Winner's Name
|
Field
|
Country
|
Work
|
Konstantin Novoselov
Andre Geim
|
Physics
|
Russia
|
For groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene.
|
Liu Xiaobo
|
Peace
|
China
|
The Nobel Peace Prize 2010 was awarded to Liu Xiaobo "for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China".
|
Mario Vargas Llosa
|
Literature
|
Peru
|
For his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat.
|
Robert G. Edwards
|
Medicine
|
UK
|
For the development of in vitro fertilization.
|
Richard F. Heck
Ei-ichi Negishi
Akira Suzuki
|
Chemistry
|
USA
USA
Japan
|
For palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis.
|
Peter A. Diamond
Dale T. Mortensen
Christopher A. Pissarides
|
Economics
|
USA
USA
UK
|
For their analysis of markets with search frictions.
|
Winner's Name
|
Field
|
Country
|
Work
|
Elizabeth Blackburn
Carol Greider
Jack Szostak
|
Medicine
|
USA
|
For the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase.
|
Charles K. Kao
Willard S. Boyle
George E. Smith
|
Physics
|
USA
|
For groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication. And the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor.
|
V. Ramakrishnan
Thomas A. Steitz
Ada E. Yonath
|
Chemistry
|
UK
USA
Israel
|
For studies of the structure and function of the ribosome
|
Barack Obama
|
Peace
|
USA
|
For his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.
|
Herta Müller
|
Literature
|
Germany
|
For the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, depicts the landscape of the dispossessed.
|
Elinor Ostrom
Oliver E. Williamson
|
Economics
|
USA
|
For her analysis of economic governance, especially the commons.
For his analysis of economic governance, especially the boundaries of the firm.
|
Winner's Name
|
Field
|
Country
|
Work
|
Martti A
|
Peace
|
Finland
|
Who has worked to end conflicts in troubled spots around the world for more than three decades.
|
Paul Krugman
|
Economics
|
USA
|
For his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity.
|
Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
|
Literature
|
France
|
Whose work reflects a seemingly insatiable restlessness and sense of wonder about other places and other cultures.
|
Harald zur Hausen
Francoise Barre-Sinoussi
Luc Montagnier
|
Medicine
|
Germany
France
France
|
His discovery led to the development of two vaccines against cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among women.
The viral discovery has also led to an understanding of the natural history of H.I.V. infection in people, which ultimately leads to AIDS and death unless treated.
|
Yoichiro Nambu
Makoto Kobayashi
Toshihide Maskawa
|
Physics
|
USA
Japan
Japan
|
For their work exploring the hidden symmetries among elementary particles that are the deepest constituents of nature.
|
Osamu Shimomura
Martin Chalfie
Roger Y. Tsien
|
Chemistry
|
Japan
USA
USA
|
For taking the ability of some jellyfish to glow green and transforming it into a ubiquitous tool of molecular biology to watch the dance of living cells and the proteins within them.
|
Winner's Name
|
Field
|
Country
|
Work
|
Al Gore
R. K. Pachuri
|
Peace
|
USA
India
|
For their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change.
|
Leonid Hurwicz
Eric S. Maskin
Roger B. Myerson
|
Economics
|
USA
|
For their work in mechanism design theory, a branch of economics that looks at the design of institutions in situations where markets do not work properly.
|
Doris Lessing
|
Literature
|
UK
|
Whose deeply autobiographical writing has swept across continents and reflects her engagement with the social and political issues of her time.
|
Gerhard Ertl
|
Chemistry
|
Germany
|
Whose studies of chemical reactions on solid surfaces have affected agriculture, manufacturing and environmental science.
|
Mario R. Capecchi
Oliver Smithies
Martin J. Evans
|
Medicine
|
USA
USA
UK
|
For developing the immensely powerful “knockout” technology that allows scientists to create animal models of human disease in mice.
|
Albert Fert
Peter Grünberg
|
Physics
|
France
Germany
|
They have discovered how to manipulate the magnetic and electrical properties of thin layers of atoms to store vast amounts of data on tiny disks, making iPods and other wonders of modern life possible.
|
