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117. Ericaceae (Heath Family)

983. Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench. 1794. Shr.466; B&B.unlisted

Chamaedaphne calyculata var. angustifolia (Aiton) Rehder

[Cassandra chamaedaphne (L.) D. Don. 1834]

(Andromeda calyculata L. 1753)

Presumably, all local plants are var. angustifolia, which is the variety found from Labrador to North Carolina.

(Leatherleaf, Cassandra)

Erect alternate-leaved evergreen native shrub.

Habitat: "Wet bogs" (Gray 1867). "In bogs and swamps" (Britton

1901). "Bogs and pocosins" (Radford et al 1968). "Bogs, ponds" (Stieber 1971). Occurs in distinct zonation, defining borders of peaty bogs and highly acidic ponds.

Frequency: "Coastal Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). Eight state occurrences (Heritage 3/15/1996).

Heritage Rating: 1988: B3 (State Rare). 1991: Threatened. 1994 & 2001: S1 (Highly State Rare), Threatened.

Records: Tidewater swamp near Furnace Creek and Annapolis Road 4/25/1881, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Near pond at Furnace Branch (Plitt 4/22/1899). Round Bay (Plitt 4/22/1899). Fresh Pond; C.C.Plitt 9/23/1905; se Sipple 1999, p.356. Glenburnie Bog (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). "A station at Glen Burnie ... has long been known...the writer recently found a much larger colony at Round Bay...Sarracenia and Chamaecyparis also occur Here" (A. V. Smith, 1940). 2 mi. NW of Gibson I. 9/26/1950, N. Hotchkiss (US) (Stieber 1967). Marshy head of the Severn 10/24/1951, N. Hotchkiss & F. M. Uhler (US) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent, Md., margin of a fresh pond, 1 m. high 8/18/1960, N. Hotchkiss & E. C. Leonard (US) (Stieber 1967). One north-county shrub-swamp station mapped by Sipple 1978. Seven A. A. Co. stations (1976) noted by Broome et al Dec. 1979. Severn Run at Dicus Mill Road, near Aurora Hills 6/28/1981, Steven R. Hill 10434 (MARY, VT) (Hill 1988). Eagle Hill Bog 6/28/1981, Steven R. Hill 10451 (MARY, NY, TAES, VT) (Hill 1988). North Grays Bog (Whigham 1981). Eagle Hill Bog, Angels Bog, South Grays Bog (Whigham 1981, Sipple & Klockner 1984). Blackhole Creek Bog (Broersma 1984). Severn Run area below Route 3 on 6/14/1987 (Sipple 1993). Lake Waterford 8/25/1989 (Sipple 1993). Angels Bog 6/10/1992, 8/7/1992 (Sipple 1993). Angels Bog 6/5/1998 (Sipple 1999, p.374). Arden Bog 1998 (Sipple 1999, p.382).

Sightings: Jabez Branch: Drum Point R. R. pond; this may be Hill's 1981 station.

Herbaria: US, MARY, TAES, NY, VT. Also US (Stieber 1971).

984. Epigaea repens L. 1753. Shr.467, B&B.262

(Trailing Arbutus)

Native evergreen plant. In low, moss-hugging clumps. Considered woody, but not noticeably.

Habitat: "Sandy woods, or sometimes in rocky soil, especially in the shade of pines" (Gray 1867). "In sandy or rocky woods" (Britton 1901). North-facing mossy slopes in dry acidic woods.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Stony Run (Plitt 3/31/1899). Round Bay (Plitt 4/8/1899, 4/22/1899). Java Farm, infrequent at Fox Point and Hog Island, Higman 105, 567 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Beachwood Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (north-facing slopes above Berrys Pond & Ruckers Pond). Whitehall Creek (by Gov. Sharpes Millpond). Marley Branch, on bank s. of old millpond site 3/8/90). Brewer Creek watershed (on bank near road to Sherwood Forest waterworks). Cattail Creek watershed: near Oak Hill Elementary School pond 3/17/90.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

985. Gaultheria procumbens L. 1753. Shr.467, B&B.263

(Wintergreen, Creeping Wintergreen)

Prostrate or low trailing evergreen native plant. Considered woody, but not noticeably. Crushed leaf fragrant.

