Compiled by Colby B. Rucker Preface: Use of Copyrighted Material

(Mimosa, Silk-tree)

Asiatic (or African) spreading tree escaped from cultivation.

Habitat: "Escaping freely in Southern Maryland fields and waste places" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: Common on waste places in 1960's, now much reduced by wilt disease.

Records: E. of Upper Marlboro, "probably escaped", July 1926, E. T. Wherry (US) (Stieber 1967). Manresa, small tree in open woods 7/1/1966, Stieber 286 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Clearing near Rucker's Pond). Community College Woods (Edge of field) 9/15/90.

Herbaria: US (Stieber 1971).
81. Caesalpiniaceae (Senna Family).
733. Cassia fasciculata Michx. 1803. B&B.558

[Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene 1903]

(Cassia chamaechrista L.) Shr.445

(Large-flowered Partridge-pea)

Native annual branching herb. 1" yellow flowers.

Habitat: "Sandy fields" (Gray 1867). "In open dry situations" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Jaques 1959).

Frequency:

Records: No locale, Oct. 1879, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Throughout CBC; infrequent in recently abandoned fields and along roads or tractor trails, Higman 16 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991). Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (clearing near Ruckers Pond).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
734. Cassia nictitans L. 1753. Shr.445, B&B.558

[Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench 1794]

(Small-flowered Partridge-pea, Wild Sensitive Plant, Sensitive Pea)

Native annual herb. Small (Less than 1/2") yellow flowers.

(Redbud, Judas-tree) Native tree.

Absent from much of the county, nowhere abundant.

(Guilandina dioica L. 1753)

(Kentucky Coffeetree)

Large rough-barked tree with twice-pinnate leaves.

(Aeschynomene hispida Willd.)

(Sensitive Joint-vetch) Erect annual herb with odd-pinnnate leaves.

Habitat: "Along rivers" (Gray 1867). "River banks" (Britton 1901). "In the fresh marshes of tidal rivers" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Coastal Zone; infrequent" (Shreve et al 1910). Now very rare.

Heritage Rating: 1988: A2 (Nationally threatened). 1991: Endangered. 1994: S1 - Highly State Rare. Endangered.

Records: One A. A. Co. station (1919); site searched 1979, plant not found (Broome et al Dec. 1979).
738. Amorpha fruticosa L. 1753. B&B.188

(False Indigo, Indigo-bush)

Tall native shrub with odd-pinnate leaves.

Habitat: "River banks" (Gray 1867). "Along streams" (Britton 1901). Sunny thickets along shores, above tidal influence.

Frequency: "escaping from cultivation in Maryland; uncommon" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Records: "Along the banks of the Rhode River" (Stieber 1971). Ivy Neck, infrequent along landward margin of sandy shore, near Locust Point; also in old yard at Gresham Estate near Mayo (probably persistent after cultivation); Higman 1063,1396 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Marsh at Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986). Near mayo 9/29/1987 (Sipple 1993). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989).

Sightings: Along shore at Meadow Point, near Rt. 450 bridge (built 1926) over Severn 7/29/1991, with Baccharis & Iva.

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
739. Amphicarpa bractea (L.) Fernald B&B.597

[Falcata comosa (L.) Kuntze 1891) Shr.448

[Amphicarpa monoica (L.) Ell. 1817]

[Amphicarpa monoica (L.) Nutt.]

(Glycine bracteata L. 1753)

(Hog-peanut)

Native twining perennial vine. Three leaflets. Racemes of purplish flowers.

Habitat: "Rich woodlands" (Gray 1867). "Moist thickets" (Britton 1901). "In moist forests and flood plains" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: "Freshwater banks of Muddy Creek" (Stieber 1971). Java Farm, infrequent along banks of north fork of Muddy Creek; Star Co. tract, infrequent in fresh marsh (O'Neill Marsh); Higman 92, 1044 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Picture Spring Branch (Nevamar Pond; Ecological Analysts 1983). Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Dirt road to Round Bay Bog (Longbottom, pc 1991). Truxtun Park (Williams, pc 1991). Along stream below Lake Waterford (Longbottom, pc 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
740. Apios americana Medic B&B.593

(Apios tuberosa Moench 1794)

[Apios apios (L.) MacM. 1892] Shr.449

(Glycine apios L. 1753)

(Wild Bean, Ground-nut, American Potato-bean)

native perennial twining vine. 5-7 leaflets. Racemes of brown-purple flowers.

