Global History (H4) Regents Practice Teachers' Answer Key

(2) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

(3) European Union (EU)

(4) Organization of American States (OAS)

Base your answer to question 50 on the document below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment

or punishment.

Article 9: No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

Article 13: Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Article 18: Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. . . .

Article 20: Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

Article 21: Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

—United Nations, December 10, 1948
50 The ideas expressed in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights

most closely reflect the political philosophy of the

(1) Scientific Revolution (3) Commercial Revolution

(2) Age of Enlightenment (4) Middle Ages
June 2003

Base your answers to questions 47 and 48 on the excerpt below and on your knowledge of social studies.

treatment or punishment. . . .

includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. . . .

— The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
47 In which time period of Western history did thinkers first express these ideas in written

form?

(2) Reformation (4) Middle Ages

(1) Anwar Sadat and Charles DeGaulle

(2) Corazon Aquino and Margaret Thatcher

(3) Jawaharlal Nehru and Reza Pahlavi

47 One way in which Maximilien Robespierre,

Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Saddam Hussein

are similar is that these leaders all

2 followed the teachings of Karl Marx

3 supported the ideals of the European Enlightenment

4 obtained their goals through the use of passive resistance

43 A factor that contributed to the success of both

Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam and Mao Zedong in

China was their ability to combine

(1) imperialism and traditionalism

(2) nationalism and communism

(3) ethnocentrism and democracy

(4) isolationism and capitalism
Jan. 2002

41 Which development took place in China under

Mao Zedong?

(1) The family became the dominant force in society.

(2) The Four Modernizations became the basis

for economic reform.

(3) The people adopted the practice of ancestor worship.

(4) Communist teachings became required

learning in all schools and universities.
Aug. 2002

41 Which type of economic system was used by both

Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong to accelerate the

economic growth of their respective nations?

(1) mixed (3) command

(2) market (4) traditional

41 • The people of Kashmir demand separation

from India.

• The people of East Timor vote for

independence from Indonesia.

• The Tibetans resent control of their country by

China.

• The Kurds want to establish their own

different peoples to achieve

(1) free-market systems

(2) democratic governments

(3) social equality

(4) self-determination
Jan. 2006

36 Which factor most helped Communist Party

forces gain control of China after World War II?

(1) The United States sent weapons to the

Communists.

(2) The Japanese gave economic aid to the

Nationalists.

(3) The Communists gained the support of

China’s peasant class.

(4) The Chinese Nationalists set up their own

government in Taiwan.
June 2006

35 One reason the Chinese Communists were able

to gain control of China was primarily due to the

support of the

(2) landed elite (4) warlords

49 Which pair of leaders used political purges,

including the killing of opposition groups, as a

means of maintaining control of the government?

(1) Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) and Emperor Hirohito

(2) Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong

(3) Simón Bolívar and Bernardo O’Higgins

(4) F. W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi

Communist China

Great Leap Forward

Regents Practice
Jan. 2004

50 One similarity between Stalin’s five-year plans

and Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward was that

both programs attempted to

(2) privatize the ownership of land

(3) correct environmental pollution

(4) strengthen international trade

50 One similarity between the Reign of Terror

during the French Revolution and the Cultural

Revolution in China was that both

(1) limited the power of absolute leaders

(2) illustrated the power of public opinion in

forming national policy

(3) established social stability and economic

growth

(4) used violent methods to eliminate their

opponents

China Since Mao

Regents Practice
June 2001

39 What is the correct chronological order for this

set of events in Chinese history?
A. Communist Revolution

B. Tiananmen Square Massacre

C. Return of Hong Kong to Chinese rule

D. Opium Wars
(1) A →D → B → C (3) D → A → B → C

(2) B → A → C → D (4) D → B → C → A

37 Since the late 1970s, which measure has the

Chinese government taken to reduce the effects

of overpopulation?

(1) supported a policy of forced migration to

other nations

(2) reduced food production

(3) emphasized the teachings of Confucius

41 Since the 1980s, Chinese leaders have tried to

improve China’s economy by implementing a policy of

(1) isolation

(2) collectivization

(3) limited free enterprise

(4) representative government

47 Which statement is accurate about the Hungarian

Revolution in 1956 and the Tiananmen Square

demonstrations in 1989?

(1) These events led to democratic reforms.

(2) Repressive action was taken to end both protests.

(3) Strong action was taken by the United Nations.

(4) Both events brought communist governments

to power.

41 • The people of Kashmir demand separation from India.

• The people of East Timor vote for

independence from Indonesia.

• The Tibetans resent control of their country by China.

• The Kurds want to establish their own

independent state of Kurdistan.

These statements are examples of the efforts of

different peoples to achieve

(1) free-market systems (3) social equality

(2) democratic governments (4) self-determination
Jan. 2005

35 A similarity between Peter the Great of Russia

and Deng Xiaoping of the People’s Republic of

China was that each

(1) resisted economic and social reforms in his country

(2) rejected the culture of his country in favor of

a foreign culture

(3) promoted economic and technological modernization

of his country

(4) experienced foreign invasions of his country

that almost succeeded
Aug. 2005

47 • Scholars take civil service examinations for

government positions.

