Partition Regents Practice

31 Which statement about the problems of Indian

independence is a fact rather than an opinion?

1 Stronger government leadership would have

prevented bloodshed.

2 Control of India by Great Britain brought

more benefits than difficulties.

3 Muslim leaders wanted their own separate

Muslim state.

4 India would have been more prosperous if it

had remained a colony.
Jan. 2002

42 One way in which the partition of India in 1947

and the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1992 are similar

is that after each event

(1) stable democratic governments were established

(2) problems arose between ethnic and religious groups

(3) economic prosperity produced high standards

of living

(4) traditional beliefs were abandoned for

Western ideas
Jan. 2002

47 Several historic events are listed below.

B. Establishment of the caste system

C. British colonization of the Indian subcontinent

D. Gandhi’s Salt March

of events?

(1) A → B → C → D

(2) B → C → D →A

(3) C → D → A →B

(4) D → B → A →C
Jan. 2003

47 Which title best completes this partial outline?

(2) Causes of Industrialization

(3) Reasons for Colonialism

(4) Reasons for Cultural Borrowing

36 The partition of India and the division of

Yugoslavia were similar in that both were divided

(1) as a result of the Berlin Conference

(3) to form communist and noncommunist states

(4) to conform to United Nations guidelines
Aug. 2004

38 Which statement related to the recent history of

Pakistan is an opinion?

(1) Pakistan gained its independence from

Britain in 1947.

(2) The majority of the people who live in

Pakistan are Muslims.

(3) Pakistan would be better off if it was still part

of India.

(4) Mohammed Ali Jinnah was a major leader in

Pakistan’s independence movement.
June 2005

35 During the Indian independence movement,

many Muslims in India demanded a separate

state of Pakistan to

(1) remain under British control

(2) prevent future invasions from Afghanistan

and China

(3) address concerns about their status as a religious

minority

(4) protect the sacred rivers, the Indus and the

Ganges
Jan. 2006

34 What was one reason that India was divided into

two nations in 1947?

(1) Indian leaders disagreed about India’s role in

the United Nations.

(2) Great Britain feared a unified India would be

a military threat.

(3) The Soviet Union insisted that India should

have a communist government.

(4) Differences between the Hindus and the

Muslims created religious conflict.
India - Problems

Regents Practice
Aug. 2000

33 A sense of national unity has been difficult to

maintain in India because of

1 its reliance on foreign aid

2 the emergence of a mixed economic system

3 the continuing influence of militarism

41 During the 20th century, one effect of industrialization

on the culture of India was the

(1) increased movement of people from rural to

urban areas

(2) reduction of social class mobility

(3) strengthening of cottage industries

(4) decline in the economic and political power of women

41 Which factor has been the greatest challenge to

political stability in India?

(1) ethnic and social divisions within the population

(2) lack of voter participation

(3) geographic diversity within the nation

(4) shortage of qualified candidates for elected office

46 In India, the population movement from rural to

urban areas has resulted in

(1) a revival of interest in traditional values

(2) the weakening of the nuclear family

(3) the end of hostilities between Hindus and Muslims

48 Which issue continues to raise concern from the

world community regarding the nations of India,

Iraq, Pakistan, and North Korea?

(1) overpopulation

(2) ethnic cleansing

(3) desertification

(4) nuclear proliferation

India - Problems

Regents Practice
Jan. 2003

Base your answer to question 44 on the statements

below that appeared in a newspaper in 1998.
“In response to the nuclear tests, people in New

Delhi took to the streets lighting firecrackers, thanking

Hindu gods, and crying out, ‘Bharat Mata Jai!’

(Victory to Mother India).”

economic sanctions on India’s government for detonating

three underground nuclear explosions.”
44 Which statement is supported by these two news

excerpts?

(1) India is falling behind in the race to develop

nuclear weapons.

(2) The United States officially supports India’s

nuclear weapons program.

(4) India’s development of nuclear weapons will

improve chances for peace in the region.
Aug. 2003

25 Since the late 1940s, Northern Ireland, India, and

Israel have all faced which common problem?