Habitat: "Cool damp woods, mostly in the shade of evergreens" (Gray 1867). "In woods, especially under evergreen trees" (Britton & Brown 1913). "In acid woods and thickets" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common in portions of Worcester, Wicomico and Anne Arundel Counties and in the Midland Zone, infrequent elsewhere" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Glen Burnie 9/1/1897, L. H. Knowlton (US) (Stieber 1967). Saw Mill Pond (Plitt 4/22/1899). Vicinity Elvaton (Plitt 7/2/1904). near Glenburnie bog (C. E. Waters 1905). Severn R. at Rt. 50, in moist woods 11/13/1949, E. P. Killip (US) (Stieber 1967). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991).Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Berry property). Sullivans Cove natural area. Severn Run Environmental Area, above Dicus Mill. Foxwell Road branch of Marley Branch 3/8/90. Martins Pond (Jones property). Lower Gumbottom/Plum Branch 10/15/88. Swamp at SW corner Boyd Pond (Longbottom pc 1991).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

986. Gaylussacia baccata (Wang) K. Koch 1869-72. B&B.264

[Gaylussacia resinosa (Ait.) Torr. & Gray 1843] Shr.467

(Andromeda baccata Wang. 1787)

(Black Huckleberry)

Low native deciduous shrub. Fruit black, glossy. Leaves thin, dull, oval, acute.

Habitat: "In woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). "In dry forests" (Shreve et al 1910). Dry sandy open woods; flat terrain and terraces.

Frequency: "Throughout the state, common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Manresa, small shrub in a moist woods 6/1/1966, Stieber 416 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck, moderately abundant under chestnut oak canopy, along estuary banks and on Hog Island, Higman 106, 110 (CBC) (Higman 1977). College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (dry terraces, Rucker property). Whitehall Creek (Gov. Sharpes Millpond). Smithsonian's Hog Island. Severn Run Environmental Area.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

987. Gaylussacia brachycera (Michaux) A. Gray 1846. B&B.264

[Buxella brachycera (Michaux) Small]

(Vaccinium brachycerum Michx. 1803)

(Box Huckleberry)

Low creeping native shrub with thick evergreen leaves resembling box.

Habitat: "Dry woods" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "Wooded hills" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Sandy woods" (Radford et al 1968).

Frequency: Rare; only one station has been known in Maryland.

Heritage Rating: 1988: A3 (Close to extinction throughout all or most of range). 1991: Endangered.

Records: Mossy, north-facing wooded slope off Druid Hill Road, below Lake Waterford. Noted by Plitt 7/2/1904, 4/29/1905. "Magothy Park Beach" 1921, 1924, 1938, 1949, 1952, 1961, Anonymous (US) (Stieber 1967). With Clethra, above clay scarp, south of stream, etc. 8/11/1989 (Sipple 1993). 2/12/1999: station has nearly died out, due to excessive shade; two plants left (Sipple 1999, p.353).

Sightings: East of Severn Run above Dicus Mill: three plants (two from Waterford) planted by Virginia Stibolt on upland site w/sheeplaurel, ca. 1979.

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

988. Gaylussacia dumosa (Andr.) Torr. & Gray 1848. Shr.467, B&B.266

(Vaccinium dumosum Andr. 1800)

(Dwarf Huckleberry, Bush Huckleberry)

Small native deciduous shrub. Leaves thick, shiny, blunt-tipped.

