B bábi, Tibor
Download 1.12 Mb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- Szeklers. Buda
- Bendeguz; Attila; Aquincum; Huns. Buda, Béla
- Huns; Avars; Aquincum; Buda Castle District; Várpalota; Budapest; Budapest Siege. Buda Castle District
- Buda Castle; Budapest, History of; Budapest Siege; Most of the persons and events have their own entry. Buda Castle, The ancient
- Scythians; Attila, Árpád; István I, King; King Béla I; King Mátyás I; Anonymus; Bonfini, Antonio ; Esztergom.
- Hess, András; Lajos I, King; Kálti, Márk; Kálti, Márk’s Illuminated Chronicle; Dubnic Chonicle. Buda, Codex Workshop
- Mátyás I, King; Corvina; Oláh, Miklós. Buda, Ferenc
- Buda, Medieval Painters from
- Lajos I, King; Zsigmond, King; Buda, reconquest of, in 1686 →Reconquest of Buda in 1686. Buda Synods
- Jews in Hungary. Budai, Ézsaiás
- Csokonai Vitéz, Mihály; Budai, Ferenc; Uri, János. Budai, Ferenc
- Arany, János; Budai, Ézsaiás. Budai, Gergely
- Kocsis, Sándor; Czibor, Zoltán; Golden Team. Budai, Livia
Bucsin – Chief Captain of the Szeklers. Upon the death of Chief Zandirhám (ca. end of 9th century) the Szeklers unanimously elected him to the office. Later he was converted to Christianity under the influence of the gyula, who brought the new faith from Constantinople. However, the sons of Apolt, remaining faithful to the old religion, started a religious battle and defeated him at the valley of Sasmező. He fled abroad and married Victoria, daughter of the King of Thracia. The Bucsin Mountain in Transylvania (Erdély, now in Romania), where the road leads from Gyergyó to Parajd, preserved his name. – B: 1220, 0942, T: 7682.→Szeklers. Buda (in Western literature known as Bleda, - 445) – According to Hungarian legends Buda was one of the Hun leaders, and with Etele (Attila) and Keve (Reuva) he was the son of Bendeguz from the Érd Clan. After the battle of Cesumaur, near Mont Cetii in the Tuln region, where five leaders fell, only Etele and Buda survived. The Huns made Etele their king. Buda ruled the eastern part of the realm from the River Tisza to the Don, while Etele fought on the West. Buda named Sicambria (Aquincum, now Óbuda, part of Budapest) after himself Buda-Fort. Sixth century Gothic historian Jordanes states in his book “Getica” that the victoriously returning Etele killed Buda, because he breached an agreement between them, had his body thrown into the River Danube, and named the fort after himself. However, this has never been proved. History preserved its German name Etzelburg (Attila-Fort), but Hungarians named the place after Buda. Today it is part of Budapest. – B: 0942, T: 7103.→Bendeguz; Attila; Aquincum; Huns. Buda, Béla (Budapest, 2 April 1939 - ) – Physician, psychiater. He attended the Medical Faculty of the University of Budapest. He worked at the Psychotherapy Center and also at the National Neuropathological-Psychiatrical Institute, both in Budapest. He was Editor for the Medical Weekly (Orvosi hetilap) for 25 years; Editor-in-Chief for the Psychiatria Hungarica 1986-1996, the Psychoterapy (Pszichoterápia) from 1992, and the Addict Illnesses (Szenvedélybetegségek,) from 1993. He was Scientific Director of the National Drug-Preventive and Methodological Research Institute (Nemzeti drug–megelőzési és módszertani kutatóintézet) and Vice-President of the Hungarian Psychiatric Society. He is a regular lecturer at international conferences. His fields of research are mental hygiene, psychotherapy and social psychology. His works include The Modern Theory of Sexuality (A szexualitás modern elmélete) (1972); The Rules of Intimate Human Communication (A közvetlen emberi kommunikáció szabályszerűségei) (1974); The Psychology of Empathy (Empátia, a beleélés lélektana) (1993); The Socio-psychology of Personality Development and Education (A személyiségfejlődés és nevelés szociálpsichológiája) (1994), and Mental Hygiene (Mentálhigiéna) (2000). He is one of the best-known psychiatrists in Hungary. He is a recipient of the Soros Prize (2001). – B: 0879, T: 7456, 7103. Buda Castle – The Royal Castle area is one of the most attractive sites of Budapest. It is built on the top of Buda Hill, on the right side of River Danube. Buda and its environs were inhabited from time immemorial. The area is known for its Celtic settlements from the 3rd century BC. In the first