Convention on biological diversity


Table 4. Drug Discovery and Development



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Table 4. Drug Discovery and Development





Average time (years)

Average # compounds

PhrMA member company investments ($bn)

Drug discovery


5 years

10,000

$11.0 billion

Pre-clinical

1.5

250

IND Submitted










Clinical Trials Phase I, II, III

6

5

14.1

NDA submitted










FDA Review

2

1

4.1

Large scale manufacturing/Phase IV

2

1

3.7

Source: PhRMA, 2005

Chart 1. Sales by all categories, drugs >$1 billion, 2003 and 2004

Source: Newman, 2005

B=biologicals; N = natural products without modification; ND = modified natural products; S= synthetic; S/NM= synthetic by natural product mimic; S*=natural product pharmacophore; S*/NM=natural product pharmacophore or mimic

Chart 2. New Chemical Entities 1981-2005

Source: Newman, 2005



BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY TABLES
Table 5.

Global biotechnology at a glance in 2004




Global

US

Europe

Canada

Asia-Pacific

Public company data














Revenues ($m)

54.613

42.740

7.729

2.091

2.052

R&D expense ($m)

20.888

15.701

4.151

782

253

Net loss ($m)

5.304

4.317

484

408

94

Number of employees

183.820

137.400

25.640

7.370

13.410


















Number of companies














Public companies

641

330

98

82

131

Private companies

3.775

1.114

1.717

390

554

Public and private companies

4.416

1.444

1.815

472

685

Source: Ernst and Young, 2005


Table 6. World’s Top 10 Biotechnology Companies


Company

2002 sales (US $millions)

Amgen

5.523

Genentech

2.212

Amersham

2.305

Serono

1.546

Genzyme

1.329

Chiron

1.276

Biogen

1.148

MedImmune

848

Invitrogen

649

Cephalon

507

Source: ETC Group, 2003



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