Commonwealth of Australia 2000
Assessments by other national or international bodies
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- 4. Chemical Identity and Composition
- 4.3Other names Acrylonitrile monomer Cyanoethene Cyanoethylene Propenenitrile Vinyl cyanide Vinylcyanide 4.4Trade names
- 4.7Molecular weight 53.06 4.8Composition of commercial grade product
- 5.Physical and Chemical Properties
2.3Assessments by other national or international bodiesAcrylonitrile has been assessed by several other national or international bodies involved in the review or evaluation of data pertaining to health and environmental hazards posed by chemicals. Of these, the most noteworthy are:
3.ApplicantsFollowing the declaration of acrylonitrile as a Priority Existing Chemical, six importers and two formulators applied for assessment of the chemical. The applicants supplied information on the properties, import quantities and uses of the chemical. In accordance with the Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act 1989, NICNAS provided the applicants with a draft copy of the report for comments during the corrections/variation phase of the assessment. Data for the assessment were also provided by five notifiers, including the company managing the bulk terminal on Coode Island and four businesses which purchase acrylonitrile in Australia and formulate it into various products or use it for analytical purposes. The applicants were, as follows:
4. Chemical Identity and Composition4.1Chemical name (IUPAC)2-Propenenitrile 4.2Registry numbersAcrylonitrile is listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS) as 2-propenenitrile. CAS number 107-13-1 EINECS number 203-466-5 RTECS number AT5250000 UN number 1093
4.3Other namesAcrylonitrile monomer Cyanoethene Cyanoethylene Propenenitrile Vinyl cyanide Vinylcyanide 4.4Trade namesAcrylonitrile inhibited 4.5Molecular formulaC3H3N 4.6Structural formula
4.7Molecular weight53.06 4.8Composition of commercial grade productThe composition of acrylonitrile imported into Australia is >99.5% w/w acrylonitrile, 0.25-0.45% w/w water, and 35-50 ppm w/w hydroquinone methyl ether inhibitor to prevent polymerisation during storage and transport. The following impurities have been reported to be present in commercial grade acrylonitrile: acetone and acetonitrile (300-500 ppm), aldehydes as acetaldehyde and propionitrile (30-50 ppm), acrolein, methanol, isopropanol and hydrogen cyanide (5 ppm), and trace amounts of iron and copper (HSA, 1998). The purity of acrylonitrile is determined by gas chromatographic methods using flame ionisation detection or a nitrogen-specific detector. Characterisation of acrylonitrile is carried out spectroscopically using ultraviolet, infrared and mass spectrometry techniques (HSA, 1998).
5.Physical and Chemical Properties5.1Physical propertiesAcrylonitrile is a clear, colourless liquid with a characteristic, weakly pungent, onion or garlic like odour (Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, 1995). The odour threshold is reported to vary from 1.6-22 ppm (AIHA, 1989). Physical properties of acrylonitrile are given in Table 1. Table 1: Physical properties of acrylonitrile
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