(Sophora tinctoria L. 1753

(Yellow wild-indigo) Native perennial branching herb.

Habitat: "Sandy dry soil" (Gray 1867). "In dry forests and open situations, being most common in sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Rt. 3, S. of jct Rt. 424, sandy soil 7/21/1966, Stieber 290 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent at Fox Point, under chestnut oak canopy, Higman 431 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Xyric site near Catherine Avenue at Magothy headwaters 7/31/1989 (Sipple 1993). Beachwood Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991). Area NW of Earleigh Heights Road & bike trail 7/28/1991 (Sipple 1993).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

742. Clitoria mariana L. Shr.448, B&B.595

(Butterfly-pea) Perennial herb, trailing or twining.

Habitat: "Dry banks" (Gray 1867). "Dry soil" (Britton 1901). "In dry forests, preferring sandy soil" (Shreve 1901).

Frequency: "Frequent in the Coastal Zone, rare in the Midland" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Furnace Branch (Plitt 7/19/1899). Hillside adjacent to..."cranberry bog" at Cypress Creek, C.C.Plitt 7/23/1904; see Sipple 1999, p.355.
743. Coronilla varia L. 1753 Shr.446, B&B.572

(Crown vetch, Axseed)

Perennial branching herb. Naturalized from Europe.

Habitat: "Roadsides and waste places" (Britton & Brown 1913).

Frequency: "Occasional in waste places, along roads and around old houses where it escapes from cultivation" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Downs Park, Old Forge Bridge (Longbottom 1993).
744. Crotolaria sagittalis L. 1753 Shr.445, B&B.558

(Rattlebox) Native annual branching herb.

(Spartium scoparium L. 1753)

(Scotch Broom) Wiry shrub naturalized from Europe.

Habitat: "In waste places" (Britton 1901). "In cultivated grounds" (Shreve et al 1910). Banks and roadsides.

Records: "About three miles west of Annapolis...along the highway and railroad, and seems to be spreading" (M. A. Chrysler, in Shreve et al 1910; p.191). "Annapolis (M. A. Chrysler)" (Shreve et al 1910).

Sightings: Roadsides, Old Generals Highway. Lindamoor (promontory toward bridge). Along Rt. 100 toward Marley Creek (Longbottom, pc 1991).

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993).

[Meibomia canadensis, (L.) Kuntze 1891]

(Hedysarum canadense L. 1753).

(Canadian Tick Trefoil, Showy-flowered Tick-trefoil)

Native erect, pubescent perennial herb. 2-7 ft. tall.

Habitat: "Dry, rich woods" (Gray 1867). "Thickets and river-banks" (Britton 1901). "In thickets, fields and pastures" (Jaques 1959).

Frequency: A weed (Jaques 1959).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: "Infrequent along roads, Java Farm" (Stieber 1971). Java Farm, infrequent along old entrance road, through mixed hardwood forest, Higman 40 (CBC)(Higman 1977).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1981).
747. Desmodium canescens (L.) DC 1825 B&B.576

[Meibomia canescens (L.) Kuntze 1891] Shr.447

(Hedysarum canescens L. 1753)

(Hoary Tick Trefoil) Native perennial herb.

[Desmodium obtusum (Muhl.) DC]

[Meibomia obtusa (Muhl.) Vail 1892]

(Hedysarum ciliare Muhl. 1803)

(Hedysarum obtusum Muhl. 1803)

(Hairy Small-leaved Tick-trefoil)

Pubescent erect bushy native herb, 1-3 ft.

Habitat: "Dry hills and sandy fields" (Robinson & Fernald 1908). "Dry sandy woods and clearings" (Grimm 1968). "Dry soils, mostly in open woods" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Common" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Beverly-Triton Beach (Longbottom 1993).
749. Desmodium glabellum (Michx.) DC. B&B.578

(Meibomia glabella Kuntze 1891)

(Hedysarum glabellum Michx. 1803

(Trailing Tick Trefoil) Procumbent native perennial herb.