(1) the need to adjust to a post-communist

political system

(2) continued violent confrontations between

different religious groups

(3) economic depression that resulted from rapid

industrialization

(4) overpopulation of urban centers

39 In India, urbanization affected society by

(1) reinforcing Hindu beliefs

(2) encouraging native arts and crafts

(4) increasing the number of farmers

41 • The people of Kashmir demand separation

from India.

• The people of East Timor vote for

independence from Indonesia.

• The Tibetans resent control of their country by

China.

• The Kurds want to establish their own

different peoples to achieve

(1) free-market systems

(2) democratic governments

(3) social equality

(4) self-determination
June 2004

43 The late 20th-century conflicts in Rwanda,

Yugoslavia, and India were similar in that each

was caused by the

(1) deforestation conducted by multinational companies

(2) collapse of communism

(3) intervention of United Nations peacekeeping forces

(4) rivalries between ethnic groups
Aug. 2005

38 Which statement best describes a problem facing

India today?

(1) Democracy has failed to gain popular

support.

(2) Religious and ethnic diversity has continued

to cause conflict.

(3) A decrease in population has led to labor

shortages.

(4) Lack of technology has limited military

capabilities.
Aug. 2006

41 “Tensions Increase Over Kashmir”

“Hindus and Muslims Clash in Calcutta Riots”

“Threat of Nuclear Conflict Worries World”

(1) Latin America

(2) sub-Saharan Africa

(3) subcontinent of India

(4) East Asia

33 Border conflicts between India and Pakistan have

most often occurred in

(1) Kashmir (3) Tibet

(2) East Timor (4) Afghanistan

Aug. 2004

Base your answer to question 40 on the cartoon

below and on your knowledge of social studies.
40 What is the cartoonist’s view about democracy

in India since 1947?

(1) India has become a democratic nation after

fifty years.

(2) India has led Asia in democratic reforms.

(3) India is not a democratic nation and has not

been for the last five decades.

(4) India’s progress in becoming a democratic

nation has been slow.

June 2006

Base your answer to question 41 on the cartoon

41 What is the main idea of this cartoon?

(2) Women have become outspoken supporters

of the government in India.

(3) The United Nations only holds conferences

on problems that are easy to solve.

(4) India is the most populated nation in the world.

41 Which statement best describes India’s foreign

policy between 1947 and 1990?

(1) It imitated Great Britain’s policies.

(2) It usually reflected the policies of China.

(3) It rejected all assistance from communist dictatorships.

40 After World War II, India and many other developing

nations sought to avoid being dominated by

the superpowers by following a policy of

(1) containment (3) militarism

(2) nonalignment (4) isolationism


Green Revolution

Regents Practice
June 2000

32 The main goal of the Green Revolution was to

1 prevent further destruction of the world’s rain forests

2 solve chronic food shortages through the use of

technology

3 expand the economies of developing nations

with foreign investment

4 insure that foreign aid was received by people

with the greatest need
June 2001

45 The Green Revolution of the 1960s resulted in

(1) the destruction of large industrial enterprises

(2) an increase of food output in many developing nations

(3) a decrease in world agricultural output

(4) improvements in human genetic engineering
June 2002

43 The term “Green Revolution” refers to

(1) the study of the natural world

(2) an increase in worldwide food and agricultural resources

(3) a shift from making goods by hand to making

them by machine

(4) an uprising of farmers and industrial workers

27 “Famine seems to be the last, the most dreadful

resource of nature. The power of population is so

superior to the power in the earth to provide subsistence

for man, that premature death must in

some shape or other visit the human race. . . .”

— Thomas Malthus, “Essay on Population,” 1798
This prediction proved to be wrong in part

because of increases in

(1) ethnic cleansing

(2) farm productivity

(3) the number of wars

(4) the number of droughts
Jan. 2003

46 Since the 1960s, famine in many parts of the

world has been reduced by

(1) increased urbanization

(2) global warming

(3) laissez-faire capitalism

Base your answer to question 40 on the chart below and on your knowledge of social studies.