decades BC, Transdanubia (Dunántúl) was conquered by the Romans, who incorporated it into the Roman Empire under the name of Pannonia. Aquincum, now Óbuda, was the capital city of Pannonia Province. Following the Romans, it was occupied by the Huns, then by Eastern Goths, Longobards and Avars. The Magyars settled here in 896-900, and established their first settlements on the island of Csepel and in Aquincum. In the 13th century King Béla IV (1235-1270) built a fortified castle on the hill for protection against the Tartar-Mongol attacks. This castle was made into a Gothic-style palace. Aquincum was given the name Óbuda (Old Buda). It was named after Prince Buda, brother of Etele. During the reign of King Mátyás I (Matthias Corvinus, 1458-1490) it became a Renaissance-style royal residence. The castle was enlarged and reshaped, and churches were erected on the site (Mátyás Church, Maria Magdalena Church). After the Turks captured Buda in 1541, the town deteriorated rapidly until its recapture in 1686. The three-month-long siege caused significant damage to both the castle and the town itself. Just some baths, chapels and bastions remained from the Turkish times. Rebuilding started on the medieval ruins. The new Royal Palace was built in the French Baroque style between 1748 and 1777, designed by József Hillebrand. During the second year of the War of Independence in 1849, the retaking Hungarian forces again caused considerable damage, but it was repaired in the next decade. After the 1867 Compromise with Austria, significant development took place in the castle. It reached its peak at the Millenneum year of 1896. Towards the end of World War II, first Allied bombings, then the Soviet Army’s siege from 24 December 1944 to 13 February 1945 ruined most of the buildings, seriously damaged the Castle, being the last stronghold of the German and Hungarian defence force. The reconstruction was slow, completed only in the mid 1980s. The palace was completely rebuilt, its dome heightened, the whole complex modernized. Today it is the country’s most important cultural center. It houses the Budapest Historical Museum, the Hungarian National Gallery, the Ludwig Museum, and the Széchényi National Library. Most of the buildings are designated as historical heritage sites. – B: 0942, 7103, T: 7103.→Huns; Avars; Aquincum; Buda Castle District; Várpalota; Budapest; Budapest Siege. Buda Castle District – This district in Budapest is the ancient kernel of the capital city’s right-bank settlement. The Royal Castle was built at the southern end of the hill, the civic town to the north. The building of the castle began just before the Tartar-Mongol invasion (1241-1242) by King Béla IV (1235-1270). Its golden age was under the Renaissance king Mátyás I (Matthias Corvinus, 1458-1490). The Turks occupied it in 1541 by trickery and remained under their rule until 1686. The three-month long siege heavily damaged it; but from the mid 18th century it slowly recovered. During the War of Independence (1848-1849), it was under Hungarian siege to recapture it from the Austrian forces, which caused considerable damage. After the 1867 Compromise with Austria, the district developed again until the Soviet siege in 1945, when it was almost completely destroyed. It has since been slowly rebuilt. The district has been part of World Heritage since 1987. Its famous sites are the Trinity Square (Szentháromság tér), its architecture is a mixture of Neo-Gothic and Neo-Romanesque, and of the romantic baronial castle styles; the Cathedral, Our Lady Church, a.k.a. Matthias Church (Mátyás templom) gained its present form at the end of the 19th century. It was the site of the coronation of Ferenc József (Franz Joseph I) as king of Hungary in 1867, and of king Károly IV (Charles) in 1916. The Fishermen's Bastion (Halászbástya) was built in the neo-Romanesque style upon the medieval castle walls. It received its name from the Fishermen's suburb. Behind the Fishermen's Bastion stands the equestrian statue of the first Christian king and founder of the Royal Hungarian state, King István I (St Stephen, 1001-1038), by Alajos (Aloysius) Strobl. Famous buildings include the Royal Palace (Királyi vár), now housing the Széchényi Library; the Military History Museum (Hadtörténeti Múzeum), the Sándor (Alexander) Palace (Sándor Palota,) now the office of the state president, as well as the Hilton Hotel, built in the 1970s onto the ruins of the medieval Dominican monastery. The András Hess Square bears the name of the printer, who printed the first book in one of its houses. The Táncsics Street once had a military barrack, where Lajos (Louis) Kossuth, Mihály Táncsics and Count Lajos Batthyány were imprisoned in the mid 19th century. The so-called Vienna Gate (Bécsi kapu) provides access from the north. The district is a major tourist attraction and frequented by the citizens of Budapest. – B: 1213, T: 7103.