[Desmodium grandiflorum (Walt.) DC.]

[Meibomia grandiflora (Walt.) Kuntze 1891] Shr.447

(Desmodium acuminatum DC 1825)

(Hedysarum acuminatum Michx, 1803)

(Hedysarum grandiflorum Walt. 1788)

(Pointed-leaved Tick Trefoil) Perennial herb.

Habitat: "Rich woods" (Gray 1867). "In dry or rocky woods" (Britton 1901). "In dry forests and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state, frequent." "Rare on Eastern Shore...frequent in Midland in Midland and Mountains." (Brown & Brown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: Java Farm, moderately abundant along old entrance road, through mixed hardwood forest, Higman 34, 36 (CBC) (Higman 1977). "Along roads at Java Farm" (Stieber 1971).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1871
751. Desmodium laevigatum (Nutt.) DC 1825 B&B.578

[Meibomia laevigata (Nutt.) Kuntze 1891]

(Hedysarum laevigatum Nutt. 1818)

(Smooth Tick-trefoil) Tall native perennial herb.

[Meibomia nudiflora (L.) Kuntze] Shr.447

(Naked-flowered Tick-trefoil)

Slender native perennial herb.

[Meibomia paniculata (L.) Kuntze 1891) Shr.447

(Hedysarum paniculatum L. 1753)

(Panicled Tick-trefoil) Slender native perennial herb.

[Meibomia dillenii (Darl.) Kuntxe 1891] Shr.447

(Desmodium dillenii Darl. 1837)

(Dillen's Tick-trefoil) Erect perennial herb.

(Meibomia michauxii Vail 1896)

(Prostrate Tick-trefoil, Round-leaved Tick-trefoil)

Native perennial herb. Stem trailing. Leaves thin, pubescent, nearly orbicular. Flowers purple.

756. Desmodium strictum (Pursh) DC. 1825. B&B.576

[Meibomia stricta(Pursh) Kuntze 1891]

(Hedysarum strictum Pursh 1814)

(Stiff Tick-trefoil) Native perennial herb.

Habitat: "Pine barrens" (Britton 1901). "In sandy pine barrens" (Stieber 1971).

Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly State Rare). 1991: Endangered.

Records: Near St. James Church, in clay at the edge of a cornfield 9/16/1966, Stieber 306 (LCU) (Stieber 1967).

Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971).
757. Desmodium viridiflorum (L.) DC. B&B.578

[Desmodium viridiflorum (L.) Beck.]

[Meibomia viridiflora (L.) Kuntze 1891] Shr.447

(Hedysarum viridiflorum L. 1753)

(Velvety Tick-trefoil) Perennial herb.

Habitat: "Dry woods" (Britton 1901). "Dry forests and open situations" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal Zone, infrequent in the Midland" (Shreve et al 1910). Now rare.

Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly State Rare). 1991: Highly Rare.

Records: Listed (1990) by Jug bay Wetlands Sanctuary as occurring on property.
758. Galactia regularis (L.) BSP. Shr.449, B&B.600

(Galactia glabella Michx.)

(Milk-pea) Prostrate perennial herbaceous vine.

Habitat: "Sandy woods" (Gray 1867). "In dry sandy soil" (Britton 1901).

Frequency: "Frequent on the Eastern Shore; also in the W-B area" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: North County (Plitt 7/19/1899). "Near Elvaton (Robert K. Miller)" (Shreve et al 1910). Odenton, in dry woods near Nevamar sandpit 7/22/1989, Longbottom 300 (AACC). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Herbaria: AACC.
759. Galactia volubilis (L.) Britton 1894. Shr.449, B&B.600

[Galactia mollis (L.) Nutt. 1818, not Michx. 1803]

(Hedysarum volubile L. 1753)

(Downy Milk-pea)

Native twining perennial herbaceous vine.

Habitat: "Dry shady soils" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Infrequent on the Coastal Plain, rare on Piedmont" (Brown & @rown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 1988: B2 (Highly State Rare). 1991: Endangered.