Habitat: "Sandy low soil" (Gray 1867). "Sandy swamps" (Britton 1901). "In sandy or rocky soil, often in swamps" (Britton & Brown 1913). "Sandy or rocky soil, sometimes in swamps, mostly on the Coastal plain" (Strausbaugh & Core 1958). "Moist to dry, sandy soils" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Mountain Zone" (Shreve et al 1910). "Coastal Zone" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Records: Fresh pond 3 mi. NW of Gibson I. 5/27/1953, E. P. Killip (US) (Stieber 1967). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

989. Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. & Gray 1843. Shr.467, B&B.264

(Vaccinium frondosum L. 1753)

(Dangleberry, Tangleberry)

Native deciduous shrub. Pale blunt leaves.

Habitat: "Low copses" (Gray 1867). "In moist woods" (Britton 1901). "In moist forests and thickets" (Shreve et al 1910). North-facing sandy woods, with G. baccata.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Shadyside, in a swampy woods 6/11/1950, L. B. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent Community Pond, along a creek 6/14/1966, Stieber 417 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent on Hog Island, Higman 111 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Bog, wetland control, and upland habitats at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Eagle Hill Bog; also at Angels Bog, Cypress Creek Savanna, Round Bay Bog (Whigham 1981). Cypress Creek Savanna, Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Severn Run (uplands above Dicus Mill Road). Smithsonian's Hog Island 6/11/87.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

990. Kalmia angustifolia L. 1753. Shr.466, B&B.257

(Sheeplaurel) Small native evergreen shrub.

Habitat: "In dry thickets" (Shreve et al 1910). "Dry to wet, nearly sterile soil, barrens, bogs" (Stieber 1971).

Frequency: "Western Shore District of the Midland Zone; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). (No doubt should read Coastal, not Midland).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Deleted. 2001: S3S4.

Records: Glen Burnie, bogs 6/6/1891, "E. C. Waters" (US) (Stieber 1967). Near Glen Burnie (Plitt 5/30/1899). Dry woods near Glenburnie Bog (C. E. Waters 1905). Saw Mill Pond (Plitt 5/26/1906). Glenburnie, Shreve 268 (Shreve et al 1910). 3 mi. NW of Gibson I., fresh Pond 5/27/1953, E. P. Killip (US) (Stieber 1967). Dicus Mill Road near Aurora Hills 6/28/1981, Steven R. Hill 10432 (MARY 047886). Upland and other habitats at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Cypress Creek Savanna (Whigham 1981). Blackhole Creek Bog (Broersma 1984). Beachwood Park, Lake Waterford Park, Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Sullivan Cove Pond. Colchester (watertower hill). Forked Creek (near Blue Lake). Indian Creek Branch (south side, midway). Sewell Spring Branch (near lower crossing). Severn Run (above Dicus Mill Road). Pointfield Landing natural area. Near Indian Landing. Picture Spring Branch (opposite Nevamar). Camp Whippoorwill. Between old Arundel Corporation sandpit and railroad tracks, Earleigh Heights. Jackson Grove Road area (Eric See, Dec. 1987). Yantz Creek (wooded point n. of swim club 1/14/89). Cutover woods, Eagle Hill. Near Foxwell Road branch of Marley Branch 3/8/90.

Herbaria: MARY. US (Stieber 1971).

991. Kalmia latifolia L. 1753. Shr.467, B&B.257

(Mountain Laurel) Large native evergreen shrub, rarely a small tree.

Habitat: "Dry forests and clearings, preferring gravel or thin rocky soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "Rocky or gravelly soil in acid woods" (Strausbaugh & Core 1958). Swales and cool, sheltered locations on well-drained acidic woodland soils.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; rare in the southern Eastern Shore, common throughout the remainder of the state" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Near Glen Burnie Pond (Plitt 5/30/1899, 5/26/1906). Manresa, 2-3 m. bushes at edge of the road and woods 6/1/1966, Stieber 415 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck, infrequent to moderately abundant along estuary shorelines, especially above tidal channel of Muddy Creek (under mixed hardwood canopy) and on Hog Island, Corn Island, and Fox point (under chestnut oak canopy), Higman 801 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Upland habitats at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Cypress Creek Savanna (Whigham 1981). College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Quiet Waters Park, Lake Waterford Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker, Berry property). Indian Creek Branch. Whitehall Creek (by Gov. Sharpes Millpond).

