Earth Science Spring Break Packet 2016 Astronomy
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rocks and examples of their fossils. Which layer contains the oldest
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- Which of the following most likely results in the formation of a fossil
- The pictures show different stages in the development of a river valley. Which picture shows the first stage of development A
- The Earths surface can change either quickly or slowly. Which of these can happen when rocks and soil in the Earth move suddenly
- Which of these is NOT a part of soil
- S6E3. Students will recognize the significant role of water in earth processes. S6E4. Students will understand how the distribution of land and oceans affects climate and weather.
- What element is the main component of most stars
- At which ocean feature would the greatest amount of water pressure be exerted
- Congratulations You Are Ready For the EOG
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rocks and examples of their fossils. Which layer contains the oldest fossils? A. 1
B. 2 C. 3
D. 4 94. Barrier islands are low and narrow sandy islands that form a rim offshore from a coastline. These islands protect inland shores from the surf, especially during storms. These islands are becoming increasingly developed because people want to live by the open ocean, yet the islands themselves are not permanent. Why aren't the islands permanent? A. People develop the islands and remove sand during housing construction. B. Offshore earthquakes cause the islands to sink below sea level.
D. Development companies mine the sand for use in inland construction projects. 95. Which of the following most likely results in the formation of a fossil? A. A Mesozoic clam lies exposed on the surface of the sea floor. B. A Mesozoic clam is washed up onto the beach. C. A Mesozoic clam is eaten by a large predatory fish. D. A Mesozoic clam is buried by a mudslide. 96. The pictures show different stages in the development of a river valley. Which picture shows the first stage of development? A 
97. The Earth's surface can change either quickly or slowly. Which of these can happen when rocks and soil in the Earth move suddenly? A. Landslides B. Tornadoes C. Hurricanes D. Blizzards 98. Recycling and reusing are very important ways to help people — A. save natural resources. B. clean up their homes. C. make soil for plants. D. kill harmful germs. 99. Which of these is NOT a part of soil? A. Humus
B. Bits of rock C. Clay
D. Plastic Hydrology & Meteorology(67 Questions) 
Standards S6E3. Students will recognize the significant role of water in earth processes. S6E4. Students will understand how the distribution of land and oceans affects climate and weather. S6E6. Students will describe various sources of energy and with their uses and conservation. 1. An air mass forms over the Gulf of Mexico and moves northeast across Georgia. What weather conditions are likely to prevail in Georgia? A. cool and dry B. cool and humid C. warm and dry D. warm and humid 2. What technology is used to measure the depth of the ocean? A. submarines B. radar C. telescopes D. sonar 3. Which is the warmest climate zone? A. Arctic Zone B. Temperate Zone
D. Intermediate Zone 4. On most ocean shorelines, the water rises slowly and covers the land twice a day. Then it slowly falls back. What is this movement called? A. current B. wave
C. tide D. drift
A. a higher temperature. B. a lower temperature. C. a higher concentration of sodium chloride. D. a higher concentration of silicon dioxide. 6. Cold air masses that form at high latitudes are called A. polar air masses. B. continental air masses. C. warm air masses. D. maritime air masses. 7. Nearly 100 years ago, a large volcano erupted in the South Pacific. The following year, some northeastern cities in the United States recorded measurable snowfall every month of the year. Most of the Northern Hemisphere experienced a cold summer. Which explains how these events were related? A. The eruption temporarily intensified the greenhouse effect. B. Thermal energy released during the eruption caused a decrease in Earth's total heat energy. C. The eruption damaged the ozone layer, causing a decrease in the amount of solar energy reaching Earth.
B. the ozone layer is very thin. C. there are more windy days than usual. D. the gravitational pull of the Moon is stronger. 9. At the seashore late in the afternoon on a hot, sunny day, a person often feels a strong breeze coming in from the ocean. Which of the following is the reason for the breeze? A. The pounding waves generate air currents. B. The warm air over the ocean rushes in to replace the cool air that rises over the land.
D. There are no clouds to block the wind coming in from the ocean. 10. Which contains the greatest amount of Earth's freshwater? A. groundwater B. oceans and seas C. lakes and rivers D. glaciers and polar ice cap 11. Most water vapor in the atmosphere comes from A. evaporation from oceans. B. evaporation from soil. C. transpiration from plants. D. the burning of fossil fuels. 12. One way the North Atlantic Ocean is different from the South Pacific Ocean is that the North Atlantic has A. a greater average depth. B. a higher average pressure.
