Table 1 Profile of Costa Rica’s Indigenous Peoples with Potential to Enter ESP Program
Community
|
Territory
|
Number of Hectares
|
Population (e)
|
Bribris
|
Talamanca
|
43,690
|
6,579
|
Salitre
|
11,700
|
1,200
|
Cabagra
|
27,860
|
2,100
|
Kekoldi
|
3,500
|
180
|
Cabecares
|
Chirripo
|
77,973
|
8,000
|
Bajo Chiripo
|
18,783
|
N/A
|
Nairi-Awari
|
5,038
|
1000
|
Tayni
|
16,216
|
2,500
|
Telire
|
16,216
|
N/A
|
Kekoldi4
|
3,538
|
180
|
Talamanca
|
22,729
|
N/A
|
Ujarras
|
19,040
|
1,700
|
Ngobes
|
Abrojos-Montezuma
|
1,280
|
400
|
Coto Brus
|
7,500
|
1,1000
|
Conte Burica
|
11,910
|
1,500
|
Osa
|
2,757
|
76
|
Altos de San Antonio
|
75
|
104
|
Huetares
|
Quitirrisi
|
1000
|
1000
|
Zapaton
|
2800
|
800
|
Terrabas
|
Terraba
|
9,300
|
1,200
|
Borucas
|
Boruca
|
12,400
|
2000
|
Curre
|
10,600
|
1000
|
Malekus
|
Guatuso
|
2,993
|
800
|
Chorotegas
|
Matumbu
|
1,710
|
1,400
|
Economic activities carried out by indigenous community include the production of a variety of goods and services, a percentage of which pertains to conservation and sustainable use of forest ecosystems. Each territory has a development association, which is generally perceived as a legitimate entity. Communities have autonomy on how to use resources derived from the ESP program as long as contractual commitments are fulfilled. Challenges to define priorities within the territory Indigenous people are owners of communal land as well as private territory. Indigenous development associations face as a primary challenge how to define place and target populations for ESP services, and manner in which funds are used and distributed. Table 2 indicates how indigenous communities will benefit from the project.
Component |
Activities
|
Benefit to Indigenous Communities
|
Indicators
|
Cost Estimates
|
Implementation Schedule
|
Responsible Institution
|
1. ESP contracts
|
Contracts for conservation, sustainable forest management, and reforestation
|
The project will support at least a 100% increase in the number of hectares managed by indigenous communities within the ESP program.
|
1. # of indigenous communities participating in ESP program.
2. # of hectares of land incorporated into ESP program.
|
$250,000
|
Years 2 – 5
|
FONAFIFO
|
2. SINAC Activities
| Studies/Assessments:
Water supply issues; socioeconomic studies; community NRM experience;
Training:
Community educators; community & voluntary groups in environmental issues; development of alternative sustainable activities; sustainable forest management; strengthening of communal and women’s groups; poaching and fishing control training.
|
Incorporation of issues pertinent to local indigenous groups in studies and assessments carried out in La Amistad-Caribe and Osa Conservation Areas.
|
1. Coverage of issues pertinent to indigenous communities in La Amistad-Caribe and Osa Conservation Areas.
|
$250,000
|
Years 1 – 5
|
SINAC
|
3. Strengthening Local & Regional NGOs
| Technical assistance to small landowners and communities in priority areas.
|
Increased participation in the ESP program and increased technical capacity of indigenous communities for the conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems.
|
1. Two non-governmental organizations contracted to promote increased participation of indigenous communities in the ESP program.
|
$265,000
|
Years 1 – 5
|
FONAFIFO with selected non-governmental organizations
|
Annex 8a: Summary of Environmental Analysis Costa Rica: Ecomarkets
The goal of the proposed project is to promote the development of markets and private sector providers for environmental services supplied by privately owned forests. As such, the project directly supports the implementation of Forestry Law No. 7575: providing market-based incentives to forest owners in buffer zones for environmental services in forest ecosystems; and assisting and strengthening management capacity to continue and assure sustainable financing of public sector forestry programs administered by the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE), including the National Forestry Financing Fund (FONAFIFO) and the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC). The main services supplied by forest ecosystems in Costa Rica outlined in Law No. 7575 cover carbon sequestration, water resources protection, biodiversity protection, and scenic beauty. Based on the overall significant positive environmental benefits of the project, alleviation on deforestation and protection of biodiversity, the quality assurance team (QAT) within LCSES gave the project an environmental rating of Category “B.” By providing national economic incentives to preserve priority forest ecosystems, the project contributes to national, regional, and global conservation goals. At the regional level it supports the biological corridor through the support of conservation easements in three areas and at the global level it contributes to management of climate change.
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