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Table 7. The Effect of Consolidated Trading on the NYSE in the Pre- and Consolidated Period with Security Characteristic Interactions (December 28, 1883 - April 9, 1886)



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Table 7. The Effect of Consolidated Trading on the NYSE in the Pre- and Consolidated Period with Security Characteristic Interactions (December 28, 1883 - April 9, 1886)

This table reports the results from the estimation of the following model:



SPREADit = α0+ β1VOLit + β2CLOSEit+ β3STDEVi + β4COMPt + β5WVOLit + β6CALLt+ β7SHAREit + β8CONCt + β9RAILROADi + β10 MARKET CAPITALIZATIONit + β11RAILROADi*COMPt + β12MARKETCAPITALIZATIONit* COMPt + β13Volit *COMPt + β14CLOSEit*COMPt + εit
where SPREAD is either the natural log of the absolute or the relative spread as defined in Table 2. COMP is a dummy variable that takes on a value of one for all observations in the 60 weeks after February 17, 1885 and the value of zero for the observations in the 60 weeks before Feb 17, 1885. Railroadi is equal to zero if firm is a railroad and zero otherwise. Market Capitalization is the natural log of the shares outstanding times closing price for firm i in week t. The interactions represent the Compt variable times the respective independent variable. The other variables are as defined as in Table 3. Robust standard errors clustered by company are in parentheses. *** significant at 10%; ** significant at 5%; * significant at 1%.







(A) (B) (C)

(D)




dependent variable







natural log of

natural log of

natural log of

natural log of

independent variable

absolute spread

absolute spread

relative spread

relative spread
















natural log of

0.014

0.016

0.013

0.017

individual security volume

(0.036)

(0.031)

(0.036)

(0.031)
















natural log of

0.666*

4.083

-0.328*

3.226

individual security closing price

(0.065)

(3.865)

(0.064)

(3.872)
















natural log of

0.059




0.066




individual security volatility

(0.113)




(0.111)



















presence of Consolidated trading

-1.989*

-2.739*

-1.919*

-2.687*




(0.557)

(0.500)

(0.548)

(0.489)
















natural log of

0.003

0.001

0.004

0.001

NYSE total weekly volume

(0.038)

(0.033)

(0.037)

(0.033)
















natural log of

0.168*

0.123*

0.166*

0.122*

broker's call rate

(0.029)

(0.026)

(0.028)

(0.026)
















natural log of

-0.274*

-0.149*

-0.274*

-0.151*

security's share of total volume

(0.038)

(0.031)

(0.037)

(0.031)
















natural log of

-0.192*

-0.046

-0.194*

-0.048

concentration ratio

(0.067)

(0.050)

(0.066)

(0.050)
















Railroad

-0.125




-0.123







(0.124)




(0.123)



















natural log of

-0.413*

-4.194

-0.408*

-4.309

market capitalization

(0.067)

(3.863)

(0.066)

(3.868)
















interaction railroad and

-0.002

0.02

-0.008

0.015

presence of Consolidated trading

(0.087)

(0.088)

(0.087)

(0.087)
















interaction ln of market cap. and

0.119*

0.157*

0.116*

0.155*

presence of Consolidated trading

(0.034)

(0.031)

(0.034)

(0.030)
















interaction ln of security closing price

-0.146*

-0.145*

-0.147*

-0.148*

and presence of Consolidated trading

(0.041)

(0.041)

(0.041)

(0.040)
















interaction ln of security volume

-0.004

-0.011

-0.003

-0.011

and presence of Consolidated trading

(0.013)

(0.011)

(0.013)

(0.011)
















Constant

4.159*

69.386

4.053*

71.184




(1.340)

(65.009)

(1.321)

(65.096)
















Company fixed effects included

no

yes

no

yes

Number of fixed effects




88




88































Quarterly time effects

yes

yes

yes

yes

Observations

6,572

6,572

6,572

6,572

R-squared

0.589

0.683

0.787

0.835

F-Statistic

76.8*

18.5*

258.6*

63.6*

















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