God, Greatest

Ismu’llahi’l-Akhir Ismu’lláhi’l-Ákhir The Last name of God. This was the title given by the Báb to Quddús.

Ismu’llahi’l-Jud Ismu’lláhi’l-Júd “The Name of God, the Bounteous” (name given to Muḥammad Javád-i-Qazvíní by Bahá’u’lláh)

Ismu’llahi’l-Mihdi Ismu’lláhi’l-Mihdí “The Name of God, Mihdí’”

Ismu’llahu’l-Akhar Ismu’lláhu’l-Ákhar “The Last Name of God”

Ismu’llahu’l-Asdaq Ismu’lláhu’l-Aṣdaq “The Name of God, the Most Truthful”

Ismu’llahu’l-Jamal Ismu’lláhu’l-Jamál “The Name of God, Jamál”. Name given to Siyyid-i-Mihdíy-i-Dahají by Bahá’u’lláh.

Ismu’llahu’l-Javad Ismu’lláhu’l-Javád “The Name of God, the All-Bountiful”. Title given to Muḥammad Javád-i-Qazvíní by Bahá’u’lláh.

Ismu’llahu’l-Mihdi Ismu’lláhu’l-Mihdí “The Name of God, Mihdí”. Name given to Siyyid Mihdíy-i-Dahají.

Ismu’llahu’l-Munib Ismu’lláhu’l-Muníb “The Name of God, the Patron”

Isnad, Asanid Isnád, pl. Asáníd ascription (of an Islamic tradition), the (uninterrupted) chain of authorities on which a tradition is based

Ispahan Ispáhán Middle Persian. Arabicized modern form is Iṣfahán

Isr, Asar Iṣr, pl. Áṣár covenant, compact, contract; load, encumbrance, burden; sin;—pl. bonds, ties

Isra’ Isrá‘ acceleration, speed-up; hurry

Isra’ Isrá’ nocturnal journey; al-Isrá’ the “night journey” of Muḥammad “to the seven heavens”

Isra’il Isrá’íl Israel. Banú Isrá’íl—the Israelites; Daulat Isrá’íl the State of Israel.

Israfil Isráfíl “the burning one” (Israfel) seraph. The Angel whose function is to sound the trumpet (ram’s horn) on the Day of Judgement.

Istah-banat Istah-bánát Estaban, village west of Nayríz

Istarabad (Astarabad) Istarábád See Astarábád

Istidlal Istidlál reasoning, argumentation, demonstration; conclusion, inference, deduction; proof, evidence (of)

Istijlal Istijlál majesty

Istikhlaf Istikhláf appoint someone to be successor. In the Qur’anic context, appointing a trustee or vicegerent, or “Law of Succession of Prophets”.

Istiqbal, Istiqbalat Istiqbál, pl. Istiqbálát reception; opposition (astron.); full moon (as an astronomical aspect); the future

Istiqlal Istiqlál independence

Itabaki-A’zam Íṭábakí-A‘ẓam “the greatest tutor”. Probably should be Atábak-i-A‘ẓam

Itabaki-Chupan Íṭábakí-Chúpán probably should be Atábak-i-Chúpán (The Dawn-Breakers, p. 421)

Ithbat Ithbát establishment; assertion; confirmation; affirmation, attestation; demonstration; proof, evidence; registration, entering, listing, recording; documentation, authentication, verification

Ithna-’Ashariyyih Ithná-‘Asharíyyih lit. the Twelvers. Twelver Shí‘i or the branch of Islám Shi’ism that believes in 12 Imams

Itmam Itmám completion; perfection; termination, conclusion; consummation, execution, fulfilment, realization, effectuation, accomplishment

Itmam-i-Ni’mat Itmám-i-Ni‘mat completion of favour

Itmi’nan (Itminan) Iṭmi’nán calm, repose, serenity, peace, peacefulness, tranquillity; reassurance, peace of mind, composure, calmness, equanimity; trust, confidence

Itmi’nan-i-Qalb (Itminan-i-Qalb) Iṭmi’nán-i-Qalb heart attaining tranquillity or composure of the heart

Itra, ‘Itrat ‘Itra(t) little balls formed of musk or other aromatics, and worn as a necklace; a progeny, family, near relations; a bit of pure musk; sweet marjoram;—‘Itrat al-Nabí “Family of the Prophet”

Ittihad Ittiḥád oneness, singleness, unity; concord, accord, unison, harmony, unanimity, agreement; combination; consolidation, amalgamation, merger, fusion; alliance, confederacy; association; federation; union. Symbolically, the identification of man with God

Izadi Ízadí Pers. God; an angel

Izdiwaj (Izdivaj) Izdiwáj Pers. marrying; marriage, wedding

Izhar Iẓhár presentation, exposition, demonstration, exhibition, disclosure, exposure, revelation, announcement, declaration, manifestation, display; developing (photography)

Izmir (Smyrna) Izmír City in western extremity of Anatolia, Turkey. Formerly ancient city of Smyrna

Izra’il ‘Izrá’íl (Israfel) angel of death

Izza ‘Izza might, power, standing, weight; strength, force; honour, glory, high rank, fame, celebrity, renown; pride

Izzat ‘Izzat Pers. being great, powerful, rare, valuable; grandeur, glory, power, might; honour, esteem; rareness

Izzatu’llah Zahra’i ‘Izzatu’lláh Zahrá’í (Ezzat Zahrai)

Izzatu’llah ‘Izzatu’lláh Might or Power of God