Biochemistry


Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis



Download 1.15 Mb.
Page8/21
Date02.05.2018
Size1.15 Mb.
#47247
1   ...   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   ...   21

Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis

Aztreonam


-Cell wall inhibition

-Resistant to beta lactamases

-IV for gram negative rods

-No cross allergenicity with pens or cephs

Inhibitor of cell wall synthesis

Vancomycin


-Bactericidal drug acts at an early stage in cell wall synthesis.

-Hinders transglycosylation reactions involved in elongation of peptidoglycan chains

-Gram positive cocci

-Enterococci

-C. difficile


-Vanc plus rifampin is active against pnumococcal infections resistant to the penicillins

-Red man syndrome from too quick of an infusion of vancomycin, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity reactions

-Ototoxicity, hypotension, and diffuse hyperemia

Inhibitors of protein synthesis


-Reminder: 30 and 50s subunit of ribosomes

-Step 1 is the translocation of the tRNA

-A site moves over to P site

-New tRNA comes over to a site

-Peptide bond transferred

-In other words, you’ve got the formation of the initiation complex, incorporation of amino acid, formation of the peptide bond, and translocation.

-Antibacterial drugs can disrupt processes ant any place along this chain

Inhibitors of protein synth

-CHPC

-Bacteriostatic, wide sprectrm of activity

-Inhibits peptidyltransferase

-S. typhii

-B. fragilis

-Rickettsia

-Gray baby syndrome

Inhibitors of protein synth

-Quinipristin

-Dalfopristin

-Inhibits binding sites on 50S ribosome

-Prevent interaction of tRNA with acceptor site

-VRE

-VRSA

-Unknown

Inhibition of protein synth

-Linezolid

-Blocks protein synth

-Inhibits nformylmethionyltrnarobosomemRNA ternary complex

-VRSA

-VRE

-Headache, GI distress

Inhibitors of folic acid synth

-Sulfonamides

-Competes with PABA causing inhibition of dihydropteroate sunthase and formation of non functional folic acid


-Wide spectrum

-Nocardia DOC

-burns

-Toxoplasmosis

-Hypersensitivity (SJ syndrome

-GI distress

-Hemolysis with G6PDH

-Avoid in third trimester


Inhibitors of folic acid synth

-TMP

(Co trimoxazole)
(TMP/SMX)


(Trimethoprim sulfa)

-Inhibitor of DHFR

-Synergy with sulfonamides due to synergistic / sequential blockade of folate synthesis

-complicated UTI

-DOC for PCP pneumonia

-H flu

-M. catarrhalis

-L. monocytogenes (backup)

-Proteus mirabilis

-S. typhi

-MRSA
-Vibrio


-Crystalluria

-Drug interactions

-Anemia

-Leukopenia

-Thrombocytopenia

Inhibitors of folic acid synth

-Pyrimethamine

-Inhibits DHFR

-Toxoplasmosis

-ANYTHING that disrupts the synthesis of folic acid can cause problems with anemia / DNA


Inhibitors of DNA synthesis

-Fluoroquinolones

-Ciprofloxacin

-Norfloxacin (limited)


-Bactericidal analogues of nalidixic acid that interfere with bacterial DNA synthesis.

-Inhibit topioisomerase II (DNA gyrase) thus blocking the relaxation of supercoild DNA required for replication

-Blocks topioisomerase IV responsible for separation of replicated DNA during cell division

-Wide spectrum

-Gram positive

cocci

-E. coli

-P. aeruginosa

-S. typhi

-Shigella

-Serratia

-C. jejuni

-Some mycobacteria

-alternative tx for gonorrhoea

-Norfloxacin great for UTI

-Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin alternative for n. gonorrhoea

-Eliminated by kidney

-GI distress

-Increased QTR interval with sparfloxacin and hepatoxoicity with trovafloxacin

-Watch out for antacids can inhibit absorption

-May cause tendonitis and tendon rupture / cartilage problems. Contraindicated in children

Download 1.15 Mb.

Share with your friends:
1   ...   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   ...   21




The database is protected by copyright ©ininet.org 2024
send message

    Main page