Smithsonian's Hog Island 6/11/87. Lake Waterford 8/13/88. Community College Woods 9/15/90. Woods Landing II at Little Magothy Feb. 1992 (specimens measured to over 20 ft.).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

992. Leucothoe racemosa (L.) A. Gray 1856. Shr.467, B&B.260

(Andromeda racemosa L. 1753)

[Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt. 1843]

(Swamp Leucothoe, Fetterbush) Native shrub.

Habitat: "Moist thickets" (Gray 1867). "In swamps and moist thickets" (Britton 1901). "Swamps, moist woods and thickets" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Coastal Zone; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Odenton, Shreve 1475 (Shreve et al 1910). Cypress Creek Savanna, Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et el 1991).

Sightings: Twin Harbors (in swale behind brick house on Doncaster Road). Forked Creek (near Blue Lake). Sewell Spring Branch (near path crossing). Jabez Branch (KOA property). Lake Waterford 8/13/88. Foxwell Road branch of Marley Branch 3/8/90. Sullivan Cove cedar swamp.

Herbaria: Shreve 1475 may be at MD.

993. Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC. 1839. B&B.258

(Vaccinium ligustrinum L. 1753)

[Xolisma ligustrina (L.) Britton 1894] Shr.467

(Andromeda ligustrina Muhl.)

(Maleberry, Privet Andromeda)

Native deciduous shrub. Capsules five-parted, dry, depressed-globose.

Habitat: "Swamps and low thickets" (Gray 1867). "In swamps and wet soil" (Britton 1901). "In swamps, moist forests and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). "Wet or dry thickets" (Stieber 1971).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Vicinity Elvaton (Plitt 7/2/1904). Shadyside, in a woods 6/11/1950, L. B. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Uplands at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog (Whigham 1981). Round Bay Bog, South Grays Bog (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Severn Run below Route 3 on 6/14/1987 (Sipple 1993). Governors Bridge gravel pits, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Cattail Creek (below R.R. tracks). Brewer Creek (dam of Sherwood Forest Pond).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

994. Lyonia mariana (L.) D.Don. B&B.258

(Andromeda mariana L. 1753)

[Neopieris mariana (L.) Britton]

[Pieris mariana (L.) Benth. & Hook. 1876] Shr.467

(Staggerbush)

Native deciduous shrub. Capsules five-parted, dry, somewhat conical.

Habitat: "Sandy low places" (Gray 1867). "In swamps and moist forests, prefering sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "Dry sandy or rocky woods" (Radford et al 1968).

Frequency: "Coastal Zone; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

County Occurrence: "Along the Patuxent between Anne Arundel and Prince George's Counties" (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910, P.164).

Records: Near Glen Burnie (Plitt 5/30/1899). Upland at Magothy headwaters 6/27/1987 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Eagle Hill Bog (one old plant below dam, died ca. 1984). Truxtun Park (found by D. H. Williams, extant 8/15/87).

995. Rhododendron nudiflorum (L.) Torr. 1824. B&B.253

(Azalea nudiflora L. 1762) Shr.466

(Pink Azalea)

Early-blooming native deciduous shrub; corolla pink, leaves dull.

Habitat: "In moist forests" (Shreve et al 1910). "In rocky or sandy woods" (Brown & Brown 1972). Cool, mossy sections of dry, acidic woods.