→Buda Castle; Budapest, History of; Budapest Siege; Most of the persons and events have their own entry. Buda Castle, The ancient (Hungarian: Ősbudavár, Latin: Sicambria) – Sicambria, as mentioned in old historic sources and depicted in woodcuts, is the so-called ancient Castle of Buda, built originally by the Scythians is located in the Pilis Range, above Buda (northwest of Buda) in the area of the Pauline friars. The map of the region shows that the course of the Danube forms a heart-shaped triangle with the Danube Bend and the valley along the southwest foot of the Pilis Range. Once there must have been a small river in this valley, because the old sources talk about a Pilis Island. In the center of the heart-shaped area is one of the highest points of the Range: Dobogókő. The area also includes the town of Esztergom, the birthplace of the first king of Hungary, István I (St. Stephen, 997-1038); Dömös, where once King Béla I (1060-1063) lived; and Visegrád, where king Matthias Corvinus (1458-1490) spent some time. Researchers suspect that in the entrance of the Pilis Range, beside Budakalász, there stood the ancient Buda Castle, the seat of Attila, the king of the Huns. It later became the center of the Hungarian kings of the House of Árpád. And there is also Fehérvár, the great ancient town that existed up to the time of the Ottoman Turkish occupation. Of the many, who searched for the whereabouts of this town, most recently was Imre Lánszki, an agricultural engineer, who was certain, he found Sicambria, the ancient Buda Castle. The traces of Attila’s castle are preserved there, the one-time seat of Attila and Árpád. It was this castle in which, according to the report of Anonymus, Khagan Árpád, on his arrival in the Carpathian Basin, was much taken with its magnificence, and set up residence there. According to Anonymus, Attila was buried next to the ancient castle, at the source of a creek. Reputedly, Árpád’s grave was nearby. The Italian humanist historian Antonio Bonfini (ca. 1425-1502), who served the Hungarian royal court from 1484 to 1502, wrote in the late 15th century that king Matthias Corvinus, on his return journey from Visegrád to Buda, rested a few days in the Ancient Buda Castle. Professor of ecology, Imre (Emeric) Lánszki, considers that the latest available woodcut of the castle must have been prepared in 1685. Much later, on the military maps of Emperor-King Joseph II (1780-1790), there was nothing that would refer to the existence of the ancient castle. It is quite probable that subsequent to the expulsion of the Turks, after 1686, the Habsburg authorities had it pulled down. Once the find is proven as valid, more historic monuments could be unearthed on the site, showing the presence of the Magyars in the Carpathian Basin, the Scythian-Magyar historic continuity, and also the history of Hungary during the Árpád Dynasty era. – B: 1031, 1950, T: 7456.→Scythians; Attila, Árpád; István I, King; King Béla I; King Mátyás I; Anonymus; Bonfini, Antonio; Esztergom. B  uda Chronicle – This is the first book printed in Hungary. Today there are seven known copies of it. It is the Chronica Hungarorum, also referred to under the name of Chronicon Budense. Printing the chronicle began in András (Andrew) Hess’s printing works in Buda in 1472, and was completed on 5 June 1473. Its author presents the history of the Hungarians in Latin, from the times of the Huns to 1472. Its editor made use of the chronicles of Márk Kálti and János (John) Minorite from the Angevin period; also of the biography of King Lajos I (Louis the Great) by János Küküllei. – B: 1150, 1078, 0942, T: 7659.→Hess, András; Lajos I, King; Kálti, Márk; Kálti, Márk’s Illuminated Chronicle; Dubnic Chonicle.
