Chapter Four Globalization and Regionalism


A. Inter-governmentalism (liberal Inter-governmentalism)



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Chapter Four GA
A. Inter-governmentalism (liberal Inter-governmentalism)
Focuses on the state in order for integrations to succeed
• Considers the
state mainly as an actor in the international system and
the integration process
to be a process in that system
(uses traditional IR perspective)
Moravcsik
: integration is a rational choice of state actors Classifies the process of integration into
I.
National Preference Formation

Here the degree of integration depends on the
interests of influential
domestic constituents
exercising pressure over their governments. However, national preference formation regarding cooperation in FP and Defense Policy is subject to geopolitical interests revolving around a state’s ideological commitment

Problem with this approach: IR has not given much weight to the domestic level or the society in the state’s FP decisions
II.
Interstate bargaining
III.
Institutional choice


B. Supra Nationalism
• This is derived from neo functionalism
Based on the works of
Haas which focuses on European integration Hass first sees integration as a process led by elitist groups
(like leaders of industry associations or political parties, who recognize ab lack of

opportunities in pursuing a shared interest at the
domestic level and then push national governments
to transfer policy competence to a supranational body.
Once the supranational body is created, international
interdependence grows
,
• and
interest groups or political party leaders can shift their
loyalties away from national institutions by choosing to pursue
their interests through newly established international

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