Ega vazifasida Kim? Nima? Jack is coming tonight


Izoh: boshqa tildan kirib kelgan “o” bilan tugagan birlikka “s” qo’shiladi



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NOUNS 2012
10 Маъруза матни
Izoh: boshqa tildan kirib kelgan “o” bilan tugagan birlikka “s” qo’shiladi.
Piano - pianos Kilo - kilos Photo - photos kangaroo - kangaroos



  1. Barcha “f” yo “fe” bilan tugaganlarni ko’plikka aylantirih uchun “s” qo’shiladi:

cliff, cliffs handkerchief, handkerchiefs safe, safes


Izoh: Quyidagi 12 ta ot“f” yo “fe” bilan tugaganlarni ko’plikka aylantirish uchun “f / fe” ni tushirib “ves”
wife - wives
wolf, calf, half, knife, leaf, life, loaf, self, sheaf, shelf, thief,



  1. Quyidagi birlik otlarni lo’plikka aylantirishda shakily o’zgarish ro’y beradi




woman women
man men
child children
tooth teeth
foot feet
person people
cactus cacti
focus foci
fungus fungi
nucleus nuclei
analysis analyses
diagnosis diagnoses
oasis oases
thesis theses
crisis crises
phenomenon- phenomena
criterion- criteria
datum data
louse lice
mouse mice
goose geese
ox oxen
memorandum memoranda
radius radii
sanatorium sanatoria
basis bases



  1. Quyidagi otlarning birlik shakli ko’plikka aylanganda o’zgarmaydi.

Sheep sheep
Fish fish
species species
means means
series series
aircraft aircraft
deer deer
swine swine



Uncountable Noun
Oldidan son qo’yib ishlatib bo’lmaydigan otlarga sanalmaydigan ot deyiladi. Sanalmaydigan otlar Modda – jism shaklida bo’ladi. Sanalmaydigan otlarning kesimi doim birlikdir. Sanalmaydigan ot lar bilan yo Zero yo the ish-di. Ular bilan a/an ishlatilmaydi.Sanalmaydigan otlarning ko’plik shakli bo’lmaydi.



air
baggage
beer
blood
bread,
butter
cash
chalk
champagne
cheese
cloth
coffee
corn
cotton
cream
dirt
dust
electricity
equipment
fire
flour
food
fruit
furniture
fog
garbage
gasoline
gin
glass
gold
grass
hair
ice
iron
jam
jewelry
light
lightning
luggage
meat
milk
money
music
news
oil
paper
pepper
rain
rice
salt
sand
silver
smog
smoke
snow
soap
soup
steam
sugar
tea
thunder
water
wheat
wind
wine
wood
wool


The baggage was/were heavy.
Thereis/are sand/sands in my shoes.
There is/are no electricity/electricities in this house.


Abstract Nouns
Ko’rib, tegib, eshitib, hidlab, tatib bo’lmaydigan otlarga MAVHUM otlar deyiladi. Mavhum Otlar Sanalmaydigan otlar sirasiga kiradi va ularning qoidalariga to’liq bo’ysunadi. Mavhum otlar bilan yo Zero yo The ish-di. Ular bilan a/an ishlatilmaydi. Mavhum otlarning ko’plik shakli bo’lmaydi.



accommo- dation
adoration
advice
artistry
athletics
beauty
behavior
belief
bravery
chaos
childhood
comfort
confidence
courage
education
energy
engineering
enjoyment
faith
friendship
fun
grammar
happiness
hate
health
heat
help
history
homework
honesty
hope
hospitality
housework
humor
importance
impression
information
intelligence
justice
knowledge
laughter
literature
love
luck
mathematics
patience
peace
physics
politics
pollution
power
pride
sadness
significance
space
success
sympathy
talent
traffic
truth
violence
vocabulary
wealth
machinery
oxygen
scenery
sunshine
damage
darkness
time
weather
work
reading
writing
pneumonia diabetes



Much homework/many homeworks was/weregiven to me yesterday.
I need some advice/some advices


IZOH: Quyidagi otlar ma’nosiga ko’ra ham sanaladigan ham sanalmaydigan bo’lishi mumkin.


Time / Times
a) time – unc – vaqt How much time do we have?
b) times – count – marta How many times have you been to Uzbekistan?

Experience



  1. Experience – unc – bilim/malaka

Dr.Brown has much experience in physics.

  1. An experience / Experiences – count – sarguzasht

He has many life experiences.

Hair

  1. Hair – unc – umuman soch

His hair is black

  1. A hair / hairs – count – donalab sanasak

There is a hair in my soup.
Whenever she finds a grey hair she pulls it out

Stone

  1. Stone – unc – tosh (tabiiy resurs)

We need much stone to build a house.

  1. A stone / stones – donalab sanab bo’lsa

He threw a stone at me.

Potato

  1. Potato – unc – ovqat shaklida

We had some potato for lunch.