County Occurrence: "Reported from Anne Arundel County" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: "Odenton (M. A. Chrysler)" (Shreve et al 1910). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).
760. Gleditsia tricanthos L. 1753 Shr.445, B&B.186

(Honey Locust, Sweet Locust)

Large thorny-trunked tree. Leaves pinnately compound. The unarmed var. inermis is usually seen in cultivation and often escapes.

Habitat: "In woods, fields, and fence rows" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; being most frequent in the Upper Midland District" (Shreve et al 1910). "Escaped from cultivation and now well established in Maryland" (Brown & Brown 1972).

Records: Smithsonian property (See 1993 index to CBC herbarium).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed: Rucker property (Lot 706) one specimen, apparently var. inermis, ca. 7 ft. tall, from seed; origin unknown.

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993).
761. Lathyrus latifolius L. 1753 B&B.591

(Everlasting Pea, Perennial Pea)

Herbaceous perennial twining vine. Native of southern Europe.

Flowers purple to white, often rose; not fragrant. One pair of leaflets. Stem winged, to 8 ft.

Perennial herb planted for wildlife and escaping.

(Round-headed Bush-clover, Roundhead Lespedeza)

Large erect native perennial herb.

Habitat: "Dry and sandy soil" (Gray 1867). "Dry fields" (Britton 1901).

Frequency: "Reported from counties between the Fall Line and the Bay; infrequent" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State Declining). 1991: Deleted.

Records: Manresa, along sandy shore of Severn 9/9/1966, Stieber 307 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Rt. 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, in sandy area 10/29/1966, Stieber 308 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Fishing Creek Farm "a few plants on poor dry soil near Duvall Creek" (Williams 1966). Marley Creek Swamp (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Fairly abundant in old fields at Patuxent Park off Sands Road (Williams pc 1986). "A few plants at beginning of interpretive trail at Sandy Point with Narrow-leaved Sunflower" (Williams pc 1986).

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). LCU (Stieber 1971).
764. Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont) G. Don B&B.585

(Sericea Lespedeza)

Perennial herb planted for erosion control and escaping.

Habitat: "Sandy areas and roadsides" (Stieber 1971).

Records: Rt 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, branching 1.5 m. tall in sand 9/2/1966, Stieber 309 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Patuxent R. at Rt. 50, sandy clay 10/29/1966, Stieber 310 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Star Co. tract, infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields and clearings, Higman 123, 372 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Marley Creek Swamp, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Sightings: Truxtun Park 8/15/87.

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
765. Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. B&B.585

[Lespedeza hirta (L.) Ell.] Shr.448

(Hairy Bush-clover) Herb.

Habitat: "Dry hillsides" (Gray 1867). "Dry Soil" (Britton 1901). "Dry soils, open or partial shade" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal Zone, infrequent in the Midland and Mountain Zones" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Beachwood Park, Jacobsville Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits (Longbottom 1991).

Sightings: Waste places along Forest Drive, Annapolis (Williams, pc 1991).
766. Lespedeza intermedia (S. Wats.) Britton B&B.585

(Wand lespedeza) Perennial herb.

767. Lespedeza nuttallii Darl. 1837. Shr.448,B&B.585

(Nuttall's Bush-clover, Nuttall's Lespedeza)

Native perennial herb.

(Trailing Bush-clover, Trailing Lespedeza)

(Hedysarum repens L. 1753)

(Creeping Bush-clover, Creeping Lespedeza)

Native trailing perennial herb.

Possibly a hybrid of L. virginica & L. capitata (Gleason & Cronquist 1963).

(Intermediate Lespedeza)

Records: Manresa, dense groups in open sandy area 6/20/1966, Stieber 314 (LCU) (Stieber 1967).

Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971).
771. Lespedeza steuvei Nutt. Shr.447, B&B.585

(Steuve's Bush-clover) Perennial herb.

(Korean Lespedeza)

(Japanese Clover)

Annual herb introduced from Asia.

Habitat: "In cultivated grounds and along roadsides" (Shreve et al 1910). "Along roads and in dry soils" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Throughout the state, common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991).
774. Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britton 1893. Shr.448, B&B.585

(Medicago virginica L. 1753)

(Slender Bush-clover, Slender Lespedeza)

Slender native perennial herb.

(Wild Lupine)

Native erect perennial herb.

