Cape Lookout National Seashore Historic Resource Study By
Appendix D: Historic Resources and Their Contexts: A Quick Reference Guide
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- Appendix E: National Register Nominations
Appendix D: Historic Resources and Their Contexts: A Quick Reference GuideThis appendix is contained in the attached spreadsheet with the filename: AppendixDHistResQuickRefGuide.xlsx It includes three worksheets: Part I: Historic Resources, the National Register, and Other Relevant Studies Part II: Historic Resources and HRS Contexts Part III: Historic Contexts and Major CALO-Related Locations of Activity
NB: All of the National Register documentation for CALO’s National Register nominations (except Salter-Battle Hunting Lodge) is now online (with PDFs of the nomination documents, including photographs) at the National Register of Historic Places web site (http://www.nps.gov/nr/).
1 The term “Outer Banks” has been used in a variety of ways to refer to a not always well-defined portion of the narrow islands that lie off approximately the northern half of the North Carolina coast, from the Virginia border to Cape Lookout. David Stick’s map in The Outer Banks of North Carolina (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press,1958), xiv, even includes an additional section that runs eastward from Cape Lookout, including Shackleford Banks and the short section stretching still further east of Beaufort Inlet. Some definitions are much more restrictive, using “Outer Banks” to refer only to the part of the islands lying north of Ocracoke Inlet. Some, but by no means all, local people tend to employ this restrictive definition, which would actually exclude Cape Lookout National Seashore from the Outer Banks. But especially given the fact that we try to situate our analysis within the larger Atlantic World context, we employ the larger, more inclusive definition, which accords both with the broader historical frame and with usage in much of the relevant scholarship. 2 Cape Lookout National Seashore, Master Plan, Cape Lookout National Seashore, 1971 (Harkers Island NC: Cape Lookout National Seashore, 1971), 55. 3 “General Management Plan / Development Concept Plan” (Denver Service Center, 1982), 28. 4 Candy Beal and Carmine Prioli, Life at the Edge of the Sea (Wilmington NC: Coastal Carolina Press, 2002), 131-35. 5 See Anne M. Whisnant, Super-Scenic Motorway: A Blue Ridge Parkway History (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006); Durwood Dunn, Cades Cove: The Life and Death of an Appalachian Community 1818-1937 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1988); Katrina Powell, The Anguish of Displacement: The Politics of Literacy in the Letters of Mountain Families in Shenandoah National Park Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008); Arnold R. Alanen and Robert Z. Melnick, eds. Preserving Cultural Landscapes in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000). 6 Having already been considered more extensively in Chapter 2, the Custom House is treated very briefly here, and only in relation to its possible economic significance. 7 Local residents sometimes refer to themselves by the colloquial term “ca’e bankers.” See for example local resident James Newman Willis’s, “The Ca’e Bankers and Their Brogue” (http://www.downeasttour.com/diamond/hist-brogue.htm; 1 December 2009) and Carmine Prioli and Ed Martin, Hope For a Good Season: The Ca'e Bankers of Harkers Island (Asheboro NC: Down Home Press, 1998). 1 Cape Lookout National Seashore, Master Plan, Cape Lookout National Seashore,1971 (Harkers Island NC: Cape Lookout National Seashore, 1971), 55. 2 “General Management Plan / Development Concept Plan” (1982), 28. 3 Candy Beal and Carmine Prioli, Life at the Edge of the Sea (Wilmington NC: Coastal Carolina Press, 2002), 131-35 4 See Anne M. Whisnant, Super-Scenic Motorway: A Blue Ridge Parkway History (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006); Durwood Dunn, Cades Cove: The Life and Death of an Appalachian Community 1818-1937 (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1988); Katrina Powell, The Anguish of Displacement: The Politics of Literacy in the Letters of Mountain Families in Shenandoah National Park Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008); Arnold R. Alanen and Robert Z. Melnick, eds. Perserving Cultural Landscapes in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000). 5 See Thomas F. King, Cultural Resource Laws & Practice (Walnut Creek CA: AltaMira Press , 2002), 18-21. 6 “NPS Office of Policy: NPS-28, Cultural Resource Management (Chapter 2),” http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/nps28/28chap2.htm. See also King, cultural Resource Laws & Practice, 28-29. 7 See also NPS-28, Introduction, http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/nps28/28intro.htm, accessed 20 August 2008. 8 Superintendent’s Annual Report 2000. The contractor was Tidewater Atlantic Research, based in Washington NC. 10 NPS Office of Policy: NPS-28, Cultural Resource Management (Chapter 2). 