Buda, Codex Workshop – The Renaissance king, Mátyás I (Matthias Corvinus, 1458-1490) not only established and developed the famous Bibliotheca Corviniana (Corvinian Library) with some 5,000 magnificent codices at Buda, the capital of Hungary, but he set up a workshop where the copyists and miniaturists worked, which became famous from 1470 on. According to the testimony of Archbishop Miklós (Nicholas) Oláh, there were “thirty copyists working for the King”. There are three names mentioned in connection with the illumination of Corvinian manuscripts, notably Blandius, Cattaneo, Abbot of Madocsa, and Felix (Petancius) Ragusinus. The King alluded in a letter to Blandius as ‘miniator noster (our miniator). In a speech in 1489 Ransanus praised King Mátyás I for employing carpenters, sculptors, silversmiths, painters, and ‘transcriptores librorum’ (book copyists) from every part of Europe. The archbishop said: “Nearly every Greek and Latin manuscript was the work of these scribes. At their head was the Dalmatian Felix Ragusinus, whom I knew personally as an old man, who knew not only Greek and Latin, but also Chaldean and Arabic. Moreover, being well versed in painting he took very good care that the copying of books should be faultless”. The workshop declined after the sudden death of the king and ceased to exist when the Turks occupied Buda in 1541. There are 194 Corvinas in various libraries around the world,– B: 1215, T: 7103.→Mátyás I, King; Corvina; Oláh, Miklós. Buda, Ferenc (Francis) (Debrecen, 3 November 1936 - ) – Poet, translator. He studied at the University of Debrecen, obtaining a Degree in Hungarian Literature (1958-1968). He was imprisoned because of his poems (1957-1958). Thereafter he was an unskilled laborer at the Chinoin Pharmaceutical Factory (1958-1963). Later he became a teacher in Pusztavács, Kecskemét and Kerekegyháza (1963-1970). He worked at the Archives of Bács-Kiskun County (1970-1986). He was Chief Contributor for the magazine Source (Forrás), and acted as secretary of Bács-Kiskun County’s Writers’ Association. His poems have been published since 1955. His understanding of lyrics is based on his childhood experiences and the world of his village and farm. He is a translator of Finno-Ugric and Inner-Asian folk poetry. His major works include Example of the Grasses (Füvek példája) poems (1963); Wake Up to the Tune of the Golden-Pipe (Ébresszen aranysíp) poems (1970); Magic Song (Varázsének) translation (1973); The Invisible Thief (A láthatatlan tolvaj) - Kazak Folk Tales, translation (1988); Country of Silence (Csöndország) (1991); Uttered Word, Shot Arrow (Kimondott szó, kilőtt nyíl), Turkish proverbs (1998); Beyond the Wall (Túl a falon) (2006), and What is Lacking? (Mi hija van?) (2006). He received a number of awards and prizes, among them the Attila József Prize (1973), the Hungarian Arts Prize (1993), the Book of the Year Award (1992) and the Kölcsey Prize (2000). – B: 0874, 0879, 0878, 1257, T: 7456, 7103. Buda, Medieval Painters from – Several documents contain the names of artists from Buda, who worked under Magister H. (Henricus) with the title “Pictor Domini Nostri Regii”. Two tombs dating from the middle of the 14th century and from 1370 are known to be the graves of painters Ábel and János (Abel and John). Other documents make reference to a master Miklós (Nicholas) Meggyesi, who lived at the Royal Court of King Lajos I (Louis the Great, 1342-1382). At the time of King Zsigmond’ reign (Sigismund of Luxembourg, 1387-1437) painter Bertalan (Bartholomew) was living in his own house in Buda. There is documentation that in 1424 a painter from Buda painted the portrait of Prince Erik of Denmark. – B: 1185, T: 7653.→Lajos I, King; Zsigmond, King; Buda, reconquest of, in 1686→Reconquest of Buda in 1686. Buda Synods – (1) On 14 September 1279, the last day of the Council, Fülöp (Philip), the papal legate announced its decisions. They were to control the actions of the clergy, determine their morality, the clothes they wore, the scope of their authority, and to forbid the clergy’s participation in ordeals. It prohibited the people to dance in churches and cemeteries. By the goodwill of Christians, the Jews living peaceably among them had to wear a red circle on their left breast, while the Ishmaelits and the Saracens had to sew a yellow circle onto their clothing for identification. It also controlled their participation in tax and customs cases. (2) The General Synod of the Reformed Church was held from 10-13 September 1791. The Diet, by Act XXVI of 1790/1791, after decades of persecution, declared the freedom of religion for the Protestant Churches, although still with some restrictions. In this new situation the Synod’s task was to define the church’s form of government and worship. – B: 0942, T: 7668.