Chapter IV. A the use of force introduction
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. November 2, 2011, par. 30
484 I/A Court HR.: Case of Montero Aranguren et al. (Detention Center of Catia) v. Venezuela. Preliminary Objection, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of July 5, 2006. Series C No. 150, par. 81. When referring to the real independence of the investigative body, the Court also queried the propriety of the assistance lent to the principal investigative organ, in other words the Public Prosecution Service, by the institution involved in the events relating to the allegedly excessive use of force, namely the Judicial Police Technical Corps, a circumstance that might have contributed to the irregularities encountered in the proceeding. I/A Court HR. Case of Uzcátegui et al. v. Venezuela. Merits and Reparations. Judgment of September 3, 2012, Series C No. 249, par. 220. 485 I/A Court HR.: Case of Nadege Dorzema et al. v. Dominican Republic. Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of October 24, 2012, Series C No. 251, par. 187-190; and Case of Zambrano-Vélez et al. v. Ecuador. Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of July 4, 2007. Series C No. 166, par. 66. 486 The Inter-American Court of Human Rights has pointed out that “failure to adequately protect the scene of the crime may affect the investigation because it is a crucial factor for its being conducted properly” (I/A Court H.R., Case of Myrna Mack Chang v. Argentina, note 4 above, par. 166) and the United Nations Human Rights Council has urged “States to investigate any cases of deaths or injuries brought about during demonstrations, including those resulting from shots from firearms or the use of nonlethal weapons by law enforcement personnel” (CDH ONU, A/HRC/25/L.20, para. 12). 487 I/A Court HR. Case of the “Mapiripán Massacre” v. Colombia. Judgment of September 15, 2005. Series C No. 134, par. 227. 488 ECHR, McCann and Others v. the United Kingdom, Application No. 27229/95, September 1995, par. 36. See also: IACHR, Luis Jorge Valencia Hinojosa, Ecuador, Report N° 90/14, Admissibility and Merits, 4November 4, 2014, par. 123. 489 I/A Court HR. Case of the Miguel Castro Castro Prison v. Peru. Interpretation of Judgment on Merits, Reparations, and Costs. Judgment of August 2, 2008, Series C No. 181, pars. 256 and 382. 490 I/A Court HR. Case of the Miguel Castro Castro Prison v. Peru. Interpretation of Judgment on Merits, Reparations, and Costs. Judgment of August 2, 2008, Series C No. 181, pars. 255. 491 I/A Court HR.: Case of Landaeta Mejías Brothers et al v. Venezuela. Judgment of August 27, 2014. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Series C No. 281, par. 143; Case of Nadege Dorzema et al. v. Dominican Republic. Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of October 24, 2012, Series C No. 251, par. 100; Case of Montero Aranguren et al. (Detention Center of Catia). Judgment of July 05, 2006. Series C No. 150, paragraphs 79 - 83; and Case of Kawas Fernández v. Honduras. Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of April 3, 2009, Series C No. 196, par. 97. See also: IACHR. IACHR, Luis Jorge Valencia Hinojosa, Ecuador, Report N° 90/14, Admissibility and Merits, November 4, 2014, par. 195. 493 IACHR. IACHR, Luis Jorge Valencia Hinojosa, Ecuador, Report N° 90/14, Admissibility and Merits, November 4, 2014, par. 194. Basic principles on the use of force, Principle No. 24. 494 Basic principles on the use of force, Principle No. 26. 495 IACHR. Hearing on Complaints regarding the excessive use of force by police against persons of African Descent. 156th regular session. October 23, 2015. IACHR, Report on Violence, Children and Organized Crime. OAS/ Ser.L/V/II.Doc.40/15 November 2, 2015, para. 191. 496 IACHR. Hearing on Complaints of violence against Mapuche indigenous children and impunity in Chile. 156th regular session. October 22, 2015. 497 The report is posted at: http://www.mpf.gob.ar/procuvin/files/2015/05/Situacion_Procesal_de_Funcionarios.pdf 499 AI: Annual Report 2014/2015. Peru. February 25, 2015. 500 AI: Peru Urgently investigate two deaths in past two weeks amid anti-mining protests. May 6, 2015. 501 Report No. 102-2015-JUS/PPES of the Peruvian State, relating to a request for information under Article 41 of the American Convention, on the status of clashes between the police and demonstrators against the Tía María mining project, July 10, 2015. In this connection, the IACHR was told that, with regard to the death of Mr. Victoriano Huayna Nina, the Public Prosecution Servive was conducting investigation No. 1506094500-20 15-548-0; annd that similar investigations were under way into the deaths of Messrs Henry Checlla Chura (Investigation No. 1506094500-2015-611-0) and Ramón Colque Vilca (Investigation No. 1506094500-2015-735-0), and Peruvian National Police (PNP) officer Carlos Alberto Vasquez Durand. The IACHR was also told of the establishment of a Special Investigative Committee to elucidate possible liability for alleged police misconduct. It would join together investigations being carried out by the Military Police regarding “events relating to improper use of firearms and police excesses constituting offenses committed in the course of duty during PNP operations to exert control and restore order.” 