For State Wildlife Action Plans


Chapter 4—Conservation Actions in the Northeast



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Chapter 4—Conservation Actions in the Northeast

The 2005 State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) identified and prioritized conservation actions for each state in the region. Priority actions were linked to and identified for each key threat (listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN] category) as well as for overrarching needs and barriers to conservation in the Northeast. Those actions serve as a solid framework for the development and monitoring of the 2015 SWAP revisions.


After the completion of the 2005 SWAPs, a survey was conducted as part of the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (AWFA) National Synthesis to identify the key actions listed by each state in their Wildlife Action Plans (AFWA unpublished and 2011). A list of these key recurring actions is presented in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1. Key Actions Identified by Northeastern States Wildlife Action Plans (in descending order of listing recurrences).



Key Actions Identified by Northeastern State Wildlife Action Plans

% of States Identifying the Action

Land/Water Protection: Resource & Habitat Protection

100

Planning/Best Management Practices (BMPs): Planning

92

Data Gaps/Research: Monitoring

75

Land/Water Protection: Site/Area Protection

75

Education & Awareness: Awareness & Communications

75

External Capacity Building: Alliance & Partnership Development

75

Data Gaps/Research: Property assessment and prioritization

75

Data Gaps/Research: Research

67

Land/Water Management: Habitat & Natural Process Restoration

67

Data Gaps/Research: Threats assessment

58

Land/Water Management: Site/Area Management

58

Data Gaps/Research: Data collection and management

50

Law & Policy: Legislation

50

Education & Awareness: Training

42

Law & Policy: Compliance & Enforcement

42

External Capacity Building: Conservation Funding

42

Law & Policy: Policies & Regulations

42

Land/Water Management: Invasive/Problematic Species Control

42

Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives: Conservation Payments

42

Law & Policy: Private Sector Standards

33

Species Management: Species Management

33

Planning/BMPs: BMPs

33

Other: Non-IUCN Action: Other

25

Data Gaps/Research: Inventory

17

Data Gaps/Research: Exploratory Survey

17

Data Gaps/Research: Evaluation

17

Data Gaps/Research: Species assessment

17

Species Management: Species Recovery

17

Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives: Conservation-related Livelihood

8

Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives: Eco-friendly Alternatives

8

Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives: Market-driven Incentives

8

Livelihood, Economic & Other Incentives: Non-Monetary (cultural, etc.) Values

8

Education & Awareness: Formal Education

8

This chapter identifies strategies and conservation actions that have been developed and implemented for priority Northeast fish and wildlife species and their habitats through the Regional Conservation Needs (RCN) program. Many of these actions can be linked directly to a specific threat to wildlife or habitats summarized in Chapter 3. Individual actions are addressed in more detail in the RCN Grant Program reports (see http://rcngrants.org/) and links are provided throughout this document and Appendix 1 and Terwilliger Consulting Inc. and NEFWDTC 2013. Additional actions have been identified by Northeast Fish and Wildlife Diversity Technical Committee (NEFWDTC) members in the recommendation section of this chapter.


The term “Action” is used here as an umbrella for a wide range of activities that are intended to benefit fish and wildlife species and their habitats. As used here, “Action” applies to direct, on-the-ground conservation activities, as well as to a host of ancillary activities that are necessary and essential steps in order to be able to implement on-the-ground activities. This includes background research, monitoring, applied conservation planning, and the development of detailed conservation strategies.
Case studies are provided in this chapter of collaborative conservation actions that have been taken by NEFWDTC and partners through the RCN Grant Program. These include planning and monitoring projects, projects to address the adverse effects of climate change on species and habitats, projects that address water quality and/or water quantity issues, and projects that address the effects of invasive species, emerging wildlife diseases, and new energy developments.
Figure 4.1 shows how the RCN Grant Program has strategically targeted specific activities to be funded in each year of the grant program.

graphics to be improved in synthesis 2

Figure 4.1. RCN Grant Program Priority Focus Areas. Source: NEAFWA’s NEFWDTC.


The framework illustrated above describes a set of conservation actions that have been identified by the NEFWDTC as high priorities for the conservation of fish and wildlife and habitats across the Northeast. Specific RCN or competitive State Wildlife Grants (SWG) program projects funded to address these priorities are described in more detail in the RCN reports (compiled and accessible in Appendix 1 and Terwilliger Consulting Inc. and NEFWDTC 2013). Conservation actions identified through these regionally prioritized projects are compiled and coded using the Wildlife Tracking and Reporting Actions for the Conservation of Species (TRACS) database system and crosswalked to the IUCN action categories in the RCN Summary Report for assistance to states in their Wildlife Action Plan revisions and available on the RCN website: http://www.rcngrants.org. An excel spreadsheet providing a crosswalk between TRACS and IUCN action classification systems is provided as a reference at: http://rcngrants.org/content/northeast-regional-conservation-synthesis-state-wildlife-action-plan-revisions-0.
Although the RCN planning process provides general guidance on the order and importance of certain conservation activities, there has not yet been a comprehensive assessment and priority-setting exercise that encompasses the full suite of possible conservation actions across the entire Northeast region. However, numerous conservation actions have been identified by the Northeast states as part of their individual SWAPs. A survey of the 13 Northeast states and the District of Columbia, requesting their list of the top 10 conservation actions identified in their SWAPs, identified 24 different types of actions that could benefit Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) or their habitats (AFWA 2011). The most frequently mentioned actions included resources and habitat protection (mentioned by 100% of Northeast states) and planning, alliance and partnership development, awareness and communications, and site/area protection (all of which were mentioned by at least 75% of Northeast states). Other important actions mentioned by 50% or more of the Northeast states included: habitat and natural process restoration; site/area management; and legislation.



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