Habitat: "In dry sandy soils" (Britton 1901). "Mostly in sandy soil, widely distributed" (Jaques 1959). "Chiefly in dry open woods and roadsides" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Heritage Rating: 2001: S2 (State rare) Threatened.

Frequency: "Throughout the state, being most abundant on the light soils of the Western Shore district of the Coastal Zone' (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959). Now extremely scarce in A. A. Co.

Records: Between Glen Burnie and the pond (Plitt 4/22/1899, 5/1/1906, 5/10/1910, 5/21/1918, 5/29/1920: see Sipple 1999, p.338). Curtis Bay (A. A. Co.? Plitt 5/13/1899). Marley Area (Plitt 5/12/1900, 5/5/1905: see Sipple 1999, p.338). Between Elvaton & Lake Waterford (Plitt 6/6/1905, 4/29/1922: see Sipple 1999, p.338). Between Naval Academy Junction Station & Benfield (Plitt 5/16/1908: see Sipple 1999, p.338). Between Naval Academy Junction Station and Sappington (Plitt 5/15/1909: see Sipple 1999, p.338).

Sightings: Picture Spring Branch; Nevamar sand pit (D. H. Williams, pc ca. 1991). Transmission line r/w at Odenton (Sipple 6/21/1998; see Sipple 1999, p.340).
776. Medicago lupulina L. 1753 Shr.445, B&B.567

(Black Medic)

Low annual or winter annual herb, naturalized from Europe and Asia.

Stems prostrate. Very small yellow flowers. Leaflets 3, serrated.

(White Sweet-clover, White Melilot)

Tall (3-8 ft.) herb naturalized from Europe. Flowers white, in spiked racemes. Leaflets 3, serrated.

Habitat: "Waste or cultivated grounds" (Gray 1867). "In cultivated grounds and waste places" (Shreve et al 1910). φn sandy fields, on roadsides, and open lots" (Fogg 1956).

Frequency: "Throughout the state, common" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959).

Records: No locale 6/8/1880, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Waysons Corner at Hills Bridge 6/11/1950, W. A. Gentner (US) (Stieber 1967). Near St. James Church, near a field, no date, Stieber 299 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck, moderately abundant along unshaded roadsides and around buildings, Higman 361 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991). Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
778. Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. 1778. Shr.446, B&B.566

[Melilotus officinalis (L.) Willd.]

(Trifolium melilotus officinalis L. 1753)

(Yellow Sweet-clover)

Tall annual or biennial herb naturalized from Europe. Flowers yellow, in spiked racemes. Leaflets 3, serrated.

Habitat: waste or cultivated grounds" (Gray 1867). "In cultivated grounds and waste places" (Shreve et al 1910). Fields, roadsides.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; frequent" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959).

Records: Manresa, common along and in RR tracks, gravelly clay 6/1/1966, Stieber 300 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck, moderately abundant to infrequent along unshaded roads and around buildings, Higman 511, 700 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
779. Phaseolus polystachyus (L.) BSP. 1888. B&B.595

[Phaseolus perennis (L.) Walt. 1788]

(Dolichos polystachyus L. 1753)

(Wild Bean) Native climbing herbaceous perennial vine. Purple flowers.

Native climbing herbaceous perennial vine. Purple flowers.

Habitat: "Copses" (Gray 1967). "In thickets" (Britton 1901). Dry open woods.

Heritage Rating: 1988: C (State declining). 1991: Watchlist.

Records: Java Farm, solitary on floodplain of North Fork of Muddy Creek, above old entrance road bridge, Higman 178 (CBC) (Higman 1977). "The valley of Muddy Creek" (Stieber 1971).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).

780. Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi B&B.600

[Pueraria thunbergiana (Sieb. & Zucc.) Benth.]

(Kudzu-vine)

Native of China. High-climbing perennial vine.

Habitat: Overwhelms shrubs and trees on banks, thickets and woodland borders. Apparently only spreads vegetatively.