502 Actualidad Penal. Public Prosecution Service (Ministerio Publico- MP) Inician investigación por sucesos ocurridos en La Oroya. August 11, 2015. See also: El Comercio. La Oroya: necropsia confirma que muerte fue por impacto de bala. August 12, 2015; El Popular. PE. Mineros y gobierno llegan a un acuerdo La Oroya: se levantó paro por ocho días. August 14, 2015. 503 Response of Nicaragua to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, pp. 35-36. 504 Response of Nicaragua to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, pp. 35-36. 505 Response of Nicaragua to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, pp. 36-37. 506 Response of El Salvador to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, p. 14. 507 Response of Colombia to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, p. 33. 508 Response of Trinidad and Tobago to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, p. 6. 509 Response of Trinidad and Tobago to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, pp. 7-8. 510 Response of Chile to the questionnaire on the use of force circulated by the IACHR, p. 31. 511 According to findings of the National Human Rights Commission (CONADEH), several people, including two pregnant women and five children were beaten with batons on the arms, legs, and head and one was hit in the chest by a tear gas shell. In addition, six people, including a child, were reportedly detained at the Preventive Police Office No. 6 See the press release by Criterio.hn. Conadeh pide sancionar a implicados en desalojo violento de Choluteca. October 3, 2015; See also: Online video. Violento Desalojo en Choluteca. YouTube, published by carlos nieto on September 30, 2015. Posted on November 9, 2015. 512 Public Prosecution Service of Honduras. Por desalojo violento en Choluteca, Fiscalía de Derechos Humanos presentará Requerimiento Fiscal contra policías. October 2, 2015; See also: Criterio.hn. Por “uso excesivo de la fuerza” suspenden a jefes policiales de Choluteca. October 1, 2015; Fox News Al menos 17 lesionados en brutalidad policial en desalojo en sur de Honduras. September 30, 2015. 513 Online video. Soldados golpean a dos menores. YouTube, published by Periódico Guatemala on July 31, 2015. Posted on November 9, 2015. 514 Public Prosecution Service of Guatemala. Fiscalía de la Mujer coordina aprehensión de cinco soldados. August 6, 2015. See also: Telemundo47. Guatemala: Presos militares por golpear jóvenes. August 6, 2015; El Comercio. Guatemala: Detienen a soldados por brutal golpiza a menores. August 6, 2015. 515 CNN. Spring Valley High School officer suspended after violent classroom arrest. October 27, 2015. See also: Washington Post. FBI, Justice Department investigating S.C. police officer who threw student across classroom. October 27, 2015; BBC: US police officer fired for student assault in South Carolina. October 28, 2015. 516 BoiBio Chile. Video confirma que chorro del carro lanzaaguas de Carabineros provocó caída de Rodrigo Avilés . May 28, 2015. 517 Section 2(2)(c) of the Dominica Constitution (1978), available at: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Dominica/constitution.pdf; Section 12(2)(c) of the Barbados Constitution (2002), available at: http://www.oas.org/dil/The_Constitution_of_Barbados.pdf; 518 Sections 6, 4 and 12 of the Riot Acts of Antigua and Barbuda, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago, respectively. 519 Section 81(1)(c) of the Dominica Constitution (2010), available at: http://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1873/1873-0015/PenalCode_1.pdf 520 Provision amended by Law 30151/2014, of January 12, 2014. Available at: http://www.leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/30151.pdf 521 HRW. World Report for 2015: Peru. January 29, 2015. 522 IACHR. Hearing on Social Protest and Human Rights in the Americas. 154th regular session March 16, 2015. 523 Peru21. Tía María: Denunciarán a policías que ‘sembraron’ arma a campesino. April 25, 2015. See also: RT. Tía María: El peruano ‘armado’ por un policía ante las cámaras durante una protesta exige justicia. April 27, 2015. 524 Congress of the Republic of Colombia. Legislative Act 1 of 2015. Official Gazette N0. 49.554 of June 25, 2015. 525 IACHR. Hearing on Legal reforms relating to security forces in Colombia. 156th regular session. October 22, 2015 526 IACHR. Hearing on Legal reforms relating to security forces in Colombia. 156th regular session. October 22, 2015 See also: Congress of the Republic of Colombia. Legislative Act 1 of 2015. Official Gazette N0. 49.554 of June 25, 2015. Directory: iachr -> docs -> annual annual -> Follow-up of recommendations issued by the iachr in its country or thematic reports iachr -> Annual report of the office of the special rapporteur for freedom of expression iachr -> Admissibility iachr -> Report on the merits iachr -> Original: Spanish inter-american commission on human rights iachr -> Triunfo de la cruz iachr -> Inter-american commission on human rights Download 1.17 Mb. Share with your friends:
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