10References -
6bone – The testbed for deployment of IPv6,
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Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA),
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IPv6 & Linux – Howto,
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IPv6 Information Page,
Literature -
W. Biemolt, M. Kaat, R. van der Pol, H.Steenman, “A Guide to the Introduction of IPv6 in the IPv4 World”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-introduction-to-ipv6-transition-01.txt (work in progress).
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S. Berson, “RSVP and Integrated Services with IPv6 Flow Labels”, draft-berson-rsvp-ipv6-fl-00.txt (work in progress)
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D. Borman, S. Deering, R. Hinden, “IPv6 Jumbograms”, RFC 2675, August 1999.
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J. Bound, C. Perkins, “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)”, draft-ietf-dhc-dhcpv6-14.txt (work in progress)
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R. Braden, L. Zhang, S. Berson, S. Herzog, S. Jamin, “Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP)”, RFC 2205, September 1997
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B. Carpenter, K. Moore, “Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds without Explicit Tunnels”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-6to4-02.txt (work in progress).
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B. Carpenter, C. Jung, “Transmission of IPv6 over IPv4 Domains without Explicit Tunnels”, RFC 2529, March 1999.
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A. Conta, S. Deering, “Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification”, RFC 2463, December 1998.
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M. Crawford, “Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks”, RFC 2464, December 1998
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M. Crawford, C. Huitema, S. Thomson, “DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation and Renumbering”, draft-ietf-ipngwg-dns-lookups-04.txt (work in progress).
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S. Deering, R. Hinden, “Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification”, RFC 2460, December 1998.
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R. Gilligan, E. Nordmark, “Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-mech-04.txt (work in progress).
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R. Hinden, S. Deering, “IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture”, RFC 2373, July 1998.
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R.Hinden, M. O’Dell, S. Deering, “An IPv6 Aggregatable Global Unicast Address Format”, RFC 2374, July 1998.
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C. Huitema, “IPv6, The New Internet Protocol”, Second edition, Prentice-Hall 1998.
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D. Johnson, C. Perkins, “Mobility Support in IPv6”, draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-08.txt (work in progress).
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C. Karlsson, “RFI: Residential Gateway”, Telia Research AB, October 1998.
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S. Kent, R.Atkinson, “IP Authentication Header”, RFC 2402, November 1998.
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S. Kent, R. Atkinson, “IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)”, RFC 2406, November 1998.
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S. King, R. Fax, D. Haskin, W. Ling, T. Meehan, R. Fink, C. E. Perkins, “The Case for IPv6”, draft-ietf-iab-case-for-ipv6-04.txt (work in progress).
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H. Kitamura, A. Jinzaki, S. Kobayashi, “A SOCKS-based IPv6/IPv4 Gateway Mechanism”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-socks-gateway-02.txt (work in progress)
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T. Larder, “Transition Scenarios and Solutions”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-trans-scenes-00.txt (work in progress).
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T. Narten, E. Nordmark, W. Simpson, “Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6”, RFC 2461, December 1998.
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K. Nichols, S. Blake, F. Baker, D. Black, “Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers”, RFC 2474, December 1998.
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E. Nordmark, “Stateless IP/ICMP Translator (SIIT)”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-siit-06.txt (work in progress)
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W. Stallings, “Data and Computer Communications”, Fifth edition, Prentice-Hall 1997.
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S. Thomson, C. Huitema, “DNS Extensions to support IP version 6”, RFC 1886, December 1995.
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S. Thomson, Y. Rekhter, J. Bound, “Dynamic Updates in the Domain Name System (DNS UPDATE)”, RFC 2136, April 1997
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S. Thomson, T. Narten, “IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration”, RFC 2462, December 1998.