Sightings: Rt. 214 near Patuxent R. bridge. Chase Creek watershed; wooded swamp at Berry property, & ravine W. of Old River Road, & deep ravine at Joyce Lane. Herald Harbor (Above Fox Creek shrub swamp). Route 648 at Round Bay Road. Muddy Creek Road. Sonneborn tract at Old County Road near Jones Station Road. Bestgate Road at historic house. Gibson Island 1990.
781. Rhynchosia tomentosa (L.) H. & A. 1835 B&B.593

[Rhynchosia tomentosa (L.) Torr. & Gray]

[Dolicholus tomentosus (L.) Vail 1899]

(Glycine tomentosa L. 1753)

(Twining Rhynchosia)

Native trailing and twining perennial herb. Yellow flowers.

(Black Locust, Yellow Locust)

Large native tree with odd-pinnate leaves.

Habitat: Intolerant; abandoned fields, woodland borders, roadsides, waste places; often an early successional species on poor soils.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; an introduced tree which is particularly abundant in cut-over forests and in waste grounds, but has spread so abundantly in the forests, particularly of the Midland Zone, as to appear to be native" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Near St. James Church, 5 m. tree at the edge of a field 9/16/1966, Stieber 303 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm & Ivy Neck; infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields and young forest, infrequent to absent in mature forest; co-dominant with American elm in calcareous area at Java Farm overlooking Rhode River (slave cemetery); locally abundant along Muddy Creek Road; Higman 264, 696, 1046 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989). Beachwood Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Lake Waterford Park, Governors Bridge gravel pits, Quiet Waters Park, Jacobsville Park (Longbottom 1991). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991`).

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed (Rucker property).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
783. Strophostyles helvola (L.) Ell. B&B.597

[Strophostyles helvola (L.) Britton 1897] Shr.449

[Phaseolus diversifolius (L.) Pers. 1807]

(Trailing Wild Bean)

Native herbaceous annual trailing or low-climbing vine.

Habitat: "Sandy fields and banks" (Gray 1867). "In dry open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). Dry to moist sandy thickets and shores.

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal Zone, rare in the Midland" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: No locale, 10/25/1879, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). South R. at Rt. 450, sandy roadside 9/14/1946, E. H. Walker (US) (Stieber 1967). Manresa, along RR tracks, in gravelly clay soil 9/9/1966, Stieber 322 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Ivy Neck, infrequent on sandy beaches of Rhode River, Higman 1014 (CBC) (Higman 1967). Three county brackish-marsh stations mapped by Sipple 1978. Fishing Creek Farm (Williams 1986b). Beachwood Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
784. Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britton 1907 Shr.449, B&B.597

(Phaseolus helvolus Torr. & Gray 1838, not L. 1753)

(Glycine umbellata Muhl. 1803)

(Pink Wild Bean, Perennial Mealybean)

Native perennial herbaceous vine.

Habitat: "Sandy fields" (Gray 1867). "In dry open situations" (Shreve et al 1910). Dry fallow fields.

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal Zone; infrequent in the Midland" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Ivy Neck, solitary in fallow field south of entrance road on Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 1116 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary (Mason et al 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
785. Stylosanthes biflora (L.) BSP, 1888. Shr.447, B&B.560

[Stylosanthes elatior (L.) Swartz 1789]

(Trifolium biflorum L. 1753)

(Pencil Flower)

Low native perennial herb. Small yellow terminal flowers.

Habitat: "Pine barrens" (Gray 1867). "In dry soil" (Britton 1910). "Dry forests, preferring sandy soil" (Shreve et al 1910). "Dry or rocky woods and barrens" (Stieber 1971). Open woods, fields, thickets.

Frequency: "Common in the Coastal Zone, infrequent in the Midland and Mountain Zones" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Rt. 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, sandy open area 7/21/1966, Stieber 317, (LCU) (Stieber 1967).

Sightings: Near graveyard on Old Annapolis Neck Road near Forest Drive, Annapolis by Williams & Longbottom 6/8/90.

Herbaria: CBC (CBC 1993). US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
786. Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. 1807. B&B.569

(Cracca virginiana L. 1753) Shr.446

(Goat's Rue) Erect perennial herb.

Habitat: "Dry sandy soil" (Gray 1867, Britton 1901). "In dry forests, preferring light soils" (Shreve et al 1910). "Dry woods and roadsides" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: Throughout; frequent on the Eastern Shore, and on the shaly soils of Allegany County" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Between Route 100 & Mountain Road 8/11/1989 (Sipple 1993).

