exercise of power. What develops is…‘executive democracy’ and . . . more rudely described . . . elective dictatorship ” (Mount 2006). (58-59)
Voluntary turnout is skewed toward the elite. RMF
Lever, Annabelle. 2009. Is Compulsory Voting Justified. Public Reason 1 (1): 57-74.
It is not news that turnout has been declining inmost democracies since the Second World War. However, the association of low turnout with unequal turnout maybe less well known and its significance less clearly appreciated. For example, in the last two General Elections in Britain the participation gap between manual
and non-manual workers more than doubled from around 5% into around 11% in 2005. Likewise,
between the sand the difference in turnout between the top and bottom quartile of earners
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