→Jews in Hungary. Budai, Ézsaiás (Isaiah) (Pér, 1 May 1796 - Debrecen, 14 July 1841) – Bishop of the Reformed Church, historian, classical philologist. He was educated at the Reformed College of Debrecen; later, between 1792-1794, studied in Göttingen, Germany, Oxford, England, and Holland. He became a professor at the Reformed College of Debrecen in 1794. He was much respected for his great knowledge and high intelligence. He fought for the use of the Hungarian language in education that became compulsory in 1797. He wrote a number of books, among them his main work, the Common History (Közönséges história) (1800-1808); History of the Old Knowledgeable World (A régi tudós világ históriája) (1802), and History of Hungary vols. i,ii,iii (Magyarország históriája I,II,III). In it he used all sources available to him; it is regarded to be the first scientific Hungarian history handbook, and Budai as the vanguard of Hungarian classical philology. He was consecrated bishop in 1822. The poet Mihály (Michael) Csokonai Vitéz was among his students. – B: 0883, 1031, T: 7103.→Csokonai Vitéz, Mihály; Budai, Ferenc; Uri, János. Budai, Ferenc (Francis) (Pét, 1760 - Szovát, 1802) – Historian, older brother of Ézsaiás (Isaiah) Budai. He pursued his education at the Reformed College of Debrecen, and was Minister in the Reformed Church at Szovát (Magyarszovát, now Suatu, Romania) until his death. He was an intensely keen student of the scientific and literary life of his time with a great knowledge of the Hungarian language; he was among the first expositors and critics of Emmanuel Kant’s philosophy. Many 19th century writers, including János Arany used his historical encyclopedia as a source for their epic stories. – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7659.→Arany, János; Budai, Ézsaiás. Budai, Gergely (Gregory) (Dunavecse, 3 March 1887 - Budapest 8 January 1974) – Minister of the Reformed Church, theologian, writer. He completed his high school studies at Kunszentmiklós and Csurgó (1897-1905). He studied theology at the Reformed Theological Academy, Budapest (1905-1909). He was an assistant minister and teacher of religion in Szolnok (1909-1911) and Budapest (1911-1918), then Director of Religious Education, Budapest (1918-1935). In the meantime he read Philosophy, Classical Philology, Pedagogy and Linguistics at the Univertsity of Budapest (1917-1924), and obtained a Ph.D.in Education. He was Lecturer, then Professor of New Testament Sciences at the Reformed Theological Academy of Budapest (1935-1954). He edited the Reformed Church Library series. His major works include Why and How do We Study the Bible? (Miért és hogyan tanulmányozzuk a Bibliát?) (1925); Principle of Practical Theology in the New Testament (A gyakorlati theológia alapelve az Újtestamentomban) (1925); Our Religion (A mi vallásunk) (1927); Main Rules of the New Testament’s Hermeneutics (Az újtestamentomi hermeneutika főbb szabályai) (1941), and The New Testament, a Complete Translation from the Greek Original (Az Új Testamentum, Görögből magyarra forditva) (1969). He was appreciated mainly for the education of generations of ministers. – B: 0910, T: 7103. Budai, László (Leslie) (Bednarik, Budai II, nickname: humped) (Budapest, 19 July 1928 - Budapest 2 July 1983) – Soccer-player and coach. Budai started his career on the Huttler team, and moved to Ferencváros TC, later to the Honvéd Army team and the National Team, and played as a midfielder and forward. During the 1950s, he was a member of the legendary Hungarian national team known as the Golden Team. He was a winger with Sándor (Alexander) Kocsis. During his career, Budai won four Hungarian League titles. The first of these came at the Ferencváros TC in 1949. During the Communist regime he was conscripted into the Army Team, the Honvéd, together with Czibor and Kocsis. While at Honvéd, Budai won a further three league titles and the Mitropa Cup. As one of the Golden Team, he helped Hungary become Olympic Champion in 1952 and Central European Champion in 1953. He also played on the Hungary side that defeated England 6-3 at Wembley Stadium in London. During the 1954 FIFA World Cup, he played in the group stage. However, he was dropped for the final. After his retirement, he was coach of the Army’ Football Division. The Stadium of Rákospalota, REAC, was named after him. – 1031, 1105, T: 7103.