Dissertation
The feedback loop between industry 4.0 and engineering education
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The feedback loop between industry 4.0 and engineering educationFigure 1 depicts the positive feedback loop between Industry 4.0 and engineering education. For the sake of national progress, it is possible to make the most of the feedback relationship. Success in the Fourth Industrial Revolution age can be secured by capacity building for internationally important contributions to 4IR technology, as shown in Figure 8 below. It's worth noting the several ways in which Industry 4.0 might improve the teaching of engineering (Salah et al., 2019). Incorporating fourth Industrial Revolution content into engineer-training programmes and using 4IR technology in educational delivery are two significant complimentary approaches. Figure 2.9 Feedback Loop Between Industry 4.0 And Engineering Education Sources: (Gajek et al., 2022) Disruptive technologies in the automotive industryThe automobile industry is at a crossroads(Goswami et al., 2020). Some of the disruptive forces reshaping the automotive industry ecosystem on a global and regional scale (Schütze et al., 2022). This include the technological revolution, shifting ideas about mobility, shifting consumption patterns (where there is a growing interest in protecting the environment), energy efficiency, and infotainment(M. Li et al., 2021). Although the percentage of electric vehicles is still relatively low (1.3% of the 97.3 million vehicles manufactured globally in 2017), the crucial question is not if these technologies (included in the idea of Industry 4.0) will become dominant, but how quickly they will do so (Oztemel & Gursev, 2020). According to (Steffens et al., n.d.; Yeung, 2022). Three key concepts are the focus of the three megatrends that are propelling the automotive industry: (1) the quickening pace of digitalization (connectivity, autonomous driving, artificial intelligence, and new players from the digital economy); (2) new standards (electromobility) and radical changes to the traditional supply chain; and (3) shifts in the definition of mobility and consumption patterns (the extension of the supply chain, the collaborative economy, vehicle use versus purchase, and the erosion of brand loyalty). The increasing prevalence of digital components such as electronics and software in modern automobiles and other forms of transportation infrastructure is an important factor. As an illustration, the typical automobile now contains sixty microprocessors, which is four times as many as just ten years ago (Kurinjimalar Ramu & Selvam, 2022).The patented technologies of electrification, connection, autonomous driving, and diverse mobility will drastically alter the current market dynamics, where the additional value of a smartphone, assessed in euros per kilogramme, is 66 times more than an economy car. By 2020, about 75% of automotive production is expected to be for connected vehicles, and 95% of automobiles in developed countries (the United States, Western Europe, Japan, South Korea, and China) will have some kind of connectivity by the end of the next decade (Mastoi et al., 2022). As a result, the percentage of fully autonomous vehicles (levels 4-5) on the road is predicted to increase anywhere from 5% (a conservative estimate) to 26% (a liberal estimate), depending on how open customers are to the idea of shared mobility. Internet-connected vehicles make possible internet-based, data-driven mobility. Commercial vehicle services including entertainment, navigation, rescue, and management will be possible(U. Y. Khan et al., 2021). Thanks to this network's ability to improve drivers' awareness and reaction times, reduce traffic in congested areas, and monitor fleet operations. With the advent of new technologies such as the 5G network, the operation of vehicles will progress from assistance systems to fully autonomous driving systems(Guevara & Auat Cheein, 2020). Many assembly and manufacturing activities started moving from developed economies to developing ones in the 1960s in order to cut costs and increase their competitiveness. Although the trend is still present, the current state of affairs is more complicated. According to Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ECLAC (Artecona & Jorge, 2021) some multinational corporations and governments have re-evaluated the significance of manufacturing in the development of supply networks, technological capabilities, and the dynamic of innovation in national economies. Since China, the United States, Germany, Japan, and South Korea continue to dominate production, vehicle manufacture, supply, and particularly technological advancement, there is less polarisation in the market in terms of production and technological capabilities(Graham et al., 2021). Inter-industrial ties are nothing new, but there has never been this much exploration, innovation, or pace. German, Japanese, and American automobile industries highlighted the automation technology they would offer in the future (Attaran, 2021: J. Y. Yang et al., 2019). In addition, industries like Apple, Google, Uber, Intel, and Samsung are exploring the possibility of developing cars, parts, and services for connection and autonomous driving. (Petersen et al., 2019)Thanks to techniques like artificial intelligence, speech recognition, automated driving systems, and language translation, technological use in the automotive sector has improved tremendously. Download 2.1 Mb. Share with your friends:
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