Sightings: Odenton; Nevamar sand pit (Williams & Longbottom, pc 1991).
787. Trifolium agrarium L. 1753 Shr.446, B&B.566

(Yellow Hop Clover)

Erect, branching annual herb naturalized from Europe. Leaflets 3, serrated. Stems smooth. Ht. 6-12".

Habitat: "Sandy fields" Gray 1867). "In cultivated grounds and waste places" (Shreve et al 1910). "Common weed of field, meadow, lawn, roadside, and waste places" (Fogg 1956).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956, Jaques 1959).

Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971).
788. Trifolium arvense L. 1753. Shr.446, B&B.563

(Rabbit-foot Clover, Old-field Clover)

Erect, branching annual herb naturalized from Europe. Leaflets 3, serrated. Stems smooth. Ht. 6-12".

Habitat: "In fields and waste places" (Britton 1901). "Dry sandy or gravelly situations" (Fogg 1956). "In old fields and along roadsides, chiefly in dry soils" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956).

Records: No locale, 35 cm tall 6/8/1880, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Near St. James Church, matting and spreading in fields and grassy road embankments 6/11/1966, Stieber 292 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Ivy Neck, infrequent along tractor trail to grassy old field on Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 813 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Hancock's Resolution (Envirens 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
789. Trifolium campestre Schreber B&B.566

(Trifolium procumbens L. 1753) Shr.446

(Low Hop Clover)

Herb naturalized from Europe. Yellow flowers.

790. Trifolium dubium Sibth. 1794 B&B.566

[Trifolium procumbens L., var. minus Koch 1843]

(Low Hop-clover)

Annual herb naturalized from Europe. Yellow flowers.

Habitat: "In fields and waste places" (Britton 1901).

Frequency: A weed (Fogg 1956). "Infrequent south of the Fall Line" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989).
791. Trifolium hybridum L. 1753 Shr.446, B&B.563

(Alsike Clover, Alsatian Clover)

Erect, branching perennial herb introduced from Europe. White flowers. Leaflets notched at apex.

Habitat: "In meadows and waste places" (Britton 1901). "In cultivated grounds and waste places" (Shreve et al 1910). "A weed...an escape to fields, waste places, roadsides, lawns, and gardens" (Fogg 1956).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Farm area off Rt. 2, S. of Lothian, in fields and grassy roadside 5/21/1966, Stieber 294 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Near St. James Church in a field, grassy 6/11/1966, Stieber 294 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Ivy Neck, moderately abundant in grassy old field on Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 687, 689, 817 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Quiet Waters Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
792. Trifolium incarnatum L. B&B.562 (As var. elatius)

(Crimson Clover, Italian Clover)

Annual herb introduced from Europe.

Habitat: "In fields, waste places and ballast" (Britton 1901).

Frequency: "Grown occasionally as a cover crop in Southern Maryland and persisting briefly" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Quiet Waters Park (Longbottom 1991).
793. Trifolium pratense L. 1753. Shr.446, B&B.563

(Red Clover, Purple Clover, Meadow Clover)

Biennial or perennial herb naturalized from Europe. Leaflets bear a pale oval pattern on upper surface. Stems soft-hairy.

Habitat: "Fields and meadows; largely cultivated" (Gray 1867). "In cultivated grounds and waste places" (Shreve et al 1910). Roadsides.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956).

Records: Farm area off Rt. 2, S. of Lothian, along the road and near a field 5/21/1966, Stieber 295 (LCU) (Stieber 967). Ivy Neck, moderately abundant in grassy old field on Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 545, 695 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Quiet Waters Park, Poplar Ridge Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).
794. Trifolium pratense L. var. sativum

(Mill.) Schreb. B&B: Not listed.

(Cultivated Red Clover)

Records: "Infrequent along roads at Ivy Neck" (Stieber 1971). Java Farm, infrequent along new entrance road, Higman 203 (CBC) (Higman 1977).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
795. Trifolium repens L. 1753 Shr.446, B&B.563

(White Clover)

Low, creeping perennial herb naturalized from Europe. Flowers white to pink.

Habitat: "Fields and copses" (Gray 1867). "In fields and waste ground" (Britton 1901). Lawns, roadsides, and open places.