40 Between 1960 and 1987, a major effect of the Green Revolution on India was

(1) a decrease in the production of grain after 1975

(2) an increase in grain imports after 1984

(4) a steady decrease in grain imports from 1960 to 1966

40 “India Strives for Grain Self-Sufficiency by 1970”

“New Wheat Variety Grows in Arid Climate”

“Chemical Fertilizer Use Rises 10% in 1960”

“Sri Lanka’s Rice Production Increases 25% in Three

Years”
These newspaper headlines from the 1960s and

1970s describe some of the results of the

(1) Sepoy Mutiny

(2) Kashmir crisis

(4) Computer Revolution

3 Italy, Korea, Spain, and India are similar in that

each is considered

(1) an archipelago

(3) a landlocked nation

(4) an island nation
June 2004

30 When Koreans call their land “a shrimp among

whales,” they are referring to

(1) the mountains that cover much of the Korean

peninsula

(2) the environmental damage caused by

overfishing in the Pacific

(3) their traditional respect for the sea

14 Which statement best describes an impact of

geography on the history of the Korean peninsula?

(1) Large deserts have led to isolation.

(3) Lack of rivers has limited food production.

(4) Lack of natural resources has prevented

development of manufacturing.

48 Which issue continues to raise concern from the

world community regarding the nations of India,

Iraq, Pakistan, and North Korea?

(1) overpopulation

(2) ethnic cleansing

(3) desertification

(4) nuclear proliferation
June 2004

47 Which set of events is in the correct chronological order?

(1) Renaissance → Middle Ages → Roman Empire

(2) Treaty of Versailles →World War II → Korean War

(3) Reformation→ Crusades → European exploration of the Americas

(4) Bolshevik Revolution →French Revolution → American Revolution
Aug. 2004

41 Which problem has faced both Cuba and North

Korea under communist rule?

(1) Their monarchs have been ineffective rulers.

(2) Their governments have played a limited role

in the economy.

(3) Their workers have called many strikes.

(4) Their command economies have been

inefficient.
Jan. 2006

40 One similarity between the Korean War and the

Vietnam War is that both wars were

(1) resolved through the diplomatic efforts of the

United Nations

(2) fought as a result of differing political

ideologies during the Cold War

(3) fought without foreign influence or assistance

(4) caused by religious conflicts


Vietnam

Regents Practice
June 2000

36 One way in which Simón Bolívar, Jomo Kenyatta,

and Ho Chi Minh are similar is that each leader

1 sought independence from colonial rule

2 ruled during a period of peace and prosperity

3 demanded human rights for all citizens

4 established a totalitarian government

45 One way in which Simón Bolívar, Camillo di

Cavour, and Ho Chi Minh were similar is that they

1 encouraged a spirit of nationalism among their people

2 enlisted the support of European nations to

achieve their goals

3 opposed territorial expansion of their nations

4 followed the ideas of Thomas Hobbes in establishing

systems of government

43 A factor that contributed to the success of both

Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam and Mao Zedong in

China was their ability to combine

(1) imperialism and traditionalism

(2) nationalism and communism

(3) ethnocentrism and democracy

(4) isolationism and capitalism
Jan. 2002

34 One way in which Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)

of China, Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam, and Jomo

Kenyatta of Kenya were similar is that they all

(1) supported close ties with their former colonial powers

(2) opposed United Nations membership for

their governments

(3) led nationalistic movements in their nation

(4) resisted attempts to modernize their nation’s

political and social institutions
June 2003

38 One similarity in the actions of Ho Chi Minh and

Jomo Kenyatta was that both leaders

(1) introduced Western ideas to their societies

(2) established democratic forms of government

(3) led nationalist movements

(4) supported separation of church and state

37 One similarity in the histories of Germany and

Vietnam is that both nations

(1) were once divided but have since been reunited

(2) remained nonaligned during the Cold War period

(3) have chosen a democratic form of government in recent years

(4) were once colonized by other European nations

38 The political ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro,

and Pol Pot were strongly influenced by the

writings of

(1) Confucius (3) Desmond Tutu

(2) Mohandas Gandhi (4) Karl Marx

40 One similarity between the Korean War and the

Vietnam War is that both wars were

(1) resolved through the diplomatic efforts of the

United Nations

(2) fought as a result of differing political

ideologies during the Cold War

(3) fought without foreign influence or assistance

(4) caused by religious conflicts

Japan – Economic Power

Regents Practice
June 2000

29 A scarcity of natural resources and the limits of its

land area have forced Japan to focus on

1 exporting agricultural products

2 expanding its command economy

3 returning to an isolationist policy

31 To maintain its economic position, Japan has

often limited the number of cars or the quantity

of farm products that the United States can sell in

Japan. Japan has imposed these limits to develop

1 an equality-of-trade position

3 a more open market

4 a belief system
June 2003

39 Which statement describes the economic history

of Japan since World War II?

