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McNeil-RoSt-Neg-California-Invitational-Berkeley-Debate-Round-4

T: Borders ≠ Territories

A. Interp

Territories are not borders.

Violation They defend territories lmfao?????.




T-Migration - Permanent

Interpretation: human migration is permanent.


Britannica n.d. [(Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica) “Human Migration”] JL
human migration, the permanent change of residence by an individual or group; it excludes such movements as nomadism, migrant labour, commuting, and tourism, all of which are transitory in nature.


Violation: the aff justifies ob for antarctica.


Postell 4/5 [(Marissa, Managing Editor of Lifeway Christian Resources, MA in Public Relations from Union University) “What is abortion tourism?” Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, 4/5/2022] JL
We’re familiar with the terms “abortion” and “tourism,” but what do you get when you put these two words together? Abortion tourism is travel for the purpose of obtaining an abortion where it’s legal, and it’s not a new phenomenon. Yet, it has continued to evolve as the abortion landscape has changed in the United States. In 1970, prior to Roe v. Wade, New York repealed all laws criminalizing abortion, giving birth to abortion tourism in the United States. Just two years later, and a year before the Roe decision, over 100,000 women traveled to New York City for abortions, half of whom traveled more than 500 miles to come to a city where they could legally abort their children.


Tourism is short-term and distinct from migration.


Möhring 14 [(Maren, Professor of History at Universitat Leipzig, research interests include the history of migration, body and gender history, the history of modern mass culture and the role of food and health in modern societies, Ph.D. in History from the University of Munich) “Tourism and Migration: Interrelated Forms of Mobility,” Comparativ, 2014] JL
Tourism and migration are usually defined as different, if not diametrically opposed forms of mobility. Modern tourism as a voluntary, short-term movement to another place, without a purpose (beyond recreation) and with a more or less fixed date of return, is contrasted to migration as a (sometimes forced or inevitable) form of leaving one’s place of settlement without going back for an extended period or even without ever returning. These distinctions are important and help us to differentiate between various forms of mobility ubiquitous since at least the late nineteenth century and that characterize today’s globalized world. Nevertheless, if we take a closer look at tourism practices and the broad spectrum of migration experiences, we will find quite a lot of similarities between tourism and migration. Both forms of mobility overlap in many and sometimes surprising ways so that it is not easy to draw a clear line between the two phenomena. In the following, I will discuss some dimensions of the nexus between tourism and migration, taking my starting-point from two case studies presented in this volume, i.e. Marcel Berlinghoff’s thoughts about the (changing) role of tourism within the European ‘guest worker’ system and Nikolaos Papadogiannis’ essay about the travel patterns of young Greek migrants residing in West Germany. Proceeding from different angles, both authors deal with labour migration in postwar Europe and convincingly demonstrate that tourism and migration were (and are) intimately linked in various ways and cannot be conceptualized in strict opposition to each other.

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