Frequency: "Throughout the state, being most frequent in the Coastal Zone and Lower Midland District" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Margin of bog at Glenburnie (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.185). Waysons Corner, 1 m. shrub in a thicket 5/21/1966, Stieber 413 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent on Fox Point and on west slope above upper tidal channel of Muddy Creek, Higman 102, 401 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Lake Waterford 5/6/1983 (Sipple 1993). College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park, Quiet Waters Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Whitehall Creek (near Gov. Sharpes Millpond).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

996. Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. 1824. B&B.255

(Azalea viscosa L. 1753) Shr.466

(Swamp Azalea, White Swamp Azalea, White Swamp-honeysuckle)

Summer-blooming tall slender native shrub; corolla white, leaf glossy.

Habitat: "Swamps, mostly near the coast" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "In swamps and moist forests" (Shreve et al 1910). Swampy thickets in sandy areas.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Near Glen Burnie (Plitt 5/30/1899). Magothy R., 7.5 mi. from Annapolis 7/9/1950, H. G. Deignan (US) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent Community Pond, 1 m. shrub, edge of a woods 6/14/1966, Stieber 414 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent at Fox Point, Higman 646 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Two county wooded-swamp stations mapped by Sipple 1978. North Grays Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Angels Bog (Whigham 1981). Cypress Creek Savanna, Round Bay Bog, South Grays Bog (Whigham 1981, Sipple & Klockner 1984). Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp (Sipple & Klockner 1984). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Lake Waterford Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Sullivan Cove (swamp above pond). Litz Lake ravine. Lake Waterford 8/13/88. Lower Plum/Gumbottom Branch 10/15/88. Head of Old Man Creek 6/14/1990 (Longbottom pc 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

997. Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton 1789. B&B.270

[Vaccinium pennsylvanicum Lam. var. angustifolium (Ait.) Gray]

(Low Sweet Blueberry, Late Low Blueberry)

Low native shrub; fruits ripen June-July (W.Va.); leaf narrow,

toothed.

Habitat: "A high mountain or boreal form" (Gray 1867). "Dry, open, rocky or sandy soil" (Strausbaugh & Core 1958). "Dry, rocky or poor soils and on peaty bogs" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Common in Western Maryland" (Brown & Brown 1972). This has not been confirmed for A.A.Co.

Records: Bog and other habitats at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Round Bay Bog, Angels Bog (Whigham 1981).

998. Vaccinium atrococcum (A. Gray) Heller 1894. B&B.274

[Vaccinium corymbosum L. var. atrococcum A. Gray 1856)

(Black Highbush Blueberry)

Large native deciduous shrub. Berries black, no bloom; leaf entire.

Habitat: "In swamps and wet woods" (Britton 1901). "Swamps, low woods and barrens" (Robinson & Fernald 1908).

Frequency: "Eastern part of state. Common but not abundant" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Records: Churchton, low woods at Cape Ann 4/25/1948, L. B. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Magothy R. banks, 2 m. shrub 7/2/1960, N. Hotchkiss & F. M. Uhler (US) (Stieber 1967). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

999. Vaccinium corymbosum L. 1753. Shr.467, B&B.272

(Highbush Blueberry, Swamp Blueberry)

Large native deciduous shrub. Berries blue-black, glaucous.

Habitat: "Swamps and low thickets" (Gray 1867). "Acid soils" Petrides 1958). "Swamps, bogs, moist woods; not common in dry uplands" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; most common in the Coastal Zone, frequent in the Midland and Mountain Zones" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Ivy Neck, solitary on south shore of Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 845 (CBC) (Higman 1977). One South River wooded-swamp station mapped by Sipple 1978. North Grays Bog, Round Bay Bog (Whigham 1981). Cypress Creek Savanna, Eagle Hill Bog, Angels Bog, South Grays Bog (Whigham 1981, Sipple & Klockner 1984). Cypress Creek Cedar Swamp (Sipple & Klockner 1984, Sipple 1999, p.370). Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986). Head of Lake Waterford 8/11/1989 (Sipple 1993). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991). Chartwell Branch Cedar Swamp 3/26/1991 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: By drained pond at Oak Hill Elementary School.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

1000. Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton 1789. B&B.274

[Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Aiton) Pursh 1814] Shr.468

(American Cranberry; Large Cranberry)

Native trailing evergreen shrub.