(1) Japan has been limited in industrial development

by the occupation of the United States.

(2) Japan has developed a strong economic base

built on the export of manufactured goods.

(3) Japan has withdrawn from the world economic

community and has practiced economic selfsufficiency.

(4) Japan has concentrated on rebuilding its

defense industries.


Middle East

Geography

Regents Practice
Aug. 2001

50 Which geographic characteristic has had a similar

influence on Turkey, Egypt, and Panama?

(1) isolation of people by mountain ranges

(3) expansion of deserts into fertile lands

(4) possession of large deposits of oil
June 2003

42 During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the

democracies in the West competed for influence

in the Middle East because of its

(2) vast fertile farmlands and rivers

(3) large well-educated population

(4) industrial potential

49 The Panama Canal and Suez Canal are similar in

that both

(1) shortened shipping routes between major

bodies of water

(2) were built by the British to expand their empire

(3) replaced the Silk Road as the world’s main trade route

(4) directly connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

44 Which factor is most responsible for the international

importance of the Middle East?

(1) innovative political and social reforms

(2) superior weapons technology

(3) vital natural resources in a strategic location

(4) advanced scientific and industrial development

36 Most of the world’s known oil reserves are located

near which geographic area?

(1) Persian Gulf (3) Ural Mountains

(2) North Sea (4) Gulf of Mexico

26 The British government took control of the Suez Canal

and Singapore during the 19th century in order to

(1) sell petroleum to these territories

(2) gain more converts to Christianity

(3) ensure safe passage on strategic waterways

(4) transport laborers directly to the Americas

48 A major argument used to support the building of

the Suez and Panama Canals was that these

waterways would

(2) strengthen command economies

(3) increase competition for trade

(4) promote the local economy

33 A long-term effect of the Balfour Declaration on

the Middle East was the

(1) oppression of the Kurds by the government of Iraq

(3) strengthening of parliamentary rule in Turkey

(4) establishment of a two-party system in Lebanon
Aug. 2001

47 One reason the Persian Gulf War (1990–1991)

was fought was to protect

(1) the agricultural interests of Southwest Asia

(3) direct access to the Mediterranean Sea

(4) British control of Saudi Arabia
June 2002

34 “His majesty’s government views with favour the

establishment in Palestine of a national homeland

for the Jewish people . . . it being clearly understood

that nothing shall be done which may prejudice

the religious and civil rights of existing non-

Jewish communities in Palestine. . . .”

— Lord Balfour, 1917

related to Lord Balfour’s statement?

(1) Pan Slavism

(2) Organization for African Unity

(3) Pan Africanism

(4) International Zionism
June 2002

40 A major source of the dispute between the

Israelis and the Palestinians is that each side

(1) wants to control oil resources in the area

(3) believes in different interpretations of the

same religion

(4) has close military alliances with neighboring

countries
June 2003

42 During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the

democracies in the West competed for influence

in the Middle East because of its

(2) vast fertile farmlands and rivers

(3) large well-educated population

(4) industrial potential

25 Since the late 1940s, Northern Ireland, India, and

Israel have all faced which common problem?

(1) the need to adjust to a post-communist

political system

(2) continued violent confrontations between

different religious groups

(3) economic depression that resulted from rapid

industrialization

(4) overpopulation of urban centers

32 The early 20th-century Zionist movement calling

for the establishment of a Jewish homeland was

an example of

(1) imperialism (3) capitalism

(2) nationalism (4) isolationism
June 2004

41 • The people of Kashmir demand separation

from India.

• The people of East Timor vote for

independence from Indonesia.

• The Tibetans resent control of their country by

China.

• The Kurds want to establish their own

different peoples to achieve

(1) free-market systems

(2) democratic governments

(3) social equality