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L. Toutain, J. Bound, “Dual Stack Transition Mechanism”, draft-toutain-ngtrans-dstm-00.txt (work in progress)
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G. Tsirtsis, P. Srishuresh, “Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation (NAT-PT)”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-natpt-06.txt (work in progress)
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K. Tsuchiya, H. Higuchi, Y. Atarashi, “Dual Stack Hosts using the "Bump-in-the-Stack" Technique (BIS)”, draft-ietf-ngtrans-bis-00.txt (work in progress).
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C. Walton, “IPv6 - At the Starting Line”, Netware Connection, May 1999, pp 6-17.
Autoconfiguration Process
The autoconfiguration process described in Section 3.4.2 can also be visualized in a flowchart describing the steps involved – from activation of the interface to the final address assignment:
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Companies supporting IPv6
Numerous companies and institutions around the world have been working on IPv6 for a long time and have IPv6 implementations publicly available. An updated list is available at
http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/ipng-implementations.html.
IPv6 Stacks
There are many IPv6 stacks available today ranging from limited 1000 byte stacks intended for embedded systems to fully featured stacks for use in an ordinary operating system. Below, some of the available IPv6 stacks possibly suited for the future market of home networks are listed.
Stack
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Platform
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More information
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Linux kernel 2.2.12
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Linux
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http://www.linux.org
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KAME
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BSD Unix
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http://www.kame.net
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MSR IPv6 release 1.3
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Windows NT/2000
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http://www.research.microsoft.com/msripv6
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Trumpet Winsock 5.0
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Windows 95/98/NT/2000
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http://www.trumpet.com.au/index.html
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Epilogue Attaché Plus6™
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Integrated systems
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http://www.isi.com
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Applications
There are already several IPv6 enabled applications publicly available including web servers, web browsers, ftp servers/clients, router software etc. However, the experimental state of IPv6 makes many implementations very platform dependent. Therefore, it can be hard to find the applications suited for your specific needs. Below, some of the most common resources for IPv6 software are listed together with their targeted stack.
Target Stack
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Resource URL
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Linux
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http://www.inner.net/pub/ipv6/
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KAME
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ftp://ftp.kame.net/pub/kame/misc/
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MSR IPv6
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ftp://ftp.research.microsoft.com/users/msripv6/
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Transition Mechanisms
Implementation of various transition mechanisms are available or underway. The status of some selected implementations are shown below:
Transition Mechanism
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Implementation status
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More information
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NAPT-PT
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Available for FreeBSD (KAME stack) and Windows (MSRIPv6 stack)
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http://www.labs.bt.com/technical/nat_pt/
http://www.research.microsoft.com/msripv6
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DSTM (AIIH)
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Implementation underway and estimated for Linux and BSD in Q1 2000
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Jim Bound, bound@zk3.dec.com
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SOCKS 5
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Available for various platforms
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http://www.socks.nec.com/
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Application proxies
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Available in various applications such as Apache (www), squid (www), and sendmail (mail)
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http://www.apache.org/
http://squid.nlanr.net/
http://www.sendmail.org/
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Experimental Setup Details Node details
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rg
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win98
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win2k
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Role
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server/router
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client
|
client
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IPv4 Address(es)
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10.0.0.1, 131.115.159.40
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10.0.0.2
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10.0.0.3
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IPv6 Suffix
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200:f8ff:fe32:5fc
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210:4bff:fe71:3e2
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290:27ff:fe72:93b5
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OS
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Red Hat Linux 6.0
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Windows 2000 Professional RC2 (build 2128)
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Windows 98 SE