11 NPS-28, Chapter 7, “Management of Cultural Landscapes,” http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/nps28/28chap7.htm, accessed 30 August 2008. 12 F. Ross, Jr. Holland, Survey History of Cape Lookout National Seashore (Raleigh NC: Division of History, Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation, 1968); Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. and John Milner Associates, Inc., Portsmouth Village Cultural Landscape Report, 2007; Emily Jateff, Archeological Reconnaissance Survey for Shore Whaling Camps Associated with Diamond City, Cape Lookout National Seashore: Final Report, August 2007; Joseph K. Opperman, Cape Lookout Lighthouse Historic Structure Report (Atlanta: Cultural Resources Division, Southeast Region, National Park Service, 2008), http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/calo/lighthouse_hsr.pdf. 13 Cape Lookout Light Station (1972, prepared by North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office staff); Portsmouth Village (1978, prepared by Regional Historian Lenard Brown at the NPS Southeast Regional Office in Atlanta); Cape Lookout Coast Guard Station (prepared by CALO ranger Felix Revello in 1988 and listed on the Register in 1989); Cape Lookout Village Historic District (2000, prepared for NPS by Ruth Little, a private National Register consultant in Raleigh, NC); and the Salter-Battle Hunting and Fishing Lodge ( prepared by Wilmington consultant Beth Keane for NPS in 2004 and listed on the Register in 2005). See Appendix F. Counting the number of contributing resources has been a challenge. As of Fall 2009, the List of Classified Structures for the park included sixty-six items; however, this list did not include a number of contributing resources included in the 2000 Cape Lookout Village district nomination, nor did it incorporate the four contributing structures from the 2005 Salter-Battle Hunting and Fishing Lodge nomination. 14 Cape Lookout Light Station National Register Nomination, 1972. 16 Resources Management Plan and Environmental Assessment (Cape Lookout National Seashore, May 1983), 4-5. 17 “Cape Lookout Coast Guard Station: National Register of Historic Places Nomination,” 3 September 1988 18 “Core Banks Cottages Rich in History, Tradition,” Coastwatch, Winter 2003, http://www.ncseagrant.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=story&pubid=120&storyid=132, accessed 28 August 2008. 19 “Cape Lookout Village National Register Nomination,” 6 March 2000, Sec. 8, p. 30. 20 The conditions that prompted writing of this nomination are unclear at this writing. 21 A different type of redundancy developed when the 2000 Cape Lookout Village nomination, furthermore, incorporated the previously-nominated resources of both the 1972 Cape Lookout Light Station nomination and the 1988 Cape Lookout Coast Guard Station nomination. 22 Based on information contained in the five National Register nominations for structures or districts in the park, these appear to be: Cape Lookout Lighthouse (1859); Keeper’s Dwelling (1873); Washington Roberts House (1840s-1850); George Dixon House (1887); Robert Wallace House (aka Old Grace House or Wallace-Grace House, 1850); Grace Cemetery; Marine Hospital Cistern; the Cape Lookout Life Saving Station (1888); and the Portsmouth Life Saving Station (1894). The 2007 Portsmouth Village Cultural Landscape Report also identifies the Dennis Mason House (aka the Dave Willis House) as constructed circa 1895. For further detailed discussion of some of these structures, see John A. Milner Associates, Cape Lookout Village Cultural Landscape Report (2005), 3-56 to 3-83; and Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc., and John Milner Associates, Inc. Portsmouth Village Cultural Landscape Report, 2007. 23 “Cape Lookout Village National Register Nomination,” 2; William S. Powell, Encyclopedia of North Carolina (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007), 899-900. 24 Cape Lookout National Seashore, Master Plan, Cape Lookout National Seashore,1971, 81. 25 Ibid., 53 26 Ibid., 57 27 “General Management Plan / Development Concept Plan”; Resources Management Plan and Environmental Assessment, 12. 28 General Management Plan / Development Concept Plan: Final Environmental Impact Study, 1, 42-44. The plan also briefly mentioned commercial fishing and whaling at long-vanished Diamond City. 29 An unnamed CALO staff reader commented that most research and writing undertaken at the time focused on natural history, and that sources relied upon for other aspects of history were drawn from limited local park library collections. While we cannot evaluate the status of the park’s library in the early 1980s, it is not accurate to state that little scholarship had been done on the North Carolina coastal regions by this time. See, for instance, David Stick, The Outer Banks of North Carolina, 1584-1958 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 19580; Gary S. Dunbar, Historical Geography of the North Carolina Outer Banks (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1958); and Harry Merrens, Colonial North Carolina in the Eighteenth Century; A Study in Historical Geography (Chapel Hill,: University of North Carolina Press, 1964),, none of which were cited. 