Uses of Funds: -
Refinance loans- These loans include loans and advances given to State Governments, CBs, LDBs, SCBs, and RRBs etc. as refinance against the loans disbursed by them to the ultimate borrowers. It includes:
-
Production and Marketing credit for various banks working in the field of rural development.
-
Medium Term (MT) conversion loans for production credit.
-
Liquidity Support to SCBs and RRBs under Liquidity Support Scheme.
-
Short Term (ST) loans to the SCBs and RRBs for financing SAO and for other purposes.
-
Loans under Line of Credit to SCBs.
-
MT and Long Term (LT) project and non-project loans.
-
Direct Loans- NABARD provides direct financial assistance in following ways:
-
Loans to State Governments under “Project Loans under RIDF” for various infrastructural development projects.
-
Non-Project LT loans to State Governments for contributing to the share capital of co-operative credit institutions.
-
Other Loans which include amounts outstanding under various funds, viz., CDF, MFDEF, WDF, CFSF, RPCF, TDF etc.
-
Co-financing of various projects having large outlay, unproven technology and having long-gestation period.
-
Loans to Voluntary Agencies/ NGOs for developmental activities.
-
Loans under NABARD Infrastructure Development Assistance
-
Loans under Producers’ Organisation Development Fund
-
Investment of Surplus Funds- NABARD deploys its ST surplus funds in ST deposits with CBs; and in money market, mutual fund deposits and Government securities. NABARD invests its temporary surplus in Government Securities through its treasury operations.
Profitability of NABARD:
NABARD is a “Development Facilitating and Financing Institution” in rural sector. The national bank was intended to function on business principles and not on commercial principles. Profit maximization is not the goal of NABARD but it has to function on business principles making reasonable profit for making the institution stable and continuing. Being an organization NABARD has its own requirements and needs of profits. Although many institutions are assisting NABARD for nurturing its funds yet many of its funds are managed by NABARD itself. During the last 11 years the income of national bank had shown an increase of three-fold. While the Profits Before Tax (PBT) and Profits After Tax (PAT) had shown an increase of 52% and 47% respectively.
Table 3.3: Financial performance of NABARD (2001-02 to 2011-12)
(in ` crores)
Year
|
Income
|
Expenditure
|
Reserves & Surplus
|
PBT
|
PAT
|
2001-02
|
3671.90
|
2191.23
|
3626.20
|
1480.67
|
1115.67
|
2002-03
|
4046.40
|
2522.14
|
4319.44
|
1524.25
|
1147.25
|
2003-04
|
4267.27
|
2806.84
|
5290.90
|
1460.42
|
1121.82
|
2004-05
|
3938.74
|
2606.12
|
6198.94
|
1332.61
|
1033.41
|
2005-06
|
3936.47
|
2764.98
|
6974.47
|
1171.48
|
8572.59
|
2006-07
|
4747.37
|
3577.42
|
7802.41
|
1169.95
|
8564.23
|
2007-08
|
5509.09
|
3760.99
|
8602.85
|
1748.09
|
1226.14
|
2008-09
|
7050.68
|
5063.15
|
9535.21
|
1987.53
|
1390.13
|
2009-10
|
7964.80
|
5692.34
|
10674.60
|
2272.45
|
1558.26
|
2010-11
|
9202.01
|
7378.15
|
11862.72
|
1823.86
|
1279.21
|
2011-12
|
10978.49
|
8726.53
|
13407.69
|
2251.97
|
1634.97
|
Source: NABARD Annual Reports Various Issues
Table 3.4: Operating Ratios of NABARD (2002-12)
Particulars
|
2002
|
2003
|
2004
|
2005
|
2006
|
2007
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
Interest income as % to Avrg. Working Funds
|
8.81
|
8.45
|
8.02
|
6.90
|
6.28
|
6.84
|
6.13
|
6.47
|
6.19
|
6.22
|
6.53
|
Non-Interest income as % to Avrg. Working Funds
|
0.07
|
0.10
|
0.11
|
0.04
|
-0.14
|
-0.15
|
0.08
|
0.13
|
0.10
|
0.10
|
0.07
|
Operating profit as % to Avrg. Working Funds
|
4.35
|
3.96
|
3.61
|
3.22
|
2.06
|
1.75
|
1.97
|
1.86
|
1.80
|
1.44
|
1.25
|
% Return on Avrg. Assets
|
3.58
|
3.22
|
2.78
|
1.82
|
1.83
|
1.58
|
1.38
|
1.30
|
1.23
|
0.98
|
0.88
|
Net profit/ employee (` crore)
|
0.28
|
0.29
|
0.28
|
0.20
|
0.17
|
0.17
|
0.25
|
0.28
|
0.33
|
0.36
|
0.27
|
CAR
|
36.9
|
39.0
|
39.4
|
38.8
|
34.4
|
27.0
|
26.6
|
25.9
|
25.0
|
21.7
|
20.6
|
O/S Market Borrowings to Working Funds
|
16.1
|
19.3
|
27.4
|
36.6
|
35.6
|
39.6
|
34.0
|
23.5
|
18.5
|
NA
|
NA
|
% of Net NPA to Net Loans & Advances
|
0.00
|
0.001
|
0.001
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
0.033
|
0.023
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.021
|
0.022
|
Source: NABARD Annual Reports Various Issues
Although NABARD is not commercial in its operations yet it needs to aim for better margins, so that the operating surplus could be ploughed back into its developmental activities which will increase the credit flow to agriculture, allied activities and for rural infrastructural development. NABARD should progressively focus on deploying profits for promoting integrated rural development and securing sustainable rural prosperity through farm and off farm enterprises by providing and regulating credit flow. Being the only institution mobilizing urban surpluses and investing in rural areas, the resource mobilization efforts of NABARD should be supported with fiscal concessions and the bank itself must mobilize innovatively rural deposits and firm up institutional arrangements for its resources. The national bank should be allowed to raise resources from anywhere in the world and such global resources could be deployed in rural credit.
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