→Kocsis, Sándor; Czibor, Zoltán; Golden Team. Budai, Livia (Esztergom, 23 June 1950 - ) – Opera singer (mezzo-soprano). Her higher studies were at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music, Budapest, where she was the student of Olga Révhegyi and András (Andrew) Mikó. After she won a prize in Sofia, singing by the hand sign method introduced by Zoltán Kodály, she made her debut in 1973 as Mamma Lucia in P. Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana (Parasztbecsület).1973-77 hatte sie erste Erfolge an der Nationaloper von Budapest (namentlich 1974 als Fricka in der »Walküre«), dazu war sie vor allem auch als Konzert- und Oratoriensängerin tätig. From 1973 to 1977 she was member of the State Opera House, Budapest, and was also a concert and oratorio singer. Soon after sSie kam dann nach Westdeutschland und nahm ein Engagement am Stadttheater von Gelsenkirchen an (1977), wo sie als Eboli in Verdis »Don Carlos«, eine ihrer Glanzrollen hatte.he went to West Germany and joined the City Theater in Gelsenkirchen (1977), where she had success in the role of Eboli in Verdi's Don Carlos. Great successes followed, which include guest appearances in Hamburg and at Covent Garden in London, An der Staatsoper von München, deren Mitglied sie seit 1980 war, erschien sie als Eboli im »Don Carlos« von Verdi, am Deutschen Opernhaus Berlin als Laura in »La Gioconda« von Ponchielli und als Preziosilla in Verdis »La forza del destino«. at the Opera of San Francisco (1979), at the Deutsche Oper Berlin, at the Teatro Liceo in Barcelona (1979), at the State Opera of Munich, whose member she was in 1980; at the Teatro Comunale of Bologna (1983), at the Théâtre de la Monnaie in Brussels (1984), at the Opéra de Wallonie, Liège (1984), at the Opera of Monte Carlo (1987), at the State Opera of Vienna (1987), at Teatro Regio, Torino (1987), and at the Metropolitan Opera, New York (1987). Her roles include Preziosilla in G. Verdi's La forza del destino (The Force of Destiny); Weitere Gastspiele am Teatro Liceo Barcelona (1979), am Théâtre de la Monnaie Brüssel (1984), am Teatro Comunale Bologna (1983 als Brangäne im »Tristan«), an der Oper von Monte Carlo (1987 als Carmen), an den Staatsopern von Hamburg und Wien (1987 als Eboli), am Teatro Regio Turin (1987 als Fricka in der »Walküre«) und an der Oper von San Francisco (1979). Flora in G. Verdi’s La Traviata; Azucena in G. Verdi’s Il Trovatore; Laura in Ponchinelli’s La Gioconda; Fricka in R. Wagner’s Die Walküre; Kundry in R. Wagner’s Parsifal; Dalila in C. Saint-Saëns’ Samson et Dalila; Cassandre in H. Berlioz’s Les Troyens; Clytemnestra in R. Strauss’ Electra; Herodias in R. Strauss’ Salome; title role in G. Bizet’s Carmen, and Gertrude in F. Erkel’s Bánk bán. Memorable is her rendition of Verdi’s Requiem. Her recordings are under the labels of Qualiton, Ariola, Plate, Denon, Helicon and CBS. Livia Budai is one of the renowned vocalists of the world. She lives in Montreal and Budapest. Among her distinctions are the Kodály Prize (1976) and the Pro Culture Hungarica Prize (2010). – B: 1031, T: 7103.→Kodály, Zoltán. Directory: sites -> default -> files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations files -> Nstructions for Acquiring Excess Equipment online, through the 1033 Program files -> Occupational health and safety files -> The Black Panther Party’s Ten Point Program files -> International programs roel profile files -> Fermi Questions a guide for Teachers, Students, and Event Supervisors Lloyd Abrams, Ph. D. DuPont Company, cr&D/ccas experimental Station Wilmington, de 19880 files -> Personal Information Name: Maha Al-Ammari Nationality: Saudi Relationship Status Download 1.12 Mb. Share with your friends:
|