30 Resources Management Plan and Environmental Assessment, 8-9, 115-16; the plan included a helpful chronology of archaeological work within the seashore’s boundaries, beginning with 1938 studies by preeminent University of North Carolina archaeologist Dr. Joffre L. Coe. 31 Resources Management Plan and Environmental Assessment, Archaeological Data Section. The text of this document states that the historical material was excerpted from Dunbar (1958), but its bibliography cites the 1956 version of Dunbar’s study as an LSU technical report. 32 Ibid., 162-72, 173-74. 33 Ibid., 152-62. 34 Resource Management Plan for Cape Lookout National Seashore, 31. 36 “F. Ross Holland, Jr. Obituary (from the Newsletter of the National Coalition for History),” 30 September 2005, http://hnn.us/roundup/entries/16487.html 37 Holland, Survey History of Cape Lookout National Seashore. 38 “Robert Digges Wimberly Connor, 26 Sept. 1878-25 Feb. 1950,” http://docsouth.unc.edu/browse/bios/pn0000339_bio.html, accessed 28 August 2008. 39 Holland, Survey History of Cape Lookout National Seashore, 50. 40 As it appeared later, the list was:
See for example “General Management Plan / Development Concept Plan,”43-44; CALO Resource Management Plan, 1997, 42. 41 Sarah Olson, Portsmouth Village Historic Resource Study, March 1982, preface. 42 John E. Ehrenhard, Cape Lookout National Seashore: Assessment of Archeological and Historical Resources (Tallahassee FL: Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, 1976), x. 43 Ehrenhard provides a photograph of the cemetery site (ibid., 53) and the following data: Site Number: NPS 5 - Diamond City Cemetery. UTM Coordinates: 3,50,56OE - 38,39,08ON Description: This is the site of a small cemetery used by the residents o f Diamond City, Shackleford Banks. All graves date later than 1890. The site is located in the thick woods on northwest Shackleford. A fence surrounds a portion of this little-used graveyard (Maps 2 & 3). It appears from the numerous depressions that many burials have been removed for reinterment on the mainland. 44 Ehrenhard, Cape Lookout National Seashore: Assessment of Archeological and Historical Resources, 24; Kenneth E. Burke, The History of Portsmouth, North Carolina, from Its Founding in 1753 to Its Evacuation in the Face of Federal Forces in 1861, rev. ed. (Washington D.C.: Insta-Print, Inc., 1976), originally completed in 1958 as a B.A. thesis at the University of Richmond; Gary Dunbar, Historical Geography of the North Carolina Outer Banks. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1958). 45 Olson, Portsmouth Village Historic Resource Study, 3 46 John Milner Associates, Inc. and Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc., “Cape Lookout Village Cultural Landscape Report, Cape Lookout National Seashore,” 9 May 2005, R-1 through R-8, hard copy in files 47 Ibid., One-9. 48 Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc. and John Milner Associates, Inc., Portsmouth Village Cultural Landscape Report, 201-204. 49 Ibid., 7-8. 50 Jateff, Archeological Reconnaissance Survey for Shore Whaling Camps Associated with Diamond City, Cape Lookout National Seashore: Final Report, 80-85. 51 Barbara J. Garrity-Blake and James Sabella, Ethnohistorical Overview and Assessment Study of Cape Lookout National Seashore Including a Case Study of Harkers Island: Draft Report of Phase I , 14 December 2007. 52 Annual Report 2003, 2003; see also Warren J. Davis, et. al., Plaintiff, v. United States of America, et. al., Defendants. Case No. 4:01-CV-117-H(3). 4 September 2002. 53 Jerry Allegood, “Like being in another world,” 19 August 2001, http://capelookoutstudies.org/poemsessays/noaug1901.shtml; “Core Banks Cottages Rich in History, Tradition.” 54David S. Cecelski. “The Hidden World of Mullet Camps: African- American Architecture on the North Carolina Coast,” North Carolina Historical Review LXX, #1, 1993; Fred A. Olds “Cape Lookout Lonesome Place,” The Orphan’s Friend XLVI, #26; Edmund Ruffin, Agricultural, Geological, and Descriptive Sketches of Lower North Carolina, and the Similar Adjacent Lands (Raleigh, NC: Institution for the Deaf & Dumb & The Blind, 1861) Directory: Projects -> CALO Projects -> Terminal Decision Support Tool Systems Engineering Graduate Capstone Course Aiman Al Gingihy Danielle Murray Sara Ataya Projects -> Rajinder Sachar Committee CALO -> Cape Lookout National Seashore Historic Resource Study By Projects -> Revolutionizing Climate Modeling – Project Athena: a multi-Institutional, International Collaboration Projects -> What is a Hurricane? Projects -> General Information Projects -> Press Information Projects -> 1 Introduction 3 2 Designing an Embedded System 4 Projects -> Published as: Sugrue, B. & Clark, R. E. (2000), Media Selection for Training. In S. Tobias & D. Fletcher (Eds.), Training & Retraining: a handbook for Business, Industry, Government and the Military. New York: Macmillan Download 1.63 Mb. Share with your friends:
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