Authoring a PhD



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Authoring a PhD How to plan, draft, write and finish a doctoral thesis or dissertation Patrick ... ( PDFDrive )
BOLALAR UCHUN INGLIZ TILI @ASILBEK MUSTAFOQULOV, Ingliz tili grammatikasi
Citation scores.
Every year the ISI Web of Knowledge bibliometric system counts how much articles published in each of the journals it indexes are referenced across all its journals in the social sciences and in the humanities.
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(These systems used to be known as the Social Science Citation Index and the Humanities Citation Index, but have been rebranded.)
The Web of Knowledge’s coverage is heavily biased towards the
United States and towards English-language journals more generally. It is very patchy in some particular fields like law,
where most UK or other overseas journals are not covered.
Despite these limitations, as in other walks of life, partial or inadequate data like these are widely seen as preferable to no data at all. Every serious academic wants to be noticed, and so
faute de mieux, the Web of Knowledge’s scores influence where the academic stars send their papers. They also are key ways in which journals try to measure how well they are doing against their competitors.
Despite all the elaborate arrangements for sifting and improving academic papers most current evidence shows that the median journal article is referred to by nobody in the five years after it is published, and very few articles have a referencing life longer than this. In major bibliometric analyses (like the ISI
indices) the leading journals inmost disciplines are those which manage to achieve an impact score over or reasonably close to This means that on average each of their published papers is referred to at least once in five years by some other paper in one of the journals included in the analysis. Any journal with an average citation score of more than 0.5 is also doing relatively well. Many perfectly reputable journals may have citation scores of below 0.25, meaning that papers there have a less than one-in-four chance of being referenced by anyone else.
Circulation and journal type.
The chances of anyone else noticing your work partly depend upon how many people even get to eyeball the journal where it has appeared. Large-circulation journals are often those which are longest-lived in a particular discipline. Having reached good worldwide library access long ago (around 2000 to 3000 copies or above, they canto some extent rely on inertial ordering and librarians concern for continuity to shield them from current market forces. Often these are omnibus journals with rather abroad mission to 3 AUTHORING AP H D

cover a whole discipline, especially those run by prestigious professional associations.
By contrast, most recent startup journals (in the last thirty years) have been specialist journals with much more focused markets and editorial statements of intent. The actual paying circulation of many new or specialized journals, even those which have been running fora decade, maybe counted in the tensor at best low hundreds. Commercial publishers have kept on starting new specialist journals, even since the late s when the academic market has been shrinking. Some of the circulations for these titles are so low that there is areal risk to the academics who submit papers – initially that very few people will ever get sight of the journal. In the longer term there maybe some degree of risk that a small, newish journal may fold and its materials become even less accessible.

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