D. a lower average temperature. 13. Suppose you are swimming in a lake when a thunderstorm approaches. Which of the following would be the best way to protect yourself from lightning? A. diving underwater B. going fishing instead of swimming
D. taking shelter under a tree 14. Dew is formed by A. the condensation of water vapor. B. frost melting just before sunrise. C. groundwater being pulled to Earth's surface. D. transpiration performed by plants. 15. The salts in the sea come from A. weathering and erosion of rocks. B. acid rain. C. particles falling from space. D. organisms that live in the sea. 16. Which term refers to the area at the seashore that is underwater during high tide and exposed during low tide? A. intertidal zone B. neritic zone C. open-ocean zone D. mid-ocean zone 17. There are three major zones in the ocean: the surface, the middle, and the ocean floor. Which form of ocean life lives mainly in the middle zone? A. plankton B. coral
C. nekton D. benthos 18. What are the two dominant elements in Earth's atmosphere? A. oxygen and carbon dioxide B. hydrogen and helium
D. silicon and hydrogen 19. Which of the following is typical of a tropical climate? A. cold, dry air B. cool, moist air C. hot, dry air D. warm, moist air 20. Large, dark clouds that produce thunderstorms are called A. stratocumulus clouds. B. cirrostratus clouds. C. altocumulus clouds. D. cumulonimbus clouds. 21. Which process is most important to the water cycle? A. flooding B. erosion
22. During the water cycle, when water vapor changes to liquid water, it is called A. evaporation. B. condensation. C. freezing. D. boiling.
the water evaporated. In order to carry out her experiment, which variable would Janet need to change? A. the amount of water in the container
C. the location of the container D. the material the container is made of
A. oxidation and reduction B. evaporation and condensation C. mixing and separating D. ebbing and flowing
extended length of time? A. The sea level would fall dramatically. B. Ocean currents would reverse their directions. C. The amount of precipitation on land would decrease. D. Harmful chemicals would be formed in the atmosphere. 26. Which of these BEST describes the cause of waves in the ocean? A. high and low tides B. evaporation of water
D. ridges and trenches on the bottom of the ocean 27. Water on Earth is found naturally as a solid, a liquid, and a gas. Where is MOST of the solid water on Earth? A. deep in Earth's mantle B. in Earth's polar regions C. in the outer atmosphere D. at the bottom of the ocean
A. The water in Lake Blackshear is always much colder than the water in the Atlantic Ocean. B. The water in the Atlantic Ocean is part of the water cycle, but the water in the Lake Blackshear is not. C. The water in Lake Blackshear comes from rivers, while the water in the Atlantic Ocean comes from rain. D. The water in the Atlantic Ocean contains more dissolved minerals than the water in Lake Blackshear. 29. Ridges, tectonic plate boundaries, and hydrothermal vents are physical features found on our planet. Where are these features found MOST OFTEN? A. in the middle of huge lakes B. around the edges of deserts
D. on top of mountains on continents 30. Why are tides continually rising and lowering every day? A. because deep ocean currents are constantly changing B. because the position of the Moon is constantly changing C. because rates of evaporation and precipitation are constantly changing D. because the direction of the wind over the ocean is constantly changing
B. because Earth wobbles as it rotates, causing the ocean to rise and fall C. because ocean currents change, adding sand to and removing sand from the beach D. because the sand is able to absorb more water as the temperature increases, lowering the ocean level 32. Which of these BEST explains the reason that thunderstorms are likely to form on a hot day? A. Warm, humid air rises quickly and then cools. B. As air slowly rises it loses humidity and causes rain. C. The air is usually calm and allows the clouds to form. D. The air rises quickly and forms low-level cloud layers. 33. Yvette was looking at a map that showed where hurricanes had formed. She noticed that more hurricanes formed over tropical oceans than over colder ocean areas. Which of these BEST explains why more hurricanes form over tropical oceans than cold oceans? A. Air has less moisture over tropical oceans than over cold oceans. B. Air has more moisture over tropical oceans than over cold oceans. C. Water has more waves in tropical oceans than in colder oceans. D. Water has fewer currents in tropical oceans than in colder oceans.
A. The wind speeds over water would decrease. B. The air temperatures over land would decrease. C. Less water would evaporate into the atmosphere and cause a drought. D. More water would evaporate into the atmosphere and lead to more rain. 35. Meteorologists often look at differences in air pressure when they are trying to predict the weather. Why do these differences occur? A. The Sun heats different places at different rates. B. The Moon's gravity has a different strength at different places. C. Earth's rotation makes different places move at different speeds. D. Volcanoes add different amounts of heat and gas to the air in different places. 36. The picture below shows a large rock and a container of water. The rock and the water have the same mass and temperature. 
What will MOST LIKELY happen when the rock and the water receive the same amount of heat energy? A. The water will transfer heat to the rock. B. The rock will transfer heat to the water.
D. The temperature of the water will rise faster. 37.  Seattle, Washington is a highly populated city surrounded by the Pacific coast in the Northwest United States.
Bismarck, North Dakota is a highly populated city in the North Central United States. They are both located at about the same latitude. Why does Seattle experience much less severe winters than Bismarck? A. Cold air masses settle away from bodies of water. B. It is warmer in the central part of the United States. C. The Pacific Ocean releases heat and keeps Seattle warmer. D. Seattle is slightly closer to the sun during the winter months. 38. While visiting the beach during summer vacation, a sea breeze keeps you cool and comfortable during the hottest part of the day. Which BEST explains why this happens? A. warm air rising over land allows cooler air from the ocean to blow inland B. cool air rising over land allows warm air from the ocean to blow inland C. there are similarities in temperature between the land and the water D. a storm is approaching 39. At a beach, the water and sand are not absorbing and losing heat equally. Which is MOST LIKELY to occur? A. rain
B. snow C. wind D. humidity 40. Which statement about Earth's heating patterns is true? A. The rate of cooling depends on the season. B. Large bodies of water cool more quickly than land.