• Students form Red Guard units to challenge

counterrevolutionaries.

• Students demonstrate for democratic reforms

in the capital and are killed by government troops.

These statements describe the changing role of

students in which nation?

(1) Japan (3) Russia

39 One similarity between Mikhail Gorbachev’s

perestroika and Deng Xiaoping’s Four

Modernizations is that each

(2) maintained the democratic process

(3) strengthened communism

(4) increased global tensions

40 Which nation had the greatest influence on the

recent histories of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Tibet?

(1) India (3) China

(2) South Korea (4) Russia

China Since Mao

Regents Practice
Jan. 2007

32 In China, Deng Xiaoping’s Four Modernizations

led to

(1) a decrease in industrialization

businesses

June 2000

Base your answer to question 30 on the cartoon below

and on your knowledge of social studies.
30 The main idea of this 1997 cartoon is that

1 China’s Great Wall is a minor achievement

3 Hong Kong lacks natural boundaries to

protect its extensive land area

4 Hong Kong seeks Chinese economic assistance

Base your answers to questions 33 and 34 on the charts below and on your knowledge of social studies.

33 Which factor best explains the projected change in China’s population by 2025?

1 increased immigration to China

2 religious doctrines discouraging birth control

4 increased agricultural production in China

the information in these charts?

1 Technological improvements will cause a population decline throughout Asia.

2 Developed nations will be home to a majority of the world’s population.

and on your knowledge of social studies.

1 The majority of people in China do not support

the recent changes.

2 China is improving its record on human rights.

4 China’s system of criminal justice is based on

Western traditions and laws.

Jan. 2001

Base your answers to questions 49 and 50 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.

49 The main idea of this cartoon is that Deng

Xiaoping will be remembered most for the

1 destruction of Western art

3 preservation of Chinese historical sites

4 adoption of a capitalist economy
50 Which global issue is addressed in this cartoon?

1 human rights

2 environmental pollution

3 ethnic strife

4 Cold War tensions

Base your answer to question 32 on the cartoon below

32 Which statement best explains the situation shown in the cartoon?

(1) The world generally supports China’s government.

(2) Many countries are attempting to expand their colonial empires.

(3) Westerners are promoting Chinese investment in South America.

(4) China represents a way to expand Western exports.
Jan. 2004

Base your answer to question 44 on the chart

between 2000 and 2025 can be drawn from the

information provided by this chart?

(1) The fertility rate of Chinese women is

expected to increase.

(2) Chinese life expectancy will likely decrease.

(4) By 2025, the birthrate in China will probably double.

Base your answer to question 37 on the graphs below and on your knowledge of social studies.

37 In 2050, which concern will the Chinese government have to address as a result of the

shift in the makeup of its population?

(1) military defense spending (3) needs of an aging population

(2) production of consumer goods (4) education of young people

India Independence

Geography

Regents Practice
Jan. 2004

3 Italy, Korea, Spain, and India are similar in that

each is considered

(1) an archipelago

(3) a landlocked nation

(4) an island nation
Aug. 2004

4 In India, Bangladesh, and much of Southeast

Asia, agricultural productivity is most affected by the

(1) seasonal monsoons (3) numerous deserts

(2) unnavigable rivers (4) cold climate

36 “India made detailed preparations for war with

Pakistan yesterday, although senior officers said

offensive operations would have to wait for the

end of searing summer temperatures and the

monsoon rain which follows. . . .”

— The Daily Telegraph (London), May 21, 2002
Which conclusion is based on this passage?

(1) Military offensives often succeed because of monsoons.

(2) Pakistan will be destroyed by flooding and drought.

(3) Geographic factors can influence a nation’s

military decisions.

(4) Trade has a major impact on political life in India.

Base your answer to question 34 on the map below

34 Which letter identifies the nation most closely

associated with Mohandas Gandhi?

(1) A (3) C

(2) B (4) D

India Independence

Regents Practice
June 2000

Base your answers to questions 19 and 20 on the

statements below and on your knowledge of social

studies.
Statement 1: “This organization is created for the

purpose of realizing the national ideal:

the union of all Serbs.”

—Bylaws of the Black Hand
Statement 2: “. . . people . . . would think themselves

happier even under their bad government

than they might be under the good

government of a foreign power.”

—Mohandas Gandhi,

adapted from Indian Opinion, 1905

considered one land and the German

people one people.”

—Heinrich von Gagern,

The Call for German Unity
Statement 4: “We ardently wish to free Italy from

foreign rule. We agree that we must put

aside all petty differences in order to

gain this most important goal. We wish

to drive out the foreigners not only

because we want to see our country

powerful and glorious, but also because

we want to elevate the Italian people in

intelligence and moral development.”

—Count Camillo di Cavour, 1810–1861

19 The foreign power referred to in Statement 2 is

1 Russia 3 Great Britain

2 Brazil 4 Japan
20 Which idea is expressed by all the statements?

1 War is a means of achieving national policies.

2 Industrial growth is critical to a country’s prosperity.

3 Social class differences are the source of all conflicts.

31 Which statement about the problems of Indian

independence is a fact rather than an opinion?

