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Keystone Won’t Affect US Oil Prices
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- If Canada selling oil is inevitable, it doesn’t matter who they sell it to
- Rejecting keystone wont raise oil prices
- Keystone increases supply, decreases prices.
- Cornell Studies prove- Spill WILL happen that kills economy, jobs, and relations with Canada-turns the case
- Oil spill WILL happen empirics prove it’s not a “When” not “if” statement
- Finished pipeline flows dirty oil through natural wonders- any spill destroys relations turning case
Keystone Won’t Affect US Oil PricesInternational Events on Oil Outweigh Keystone.Parfomak, et. Al, 5-9-12 (Paul, Specialist in Energy and Infrastructure Policy, Neelesh Nerurkar, Specialist in Energy Policy, Linda Luther, Analyst in Environmental Policy, Adam Vann,Legislative Attorney, “Keystone XL Pipeline Project: Key Issues” CRS, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41668.pdf) Energy security arguments have taken on additional weight in light of the recent geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and North Africa. However, it is worth noting that even if Keystone XL is built, prices for the crude oil it carries as well as for domestically produced oil from elsewhere will continue to be affected by international events. The oil market is globally integrated and events in major producer and consumer countries can affect prices everywhere.59 For example, the disruption of Libyan supply in early 2011 contributed to higher crude oil prices in the United States, even though the United States imported almost no oil from Libya before the unrest broke out.60 If Canada selling oil is inevitable, it doesn’t matter who they sell it toMichael A. Levi; David M. Rubenstein Senior Fellow for Energy and the Environment and Director of the Program on Energy Security and Climate Change, Washington Post; January 18, 2012 “Five Myths About the Keystone XL Pipeline” http://www.cfr.org/energyenvironment/five-myths-keystone-xl-pipeline/p27099 NCHO 2. The pipeline would have reduced U.S. reliance on oil from the Middle East.¶ Worries about dependence on Middle Eastern oil have long animated U.S. energy policy — and the Keystone XL pipeline would have transported almost as much oil each year as the United States currently imports annually from Saudi Arabia.¶ But U.S. vulnerability to turmoil in the Middle East is linked to how much oil we consume, not where we buy it from. The price of oil is set on world markets: When convulsions in Libya sent the price of crude up 30 percent last year, prices for Canadian heavy oil (similar to what is produced from oil sands) rose by nearly 55 percent.¶ Some pipeline proponents also pointed out that Canadian oil currently sells at a discount compared with oil supplies from the rest of the world. Keystone XL, however, wouldn't have led Canada to start offering greater amounts of crude at deep discounts — instead, Canadian producers would have gained more leverage and would have been able to sell their oil at the world price. Rejecting keystone wont raise oil pricesMichael A. Levi; David M. Rubenstein Senior Fellow for Energy and the Environment and Director of the Program on Energy Security and Climate Change, Washington Post; January 18, 2012 “Five Myths About the Keystone XL Pipeline” http://www.cfr.org/energyenvironment/five-myths-keystone-xl-pipeline/p27099 NCHO 3. The pipeline would have created hundreds of thousands of American jobs.¶ During the debate over the Keystone project, the oil industry rolled out a series of studies claiming that pipeline construction would create 20,000 temporary jobs in the United States and that lower oil prices (they didn't say exactly how much lower) resulting from the new crude supplies would create as many as 250,000 more jobs across the country over the long term. These numbers were cited repeatedly by politicians who supported the pipeline.¶ However, the first number refers to "person-years" of employment — a single job that lasts two years is counted twice; and in any case, it pales compared with the overall U.S. employment challenge. The second number is more impressive but relies on an overly optimistic estimate of how much the pipeline would have reduced global oil prices. The administration's rejection of the pipeline will probably add less than a dollar a barrel to the long-term price of oil, hardly a decisive factor when prices are already around $100 per barrel.¶ Of course, there's little question that more Canadian oil production would trim world oil prices slightly and thus help the U.S. economy. But the net impact of the Keystone XL pipeline would have been smaller than its proponents claim. High Oil Prices LinkKeystone increases supply, decreases prices.Parfomak, et. Al, 5-9-12 (Paul, Specialist in Energy and Infrastructure Policy, Neelesh Nerurkar, Specialist in Energy Policy, Linda Luther, Analyst in Environmental Policy, Adam Vann,Legislative Attorney, “Keystone XL Pipeline Project: Key Issues” CRS, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41668.pdf) Oil sands producers are interested in Keystone XL because it would expand their market reach into the Gulf Coast. The Gulf Coast region holds half of U.S. refining capacity, including a substantial amount of technologically advanced capacity capable of processing heavy sour crudes in large volumes. Reaching a larger market and one with more advanced refining capacity could increase the price these producers receive for their crude. For their part, Gulf Coast refiners are interested in the Keystone XL pipeline because it increases the supply of heavy sour crude in the Gulf region, potentially bringing down their input costs relative to the options they currently have available. Canadian Natural Resources Limited, an oil sands producer, and Valero Energy Corporation, a large U.S. refiner, are among those that contracted for shipping capacity on the Keystone XL pipeline. Oil Spill Turn 1NCCornell Studies prove- Spill WILL happen that kills economy, jobs, and relations with Canada-turns the caseBattistoni 12 (Alyssa, NY times writer, “Keystone pipeline will spill, study predicts” http://www.salon.com/2012/03/19/keystone_pipeline_will_spill_study_predicts/ 2012 AB) Republicans have sought to frame the Keystone XL pipeline as a job-creating project being thwarted by “radical environmentalists.” Is it? A new Cornell University study claims that the pipeline could actually have a negative impact on the economies of the states it would pass through.