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Windows 2000 Professional RC2 (build 2128)
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IPv4 Stack
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kernel
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MS TCP/IP
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Trumpet Winsock 5.0
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MS TCP/IP
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IPv6 Stack
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kernel-2.2.12-7v6.rpm
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MSR IPv6 release 1.3
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Trumpet Winsock 5.0
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MSR IPv6 release 1.3
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Applications
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inet6-apps-0.36-2.rpm
net-tools-1.53_v6-1.rpm
radvd-0.5.0-2
bind-8.2-6.rpm
apache-1.3.9-1_v6.rpm
SOCKS 5 server
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MSR NAPT-PT
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Trumpet Winsock 5.0
Netscape 4.5
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MSR IPv6 kit:
ipv6.exe, ping6.exe, tracert6.exe
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Interface dumps Linux
root@rg> ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:F8:32:05:FC
inet addr:10.0.0.1 Bcast:10.255.255.255 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: fec0::1:200:f8ff:fe32:5fc/64 Scope:Site
inet6 addr: fe80::200:f8ff:fe32:5fc/10 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:218 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
Interrupt:9 Base address:0xfc80
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:E8:D9:AB:EB
inet addr:131.115.159.40 Bcast:131.115.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::200:e8ff:fed9:abeb/10 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:543434 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:136 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
Interrupt:9 Base address:0xff80
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:3924 Metric:1
RX packets:52 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:52 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
sit0 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4
inet6 addr: ::131.115.159.40/96 Scope:Compat
inet6 addr: ::127.0.0.1/96 Scope:Unknown
inet6 addr: ::10.0.0.1/96 Scope:Compat
UP RUNNING NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
Windows 2000
Interface 4:
uses Neighbor Discovery
link-level address: 00-90-27-72-93-b5
preferred address fe80::290:27ff:fe72:93b5, infinite/infinite
preferred address fec0::1:290:27ff:fe72:93b5, infinite/604464s
link MTU 1500 (true link MTU 1500)
current hop limit 64
reachable time 15500ms (base 30000ms)
retransmission interval 1000ms
DAD transmits 1
Interface 3:
uses Neighbor Discovery
link-level address: 10.0.0.3
preferred address fe80::a00:3, infinite/infinite
link MTU 1280 (true link MTU 1280)
current hop limit 128
reachable time 34000ms (base 30000ms)
retransmission interval 1000ms
DAD transmits 1
Interface 2:
does not use Neighbor Discovery
link-level address: 0.0.0.0
preferred address ::10.0.0.3, infinite/infinite
link MTU 1280 (true link MTU 1280)
current hop limit 128
reachable time 0ms (base 0ms)
retransmission interval 0ms
DAD transmits 0
Interface 1:
does not use Neighbor Discovery
link-level address:
preferred address ::1, infinite/infinite
link MTU 1460 (true link MTU 0)
current hop limit 1
reachable time 0ms (base 0ms)
retransmission interval 0ms
DAD transmits 0
Acronyms
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AIIH
|
Assignment of IPv4 addresses to IPv6 hosts
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ALG
|
Application Level Gateway
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BIS
|
Bump in the Stack
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CIDR
|
Classless Inter-Domain Routing
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DHCP
|
Dynamic Host Configuration System
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DNS
|
Domain Name System
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DS
|
Differentiated Services
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DSTM
|
Dual Stack Transition Mechanism
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DSTM
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Dual Stack Transition Mechanism
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FTP
|
File Transfer Protocol
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IANA
|
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
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ICMP
|
Internet Control Message Protocol
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IETF
|
Internet Engineering Task Force
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IGMP
|
Internet Group Management Protocol
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IP
|
Internet Protocol
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IPv4
|
Internet Protocol version 4
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IPv6
|
Internet Protocol version 6
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ISP
|
Internet Service Provider
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LAN
|
Local Area Network
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MTU
|
Maximum Transmission Unit
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NAPT
|
Network Address Port Translator
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NAT
|
Network Address Translator
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ND
|
Neighbor Discovery
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NGTRANS
|
Next Generation Transition Working Group
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NIC
|
Network Interface Card
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OS
|
Operation System
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QoS
|
Quality of Service
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RFC
|
Request for Comments
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RG
|
Residential Gateway
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RPM
|
Redhat Package Manager
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SIIT
|
Stateless IP/ICMP translator
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SSN
|
Social Security Number
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TOS
|
Type of Service
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TTL
|
Time to Live
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UPnP
|
Universal Plug and Play
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