Computer Basics 2014 Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved Table of Contents



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Programs run computers, without programs commanding the computer on what to do and the input data to the program, the computer would just be a screen and components. The programs that run computers are like recipes. These programs have a set of variables, which are like ingredients, and statements, which are like directions.


Computers may run other programs, which are also known as applications, which are meant to do other tasks. There are many types of programs, from programs that are used to create files like a letter or brochure to making a presentation. There are also programs created for entertainment, such as playing games, watching movies, or communicating with others.
In order for a program to work, there must be input of data. Much like a car, the car must have the key inserted and turned for the car to do anything. Once the car is on, the output is being able to drive or listen to the radio. In a program, information must be inserted for tasks to be done. When the information is inserted, it will display on the screen. You will soon click on the next objective, that inputs data that gives you the output of being able to move on to the next objective.

Once data is in, the file can be saved so that it can be opened or viewed later on. If a program has inserted information and is closed without saving, all that information will be lost.



Knowledge check



Programs are sets of instructions.



  • True

  • False









Which of the following options can be called data?



  • Text

  • Numbers

  • Images

  • All of the above






Answers –

#1 – True. Programs are sets of instructions that tell a computer what to do.

#2 – Text, numbers, and images are all data that can be used or created by programs.


Introduction to networks

Many employees need to print or share documents in their workspace in order to fulfill their tasks. Buying a printer and memory stick for every single employee would be very expensive and time consuming. Workspaces normally have a network, a network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files, or allow electronic communications. Networks allow all employees to share information while sitting at different desk, print to the same printer, and more.


Most networks, if not all, have the following components:

The size of the workplace matters because it will indicate whether you use a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN).

  • LAN

  • WAN




Server

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A Server

The main computer or drive that provides the services to all the other computers. The server is in charge of allowing devices or computers to access certain items.



Workstation

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Workstation

The actual device that is connected to the network.




Communication channel

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Communication channel

The path or link that actually connects computers or devices to transfer the information.




LAN

c:\users\jorgec\documents\github\microsoft\course1\aps\computer basics\sco1\en-us\content\content00014\lan.png

LAN

A small network that is confined to a small and limited area that is usually the size of a home or a small group of offices.




WAN

c:\users\jorgec\documents\github\microsoft\course1\aps\computer basics\sco1\en-us\content\content00014\wan.png

WAV

A very large network that can be connected throughout the whole world; via long wires, optical cables, or satellites. A great example of a WAN is the Internet.





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