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910).

Records: Near St. James Church, in lawns and grassy fields 5/21/1966, Stieber 298 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Rt. 3, S. of jct. Rt. 424, sandy soil 6/20/1966, Stieber 297 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent to moderately abundant along old entrance road and Springhouse Road, Higman 673, 705, 706 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Jacobsville Park, Poplar Ridge Park, Quiet Waters Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. LCU.

(Vicia angustifolia Roth) Shr.448

(Vicia sativa L., var. angustifolia Ser. 1825

(Narrow-leaved Vetch, Smaller Common Vetch)

Annual vine naturalized from Europe. 1-2 large violet-purple flowers in axils of narrow leaves.

Habitat: "Cultivated fields and waste places" (Gray 1867). Roadsides.

Frequency: Infrequent throughout the state" (Shreve et al 1910). A weed (Fogg 1956).

Records: Magothy River 5/31/1876 & 6/8/1880, J. D. Smith (US) (Stieber 1967). Near St. James Church, along grassy roadside 6/11/1966, Stieber 318 (LCU) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, infrequent along old entrance road, near main building area, Higman 1165 (CBC) (Higman 1977). Quiet Waters Park (Longbottom 1991).

Herbaria: CBC. US & LCU (Stieber 1971).

797. Vicia cracea L. 1753. B&B.589

(Tufted Vetch, Cow Vetch)

Trailing perennial herb. Flowers in dense racemes.

(Vetch) Herbaceous vine naturalized from Europe.

(Large-flowered Vetch) Native of Europe.

[Vicia hirsuta (L.) S. F. Gray

(Ervum hirsutum L. 1753)

(Hairy Vetch)

Annual vine naturalized from Europe. Flowers in racemes.

Habitat: "In fields and waste places" (Britton 1901). "Fields, roadsides and waste places" (Stieber 1971).

Records: Near St. James Church, grassy area with V. angustifolia 5/21/1966, Stieber 320 (LCU) (Stieber 1967).

Herbaria: LCU (Stieber 1971).
801. Vicia sativa L. 1753. Shr.448, B&B.587

(Common Vetch)

Annual or winter annual vine; adventive from Europe. Flowers 1-2, in upper leaf axils.

Habitat: "Cultivated fields and waste places" (Gray 1867). "In cultivated grounds and roadsides" (Shreve et al 1910).

Frequency: "Throughout the state; common" (Shreve et al 1910). "Infrequent" (Brown & Brown 1984).

Records: Java Farm, infrequent along new entrance road, Higman 635 (CBC) (Higman 1977). "Infrequent along roads at Java Farm" (Stieber 1971). Back Creek watershed (Williams 1989).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
802. Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Moench 1794. B&B.589

(Slender Vetch) Annual vine naturalized from Europe.

(Hairy Vetch)

Annual or biennial herb introduced from Europe. Blue-violet flowers in racemes.

Habitat: "Fields, roadsides and waste areas" (Stieber 1971).

Records: Deale, climbing over weeds in a building area 9/23/1956, Ralph Cluly (US) (Stieber 1967). Java Farm, solitary beside entrance road; Ivy Neck, solitary in grassy field near parking area, Higman 719, 1246 (CBC) (Higman 1977).

Herbaria: CBC. US (Stieber 1971).
SYN. Wisteria sp. B&B.190

Introduced tall-climbing twining woody vine. Escaping vegetatively from cultivation.

(Japanese Wisteria)

High-twining woody vine, becoming quite thick. Lilac-blue racemes 10-18 in., unscented, open before leaves. Leaflets, pods, and shoots glabrous. Leaflets mostly 13-15, acuminate.

Habitat: Escape from cultivation; old gardens and adjacent thickets.

Sightings: Chase Creek watershed: Rucker property (Lot 707) 6/5/1993, spreading randomly.
805. Wisteria macrostachya Nutt. 1838 B&B.190

(Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachys (T. & G.) 1838)

[Kraunhia macrostachys (T. & G.) Small 1898]

Lilac racemes 8-12 in., scented, open sequentially after leaves. Leaflets, pods, and shoots pubescent when young. Leaflets 9, acuminate. Native to mississippi valley swamps.