1 Stronger government leadership would have

prevented bloodshed.

2 Control of India by Great Britain brought

more benefits than difficulties.

3 Muslim leaders wanted their own separate

Muslim state.

4 India would have been more prosperous if it

had remained a colony.

India Independence

Regents Practice
Aug. 2000

28 “It has impoverished the dumb millions by a system

of progressive exploitation. . . . It has reduced

us politically to serfdom. It has sapped the foundation

of our culture . . . and degraded us spiritually.”

—Mohandas K. Gandhi, 1930

2 India’s involvement in World War II

3 the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie

4 the British endorsement of apartheid in South Africa

33 A sense of national unity has been difficult to

maintain in India because of

1 its reliance on foreign aid

2 the emergence of a mixed economic system

3 the continuing influence of militarism

40 A similarity of the goals of Nelson Mandela and

Mohandas Gandhi is that both leaders wanted to

1 secure political power for the majority of the people

2 encourage a greater degree of industrialization

3 improve the economy by expanding governmental control

4 gain independence from the Soviet Union

21 Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the

influence of the British colonial period?

1 constitutional government

2 arranged marriages

3 religious tradition of Hinduism

4 caste system

35 Which situation contributed to the success of

Mohandas Gandhi’s campaign of civil disobedience

in India?

1 Pakistan and Bangladesh were involved in civil wars.

2 The United States came to Gandhi’s aid with

food and clothing.

3 Sikhs and Muslims wanted to create a new nation.

47 Several historic events are listed below.

B. Establishment of the caste system

C. British colonization of the Indian subcontinent

D. Gandhi’s Salt March

of events?

(1) A → B → C → D

(2) B → C → D →A

(3) C → D → A →B

(4) D → B → A →C
June 2002

38 “Moral results can only be obtained through

moral restraints.”

— Mohandas Gandhi

(1) westernization (3) balance of power

(2) neutrality (4) passive resistance
June 2002

50 Which headline describes an event during India’s

fight for independence?
(1) “Gandhi Leads Salt March”

(2) “Kenyatta and Mau Maus Move Against

(3) “Cecil Rhodes Unites Continent”

(4) “Ho Chi Minh Leads Rebel Forces”
Aug. 2002

34 “Don’t pay your taxes or send your children to an

English supported school . . . Make your own cotton

cloth by spinning the thread at home, and

don’t buy English-made goods. Provide yourselves

with homemade salt, and do not buy

government-made salt.”

— Mohandas Gandhi

commitment to

(1) armed rebellion (3) criminal acts

(2) civil disobedience (4) guerrilla tactics
India Independence

Regents Practice
Aug. 2002

49 The Boxer Rebellion, the Salt March, and the

Iranian Revolution were reactions against

(1) Mongol rule

(2) rapid industrialization

(3) Western influence

(4) economic depression

49 Mahatma Gandhi and Jomo Kenyatta were similar

in that both

(1) supported colonial policies

(3) led a worldwide boycott of British goods

(4) used violent revolution to achieve their aims
Jan. 2004

33 “. . . Passive resistance is a method of securing

rights by personal suffering, it is the reverse of

resistance by arms. When I refuse to do a thing

that is repugnant [objectionable] to my

conscience, I use soul-force. For instance, the

Government of the day has passed a law which is

applicable to me. I do not like it. If by using

violence I force the Government to repeal the

law, I am employing what may be termed body

force. If I do not obey the law and accept the

penalty for its breach, I use soul-force. It involves

sacrifice of self. . . .”
Source: M. K. Gandhi, Indian Home Rule,

Navajivan Publishing

(1) have no control over events

(3) must use violence to influence events

(4) can influence events by using military force
Jan. 2004

47 Which historical development showed the desire

of a group to gain independence from a colonial power?

(1) rise of the Nazi Party in Germany

(2) Solidarity movement in Poland

(3) Tiananmen Square uprising in China

28 “Gandhi Calls for Boycott of British Textiles”

“Gandhi and Followers Complete March to the Sea”

“Gandhi Begins Hunger Fast”

(1) nonalignment (3) appeasement

(2) isolationism (4) nonviolence
June 2005

48 A common element in the movements for

German unification, Italian unification, and

Indian independence was the

(1) support of the Catholic Church

(2) strength of nationalist leaders

(3) mediation of the League of Nations

(4) existence of democratic institutions
June 2005

49 Which leader is most closely associated with the

use of civil disobedience in a struggle to end

colonial rule?

(1) Momar Khadafi (3) Ho Chi Minh

(2) Saddam Hussein (4) Mohandas Gandhi

44 What was one similar goal shared by Simón

Bolívar and Mohandas Gandhi?

(1) ending foreign control

(2) promoting religious freedom

(3) establishing a limited monarchy

(4) creating collective farms

Base your answer to question 34 on the map below

and on your knowledge of social studies.
34 Which letter identifies the nation most closely

associated with Mohandas Gandhi?

(1) A (3) C

(2) B (4) D