  1. A potato/ potatoes – count – xom shaklda

We need three potatoes to cook something.

Chicken

  1. Chicken – unc – ovqat shaklida

We had some chicken in the morning.



  1. A chicken/chickens – count tirik jo’ja

I have a chicken.
They bought many chickens.

Paper

  1. Paper – unc – yozuv qog’ozi

The writer needs much paper to publish his books.

  1. A paper/papers – count – gazeta

I always buy a paper on my way to work.

Beer/coffee/wine/gin



  1. Beer/coffee/wine/gin – unc – umuman ichimlik

We had some beer
She drank strong coffee



  1. A beer(beers) /a coffee (coffees) /a wine (wines) /a gin (gins) – count – stakan tushunilsa yoli so’ralsa

Doctors recommend limiting consumption to two coffees a day.
I ordered a beer. I ordered 2 beers.
I had a coffee. I had 3 coffees.

Work

  1. Work – unc – ish

He is looking for work.
Izoh: Job – ish – count He is looking for a job.

  1. A Work/ works – count – asar

I read some works of W.Shakespeare.

Wood

  1. Wood – unc – yog’och(tabiiy resurs)

We need much wood to build a house.

  1. A wood/woods – count – o’rmon

We walked in a wood.

Glass

  1. Glass – unc – shisha

We need some glass for the window.

  1. A glass/glasses – count – stakan

I need a glass.

Iron

  1. Iron – unc – temir(tabiiy resurs)

We need much iron to make pipes.



  1. an iron/irons – count – dazmol

We use an iron to have a good look for our clothes.

Beauty


  1. Beauty – unc – chiroy

She has much beauty in her.

b) a beauty/beauties – count - go’zal (qiz)
We saw a beauty in the street.

Life

  1. Life - unc – hayot

Life is difficult.

  1. A life/lives – count – hayot yo’li/umr

They had a hard life.




  1. Light – unc – yorug’lik

My room is full of light.
Close the curtain. There's too much light!

  1. A light/lights – count – lampochka yorug’ligi

We saw a light in the distance.
There are two lights in our bedroom.
Fire

  1. Fire – unc – olov

We lit fire in his own house.

  1. A fire/fires – count – yong’in

We saw a fire by the road.



Noise

  • Noise – unc - shovqin - It's difficult to work when there is so much noise.

  • A noise/noises – count - tovush - Shhhhh! I thought I heard a noise.
    There are so many different noises in the city.

Room

  • Room- unc – bo’sh joy - Is there room for me to sit here?

  • A room/rooms – count - xona - Our house has seven rooms.

Uncountable

countable

Difficulty - qiyinchilik

A difficulty - difficulties - muammo

Wonder – hayrat

A wonder - wonders – mo’jiza

Football – sport turi

A football - footballs - koptok

Crime - jinoyatchilik

A crime - crimes - jinoyat

Medicine – tibbiyot

A medicine - medicines – dori darmon

Izoh: Time – unc – vaqt
I need much time to finish this work
Lekin vaqt ko’rsatkichlari sanaladi:
A second/seconds (minute, hour, day, week, month, year, century, decade)
I need many weeks to finish this work.


Izoh: Money – unc – pul
I need much money to buy a car.


Lekin valyutalar sanaladi.
A dollar/dollars (rouble, pound, yen)
I need ten dollars to buy something to eat.
RULE: Ba’zan sanalmaydigan otlarni miqdor ko’rsatkichlarini ko’rsatib ularni Sanaladigan Birlik va Ko’plikka aylantirish mumkin. Ularga Kesim tanlashda OF predlogidan oldingi miqdor ko’rsatkich so’ziga qaraymiz.


Singular

a bale of cotton
a bar of chocolate
a bar of soap
a basket of fruit
a bit of news
a block of ice
a bottle of water
a bowl of rice
a breath of air
a bundle of hay
a cake of soap
a carton of orange juice
a cloud of dust
a column of smoke
a crate of fruit
a cup of tea
a cup of coffee
a drop of oil
a drop of rain
a fall of rain
a fall of snow
a glass of water
a grain of sand
a harvest of heat
a harvest of corn
a heap of rubbish
a jar of jam
a kilo of cheese
a kilo of rice
a layer of soil/dirt
a loaf of bread
a lump of sugar
a mass of hair
a pane of glass
a piece of bread
a slice of bread
a piece of advice
a piece of information.
a piece of wood
a piece of paper
a sheet of paper
a pot of jam
a ream of paper
a reel of thread/film
a roll of film/cloth
a set of china
a sheaf of corn
a sheaf of grain
a sheaf of wheat
a sheet of paper
a shower of rain
a slice of cheese
a sort of work
a stack of corn
a stack of hay
a stack of timber
a stack of wood
a stock of wood
a suite of furniture
a tin of paint
a tube of tooth paste
a tuft of grass
a tuft of hair



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