GROUP 15 – EXPEDITIONARY FORCE DEFENSE – OPERATING FORCES
EXPEDITIONARY FORCE OPERATIONS. This includes operating forces designed primarily for operations outside the U.S. or those with a nuclear mission that fall under the combat control of a COCOM. This includes strike, air control, sea control, ground combat, and mobility forces.
M415 Combat. Engaging in armed fighting or the use of force, to include deadly force (e.g., firepower and destructive capabilities), with the intent/mission to defeat enemy forces (including insurgents and terrorists), seize and/or hold terrain, or gain land, air or sea superiority on behalf of the U.S.
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Offensive Combat Operations—combat operations designed primarily to defeat the enemy. Forms of offensive operations are undertaken to seize, retain and exploit the initiative and to achieve air, land or sea superiority. Offensive techniques include pursuit, movement to contact, attack, and exploitation.
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Defensive Combat Operations—combat operations designed to defeat an attacking enemy or to nullify or reduce the effect of an attack. Defensive operations also may achieve one or more of the following: gain time, concentrate forces elsewhere; wear down enemy forces as a prelude to offensive operations; and retain tactical or strategic objectives (e.g., air base defense).
M480 Combat Support. Fire support and operational assistance provided to combat elements. (JP 1-02 and JP 4-0) Functions that provide operational assistance to the combat forces and which are part, or prepared to become part of a theater, command, or task force formed for combat operations. Combat support includes, but is not limited to psychological operations, communications operations, information operations, security operations, civil affairs, and military intelligence. Security forces support combat operations of tactical forces by conducting battlefield circulation control and area security operations to expedite the forward movement of critical combat resources. Security forces ensure the way is open to move reinforcing troops, fuel, food, and ammunition across the battlefield and evacuate enemy prisoners of war from the battle area.
M510 Combat Service Support. The essential capabilities, functions, activities, and tasks necessary to sustain all elements of operating forces in theater at all levels of war. Within the national and theater logistics systems, it includes, but is not limited to, that support rendered by service forces in ensuring the aspects of supply, maintenance, transportation, health services, and other services required by aviation and ground combat troops o permit those units to accomplish their mission in combat. CSS encompasses those activities in all levels of war that produce sustainment to all operating force on the battlefield. (JP 1-02 and JP 4-0) The following are examples.
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Physical Security of Equipment, Supplies, Personnel and Installations in Operational Environments. Physical security includes safeguarding equipment, supplies, personnel, and installations from hostile action; intelligence and criminal activities; terrorist attack, and other disruptive forces. In hostile, uncontrolled areas, this can involve planning and execution of tactical military operations to protect vital assets and to support combat operations when necessary. Physical security of installations in an uncontrolled hostile environment can be performed in conjunction with DoD Function S510 physical security functions.
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Security of Nuclear Weapons in Areas of Operation. This includes safeguarding weapons and systems while in storage, transit or during deployment (e.g., weapon storage areas, launch facilities, aircraft and convoys).
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Security of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and High Explosives Weapons in Areas of Operation. This includes safeguarding chemical, biological, radiological and high explosive weapons while in storage and transit in areas of operation.
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Security of Conventional Arms, Ammunition and Explosives (CAAE) in Areas of Operation. This includes safeguarding conventional arms, ammunition and explosives while in storage and transit in areas of operation.
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Law Enforcement Activities in Areas of Operation. This function includes the enforcement of laws and regulations designed to maintain public peace and order, to protect both life and property from accidental or willful injury, and to prevent and detect crimes. Activities include the direct conduct of criminal investigations, apprehension of offenders, and custody and control of persons detained or confined in confinement/correctional facilities. It may include, if necessary, the establishment of a military government.
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Military Justice in Areas of Operation. This function includes the administration of military law under chapter 47 of title 10, United States Code (the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ)); the Manual for Courts-Martial, and implementing regulations. It also includes the administration of United States law and policy relating to the status and treatment of detained persons. Activities include investigation and disposition of offenses committed by persons subject to the UCMJ, imposition of non-judicial punishment and pretrial restraint, determination of combatant status, and trial by courts-martial and military tribunals. It also includes investigation and prosecution of war crimes.
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Detention/Custody of Detainees in Areas of Operation. This function includes the detention/custody, treatment and transfer of enemy prisoners of war (EPW), retained personnel (RP), civilian internees (CI) and other detainees (OD) as determined under applicable regulations, in custody of the U.S. Armed Forces during or in the aftermath of armed conflict and during military operations other than war.
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Humanitarian Support to the Civilian Population. Humanitarian support to the civilian population may become necessary if civilians come under military control, or support to the civilian population is assigned as a mission or otherwise undertaken out of necessity by the military forces.
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