Cephalopods caught on the outer Patagonian shelf and its upper and medium slope in relation to the main oceanographic features



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Table 1

Characteristics of depth strata and number of hauls per stratum in ATLANTIS 2009 cruise. Meters (m); nautical miles (nm), square nautical miles (nm2)





Stratum

Depth range

(m)

Surface

(nm2)

No of grids

(~5 nm2)

Scheduled hauls

Hauls made


Valid

Null

1

<200

1,144

229

13

13




2

201-300

279

56

3

3




3

301-400

366

73

4

4

1

4

401-500

538

108

6

6




5

501-700

1,483

297

17

17

2

6

701-1000

1,964

393

22

21

1

7

1001-1500

2,037

407

22

-

-

8

<200

1,395

279

16

18

1

9

201-300

111

22

2

2




10

301-400

123

25

2

2




11

401-500

74

15

2

2




12

501-1000

977

195

11

11




13

1001-1500

2,547

509

29

28




TOTAL




13,038

2,608

149

127

5


Table 2

ATLANTIS 2009 cruise typical range of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea Bottom Temperature (SBT), and salinity at the different zones or currents mentioned in the text and Figure 2. PS: Patagonian shelf; STZ: Subtropical Zone or Subtropical Front; FMC: Falkland (Malvinas) Current (at 52-53.3ºS-58-61º W); SAZ: Subantartic Zone; PFZ: Polar Frontal Zone; AZ: Antarctic Zone. S: Summer; W: Winter. Data sources: CIMAS (Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami; Arkhipkin et al., 2004; Deacon, 1984; Glorioso, 1987; and Peterson and Whitworth, 1989). These data vary with time of the year and weather conditions, when there is no indication the information correspond to March-April months.




Zone

PS

STZ

FMC

SAZ

PFZ

AZ

SST°C

7.5 - 18.0

7.0-14.0

9.5-14.6

4.0-14.0 S

4.0-8.0 W



2.0-4.0

2.0-3.0

SBT

13.0-14.0 (450 m)

4.0-5.0 (200 m)

4.5-8.0 (200 m)

2.2-3.8 (1,000 m)



2.0-3.0

2.0 - 0.0

(1,000 m)



-0.2-0.4

(2,000 m)



Salinity

34.57 - 35.70

34.90-34.60

33.8-34.2

33.90 - 34.90 W

>33.0 S


33.80-34.10 W

>33.0 s


33.50 - 34.70 W

>33.0 S




Table 3
Cephalopod species caught during the ATLANTIS 2009 survey in March 2009, with number of hauls (NH) where they were caught, depth range (DR), Maximum Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Bottom temperature (SBT), and number of specimens caught (NC).

Species

NH

DR (m)


SST-SBT (º C)

NC

Species

NH

DR (m)


SST-BT (ºC)

NC

Semirossia patagonica

2

114-144

13.4-4.1

2

Onykia ingens

1

1043-1050

9.8-2.9

1

Austrorossia mastigophora

1

116-119

13.5-5.9

1

Bathyteuthis abyssicola

1

1497-1502

9.9-2.2

1

Neorossia caroli

1

601-603

12.0-3.8

1

Batoteuthis skolops

1

1198-1221

9.8.2.8

1

Gonatus antarcticus

14

690-1502

10.5-2.2

23

Galiteuthis glacialis

2

1103-1365

10.5-2.6

3

Histioteuthis arcturi

1

1176-1187

9.5-2.7

1

Taonis pavo

1

1359-1365

10.2-2.5

1

Histioteuthis atlantica

8

135-998

9.8-2.8

10

Graneledone antractica

3

1156-1461

9.7-2.4

3

Histioteuthis bonnellii

5

625-1291

11.0-2.3

5

Graneledone macrotyla

2

774-870

10.3-3.1

2

Histioteuthis eltaninae

1

717-720

12.9-3.6

4

Thaumeledone gunteri

4

855-1190

9.6-2.6

4

Histioteuthis reversa

3

618-846

13.1-3.0

3

Muusoctopus eureka

8

111-1156

14.6-2.8

8

Chiroteuthis veranyii

3

766-1187

12.0-2.7

3

M. longibrachus akambei

3

428-921

12.0-2.9

4

Slosarczykovia circumantarctica

6

881-1224

11.9-2.3

9

Totals

71







90


Table 4. Cephalopod species caught during ATLANTIS 2009 cruise. Family; size range (ML: dorsal mantle length in millimeters); BD: biological data; M: male; F: female; SA: subadult; J: juvenile); NC: number of specimens caught; Ma: mature; Mat: maturating; IM: immature; Sfm: stomach full of myctophids; Sfe: stomach full of euphausids.