D. Land and large bodies of water cool at the same rate. 41. Which event will occur next in this series of meteorological events at an oceanfront town? 1. Bright, sunny day 2. Night falls 3. Land and ocean begin to lose stored heat from sun 4. One (land or ocean) first reaches a temperature that is equal to the one of its surrounding 5. High pressure front moves in over the land A. cool land breeze B. cool sea breeze C. warm land breeze D. warm sea breeze 42. Warm air rising at the equator and cold air sinking at the poles is one reason for which event? A. hurricanes B. Coriolis force C. earth's rotation D. convection currents 43. What is the cause of most ocean surface currents? A. gravity
C. the moon D. upwellings
A. the wind B. earthquakes
D. density differences 45. Which factor is MOST important in determining how much groundwater can be stored in underground rock? A. the rock's location B. the rock's porosity C. the rock's hardness D. the rock's geologic age
A. lake and river B. forest and field C. pond and stream D. ocean and beach 47. Jordan researched the hourly temperatures of an ocean and a land mass near each other. Each morning Jordan discovered the ocean and land had a similar temperature. For the rest of the day the sun continues to warm the ocean and land. During the day, which direction will the wind MOST LIKELY blow? A. toward the land B. toward the ocean C. the air will remain still D. Jordan does not have enough data to tell. 48. When ice forms in the oceans, what happens to the water found directly underneath the newly formed ice? B. it becomes warmer C. it becomes denser D. it becomes more salty 49. What are mid-ocean ridges? A. They are areas where tectonic plates meet. B. They are narrow valleys that run along the bottom of the oceans. C. They are areas underwater where thick layers of sediment have accumulated. D. They are areas of underwater mountain chains located near many active volcanoes. 50. Tropical seas have a high rate of evaporation. Because of this, the water in tropical seas will have higher: A. wave crests. B. amounts of algae. C. daily temperatures. D. salt concentrations. 51. What is the main cause of ocean tides? A. energy from the sun B. rotation of the earth C. change in water temperature D. gravitational pull of the moon 52. Oceans contain many dissolved elements like calcium, sodium, and chlorine and these elements plus others combine to form the salts in the oceans. Which of the following sources is a major source of calcium and sodium in oceans? A. gases from active volcanoes B. weathering and erosion of rocks C. pollutants from industrial wastes D. acid rain caused by air pollution
B. it is polluted C. it is too salty D. it is in aquifers 54. Humid, tropical air rises over the Atlantic Ocean near the equator. As the air rises it begins to circulate counterclockwise. A low pressure system develops and the storm soon has winds reaching over 120 km/hour. What is this storm system called? A. cyclone B. tornado C. tsunami
B. warm and dry air
D. cool and humid air 56. What two conditions are necessary for frost to form? A. The air is saturated with water and the temperature drops quickly. B. The air is saturated with water and the temperature is 0oC or less. C. The air is saturated with water and the temperature is 0oC or above. D. The air is saturated with water and the temperature is gradually warming up.
B. frost
C. clouds D. thunderstorms 58. At the start of a hurricane, strong winds blew over the ocean causing more water to evaporate. How did this effect the hurricane? A. The hurricane lost heat. B. The hurricane lost pressure. C. The hurricane became weaker. D. The hurricane became stronger 59. Which is MOST LIKELY to cause a hurricane? A. a distant tidal wave B. a deep underwater earthquake
D. cold evaporating water from the ocean 60. The sun warms a large area of an ocean. This causes a large amount of water to evaporate into the air. Which weather event might occur? A. tornado B. hurricane C. tidal wave D. freezing rain
B. snow
C. clear skies D. low humidity 62.Why is the sun is responsible for making a car operational? A. Sunlight grew the plants long ago that became the fossil fuels for cars. B. Infrared radiation from the sun provides a pushing affect on cars. C. The sun provides a gravitational pull that assists the cars motion. D. The heat from the sun creates energy to power the cars. 63. What element is the main component of most stars? A. Nitrogen B. Iron
D. Oxygen 64. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy? A. Natural gas B. Coal C. Oil
D. Falling water 65. By increasing the height of smokestacks, industries in the Midwest reduced the local concentration of air pollutants. However, the pollution was carried by wind to the Northeast where it contributed significantly to — A. reduced rainfall B. soil erosion C. mass wasting D. acid rain 66. 
At which ocean feature would the greatest amount of water pressure be exerted? A. Continental shelf B. Continental slope C. Abyssal plain D. Trench 67. Wind power is not typically used to generate all of the electricity needed for large cities because the — A. energy source is inconsistent. B. waste products are unsafe. C. fuel expenses are too great. D. energy produced is not in a usable form. Congratulations You Are Ready For the EOG 
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