Habitat: "Peat bogs" (Gray 1867). "Open bogs, swamps and wet shores"

(Robinson & Fernald 1908).

Frequency: "Indigenous in the bogs of the Mountain Zone" (Shreve et al 1910).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: "Cypress Swamp near Round Bay...an arm of the Magothy", Plitt 5/28/1904; see Sipple 1999, p.354. Fresh pond 2 mi. NW of Gibson I. 9/26/1950, N. Hotchkiss (US) (Stieber 1967). Cypress Creek Savanna, Round Bay Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Angels Bog, South Grays Bog (Whigham 1981, Sipple & Klockner 1984). Picture Spring Branch (Nevamar Pond - one plant; Ecological Analysts 1983). Angels Bog 6/10/1992, 8/7/1992 (Sipple 1993). Cypress Creek Savanna 6/10/1992 (Sipple 1993). Arden Bog 1998 (Sipple 1999, p.382).

Sightings: Forked Creek (shrub border of Blue Lake). Angels Bog 9/30/1990 (Longbottom pc). Round Bay Bog (Longbottom pc 1991).

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).

1001. Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. B&B.270

(Vaccinium myrtilloides Man.)

(Vaccinium myrtilloides Hook. 1834)

(Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. 1874)

(Vaccinium canadense Kalm)

(Velvetleaf Blueberry, Canada Blueberry, Thin-leaved Bilberry)

Deciduous shrub. Leaves entire, velvety and whitened beneath.

Habitat: "Usually in swamps or wet woods, sometimes on uplands, frequent at high elevations in the mountain counties [of W. Va.]" (Strausbaugh & Core 1958).

Frequency: "Known only from the Mountain Zone." (Brown & Brown 1972).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: Location probably near Forest Home (Plitt 5/2/1903).

1002. Vaccinium stamineum L. 1753. Shr.468, B&B.268

[Polycodium stamineum (L.) Greene]

(Deerberry, Squaw Huckleberry)

Native deciduous shrub; leaf entire, corolla bell-shaped, fruit greenish, not edible.

Habitat: "Dry woods" (Gray 1867). "In dry woods and thickets" (Britton 1901). "In dry forests and thickets" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Waysons Corner, 3-4 dm. shrubby growth in a woods 5/21/1966, Stieber 418 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Java Farm, infrequent along cut banks of old Muddy Creek Road and on upper slopes of Muddy Creek valley, Higman 647, 671 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park, Quiet Waters Park, Lake Waterford Park, Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Woods near Crystal Springs Road (off Forest Drive) 5/22/1992.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

1003. Vaccinium vacillans Torr. B&B.272

(Vaccinium vacillans Kalm.) Shr.468

(Vaccinium vacillans Solander)

(Early Low Blueberry)

Low native green-stemmed deciduous shrub.

Habitat: "Dry woodlands, especially in sandy soil" (Gray 1867). "In dry soil" (Britton 1901). Crest of dry, mossy, often north-facing acidic slopes.

Frequency: "Midland and Mountain Zones, being most abundant in the latter" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Rt. 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, 2-5 dm. colonial shrub in an open sandy pine-oak woods 7/1/1966, Stieber 419 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, moderately abundant on Fox Point, Higman 1240 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Upland and other habitats at North Grays Bog, South Grays Bog, Angels Bog, Eagle Hill Bog, Cypress Creek Savanna (Whigham 1981). College Creek Woods (Williams 1986a). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property). Steep bank of Weems Creek near stadium outfall 4/2/92.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

1004. Vaccinium vacillans Torr. var. crinitum Fern. B&B: unlisted.

(Early Low Blueberry) Native shrub.

Records: Manresa, 1-2 m. shrub in a moist woods 6/1/1966, Stieber 420 (LCU) (Stieber 1967).

Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971).

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