Species

Family

ML

BD

NC

Species

Family

ML

BD

NC

Semirossia patagonica

Sepiolidae

21-30

Ma M+F

2

Onykia ingens

Onychoteuthidae

480

MA F

Sme


1

Austrorossia mastigophora

Sepiolidae

21

Ma F

1

Bathyteuthis abyssicola

Bathyteuthidae

52

M

1

Neorossia caroli

Sepiolidae

47

Ma F

1

Batoteuthis skolops

Batoteuthidae

125

J

1

Gonatus antarcticus

Gonatidae

50-226

9 Ma M

10 Mat F, 4J

Sfm


23

Galiteuthis glacialis

Cranchiidae

350-372

J and SA

3

Histioteuthis arcturi

Histioteuthidae

21

J

1

Taonis pavo

Cranchiidae

323

SA

1

Histioteuthis atlantica

Histioteuthidae

43-79

6M +4F

10

Graneledone antractica

Octopodidae

21-130

2 In F

1 J


3

Histioteuthis bonnellii

Histioteuthidae

58-82

2M+3F

5

Graneledone macrotyla

Octopodidae

27-60

1 Ma M

1J


2

Histioteuthis eltaninae

Histioteuthidae

66-75

1M+3F

4

Thaumeledone gunteri

Octopodidae

35-51

Ma M

4

Histioteuthis reversa

Histioteuthidae

21-83

2M+1F

3

Muusoctopus eureka

Octopodidae

49-80

5 Ma M

3 In F


8

Chiroteuthis veranyii

Chiroteuthidae

84-297

1F+2J

3

Muusoctopus longibrachus akambei

Octopodidae

42-78

2 Ma M

2 Mat F


4

Slosarczykovia circumantarctica

Brachioteuthidae

105-182

4 Ma M

2 Ma F, 3 J



9

Total










90


Table 5
Cephalopod distribution in relation to Subtropical Zone (STZ), Patagonian shelf (PS), Falkland/Malvinas Current (FMC), Subantartic Zone (SAZ), Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ), Antarctic Zone (AZ). X: previous papers: P: present paper.

Species

PS

STZ

FMC

SAZ

PFZ

AZ

Authority




PS

STZ

FMC

SAZ

PFZ

AZ

Authority

Semirossia patagonica

X

P

X










Rodhouse et al. 1999; Reid and Jereb, 2005

Onykia ingens

X

X

P

X

X

X

Nesis, 1987; Vecchione et al., tolweb

Austrorossia mastigophora




P
















Bathyteuthis abyssicola







P

X

X

X

Nesis, 1987

Neorossia caroli jeannae







X P










Nesis et al., 2001

Batoteuthis skolops







X P

X

X

X

Young & Roper, 1968; Rodhouse et al., 1999; Nesis, 2003

Gonatus antarcticus

X




X P

X

X

X

Rodhouse et al. 1999; Nesis, 2003

Galiteuthis glacialis







P

X

X

X

Nesis, 1987; 2003

Histioteuthis arcturi







X P













Taonis pavo







P

X

X

X

N. Voss, 1980

Histioteuthis atlantica




X

X P









Rodhouse et al. 1999

Graneledone antractica







P

X?

X

X

Voss, 1976; 1988; Kubodera & Okutani, 1994

Histioteuthis bonnellii

X




X P










N. Voss, et al., 1998; Nesis, 2003

Graneledone macrotyla







P







X

Voss, 1976; 1988; Kubodera & Okutani, 1994

Histioteuthis eltaninae







X P










Rodhouse et al. 1999

Thaumeledone gunteri







P

X?

X?

X

Allcock et al., 2004

Histioteuthis reversa







X P










N. Voss et al., 1998

Muusoctopus eureka







X P

X

X

X

Geadall et al., 2010

Chiroteuthis veranyii

X

X

P

X







Nesis, 1987

Muusoctopus longibrachus akambei







X P










Geadall et al., 2010

Slosarczykovia circumantarctica







P




X

X

Lipinski, 2001; Lipinski & Young tolweb


























Fig. 1. Study area comprised between 44º and 48º south and to the east of the Argentinean Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ or ZEE in Spanish). FOCZ: Falkland Islands Outer Conservation Zone; FICZ: Falkland Islands Conservation Zone.

Fig. 2. Location of the cephalopod trawled species in ATLANTIS 2009 cruise. Semirossia patagonica (Sp); Austrorossia mastigophora (Am); Neorossia caroli (Nc); Gonatus antracticus (Ga); Histioteuthis arcturi (Ha); H. atlantica (Hat); H. bonnellii (Hb); H. eltaninae (He); H. reversa (Hr); Chiroteuthis veranyii (Cv); Slosarczykovia circumantarctica (Sc); Onykia ingens (Oi); Bathytheuthis abyssicola (Ba); Batoteuthis skolops (Bs); Galiteuthis glacialis (Gg); Taonius pavo (Tp); Graneledona antractica (Gan); Granleledone macrotyla (Gm); Taumeledone gunteri (Tg); Muusoctopus eureka (Me); Muusoctopus longibrachus akambei (Mla).



Fig. 3. Major oceanographic features of the southwest Atlantic Ocean (from Rodhouse et al., 1992). The limits of the fronts and zones change with time of the year and climatic conditions.

Fig. 4. Falkland/ Malvinas Current in the January- March period (black arrows enclosed in white). Source: CIMAS, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, USA.








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