¶ “In the national debate, job creation has been set alongside environmental concerns in a rigid either-or fashion,” says Sean Sweeney, one of the study’s authors, “But oil spills also kill jobs, they consume resources, they have an impact on health, and can also lead to a lower quality of life.”¶ The range of estimates of jobs vary widely. TransCanada claims the pipeline will create 20,000 jobs. A State Department report estimates that only 20 permanent operating jobs would be created in the six states along the pipeline route. By comparison, those same states are home to robust agricultural, ranching and tourist industries that are dependent on water and vulnerable to environmental contamination. Across the six states agriculture employs 571,000 workers and tourism 780,000; the total revenue from those sectors, respectively, is $76.3 billion and $67 billion.¶ Sludge not crude¶ Tar sands oil — known in energy circles as diluted bitumen — may be more damaging to environments and communities than regular crude. Said Sweeney, “Diluted bitumen is an irregular substance — it runs thick and thin, hot and cold. It’s basically a sludge, not like regular crude — it behaves differently.” Tar sands also seem more likely to spill than conventional crude: The spill rate for diluted bitumen in the northern Midwest between 2007-2010 was three times the national average for conventional oil. This may be because the heavy, corrosive material puts greater stress on pipelines.¶ The already existing Keystone I pipeline, which runs 2,100 miles from Alberta to Illinois, began operating in 2010; in the two years since, 35 spills have occurred. In the pipeline’s first year of operation alone, its spill rate was 100 times TransCanada’s projection. All told the amount of tar sands oil being transported through the United States has more than tripled in the past decade to 600,000 barrels in 2010. Keystone XL, if built, would add another 830,000 barrels per day.¶ John Stansbury, a professor of civil engineering at the University of Nebraska, analyzed spill data from the Keystone I pipeline to estimate that 91 spills would occur over the course of 50 years of Ext. Oil Spill TurnOil spill WILL happen empirics prove it’s not a “When” not “if” statementBerry 12 (Liz, Freelance writer, “President Obama and Governor Perry–Twins separated at birth?” 2012 AB) You might think that the President and the Governor are twins separated at birth if you look a little more closely at their ties to the Keystone Pipeline and how willing both of them seem to be to put a huge source of our nation’s water supply at risk for the benefit of billionaires. It looks to me like the Pres. and the Gov. have it covered from both ends when it comes to risking our nation’s water supply so that two billionaires can make even more billions of dollars.¶ From all appearances (based on reports from the State Department that seem to pave the way) it looks like President Obama is poised to make David Koch even richer than he already is by approving the Keystone Pipeline. This pipeline would pass through Nebraska. As you can see in the map below, the High Plains Aquifer is located in Nebraska. The Ogallala Aquifer, also known as the High Plains Aquifer, is a vast yet shallow underground water table aquifer located beneath the Great Plains in the United States. It extends from Nebraska all the way down into Texas. About 27 percent of the irrigated land in the United States overlies this aquifer system, which yields about 30 percent of the nation’s ground water used for irrigation. In addition, the aquifer system provides drinking water to 82 percent of the people who live within the aquifer boundary–millions of Americans.¶ Because the aquifer is shallow, it is especially susceptible to pollution from oil leaks from pipelines. In case you wonder about the odds of an oil leak happening from the Keystone pipeline, you can know that, based on extensive historical evidence, that the question is not “if” but “when.” Finished pipeline flows dirty oil through natural wonders- any spill destroys relations turning caseNRDC 12 (National Defense Resources Council, “Going in Reverse: The Tar Sands Oil Threat to Central Canada and New England,” 2012 AB) Canadian pipeline company Enbridge Inc. appears to be reviving a previous pipeline plan that would take tar sands oil to central Canada and New England. The long-term plan would reverse the direction of oil flowing through two major pipelines -- Line 9 and the Portland-Montreal Pipe Line -- along an approximately 750-mile route, running through central Canada and down to the New England seacoast for export. Under the plan, the pipeline would carry Canadian tar sands oil, the dirtiest oil on the planet, through some of the most important natural and cultural places in Ontario, Quebec, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Any tar sands spill in these areas could devastate wildlife, pollute water, and compromise the health of local residents especially since tar sands spills cause much more harm than conventional oil spills. Transporting tar sands on this new route would only bring risks to central Canada and New England. Reversing existing pipelines is not necessary and should not be put into operation. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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