Gonzaga Debate Institute 2011 Mercury China Coop Aff
China Soft Power Bad Answer – Coop Solves
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China Soft Power Bad Answer – Coop SolvesChina’s soft power is so strong it will eventually draw in US allies and isolate the US, cementing China’s rise to power – only US cooperation can solve Imran Masters candidate at Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 10 (Mara, “China's space program : a new tool for PRC "soft power" in international relations?” accessed:7-01-11, http://run.unl.pt/handle/10362/5473 pg13)TJL China’s space program goes far beyond just military counterspace applications, manned space aspirations, and lunar exploration endeavors. Its pursuit of both commercial and scientific international space ventures constitutes a small, yet growing, percentage of the global space launch and related space satellite service industry and also highlights China’s willingness to cooperate with nations far away from Asia for political and strategic purposes. Thus, the importance lies in understanding how China, through greater cooperation in space-related ventures, is establishing long-term partnerships that may constitute a threat either to counter or even isolate the United States and enhance China’s “soft power,” amongst both key American allies as well as some developing nations in U.S. backyard. An appropriate U.S. response, however, may not lie in the military arena, but instead in a revival of both past U.S. space outreach efforts as well as more business-friendly export control policies. Spending Answer – Burden-SharingBurdensharing solves the link – coop saves money Zhou, Chinese Academy of the Sciences Center for Space Science and Applied Research and George Washington University professor, 8 [Yi, Space Policy 24, “Perspectives on Sino-US cooperation in civil space programs”, 132-139, Science Direct) Savings on the cost of US space projects to free up funds for more missions. Space science and space exploration activities are all extremely expensive, whether human or robotic. It is sometimes a waste of money and resources for different countries to explore the same unknown with the same scientific goals. Humans around the world should definitely share in pursuing these missions. In contrast, duplicated efforts will result in negative byproducts, such as more space debris and an increased perception of a space race. China’s space launch and satellite ability has advanced greatly. Its space budget is also very stable, although total funding is not very high. It is believed that China’s civil space budget will grow continually over the next 15 years. If the USA can supply some instruments to or engage in joint research with China, it will be able to save significantly on mission costs associated with instrument development and launch. The USA would thus have more money for other worthwhile projects which other countries do not have the ability to do at present. This would obviously help the USA maintain its ‘‘space leadership’’. Cooperation with China would reduce costs Logan, Specialist in Resources, Science, and Industry Division, 8 (Jeffrey, CRS Report for Congress, “China’s Space Program: Options for U.S.-China Cooperation”, 11/29/8, p.6, accessed 7/1/11, CW) The potential benefits of expanded cooperation and dialogue with China include: ! Improved transparency. Regular meetings could help the two nations understand each others’ intentions more clearly. Currently, there is mutual uncertainty and mistrust over space goals, resulting in the need for worst-case planning. ! Offsetting the need for China’s unilateral development. Collaborating with China — instead of isolating it — may keep the country dependent on U.S. technology rather than forcing it to develop technologies alone. This can give the United States leverage in other areas of the relationship. ! Cost savings. China now has the economic standing to support joint space cooperation. Cost-sharing of joint projects could help NASA achieve its challenging work load in the near future. Some have argued that U.S. space commerce has suffered from the attempt to isolate China while doing little to keep sensitive technology out of China. Cooperating with China offsets NASA’s budget and strengthens the economy Logan, Specialist in energy policy, Congressional Research Service 9-29-08 (Jeffrey has a M.S. in environmental science and Master in Public Administration,1995, Indiana University, School of Public and Environmental Affairs B.S. in aerospace engineering and B.A. in general arts and sciences, 1985, Pennsylvania State University http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS22777.pdf “China’s Space Program: Options for U.S.-China Cooperation,” pg. 6, accessed: 6-28-11) TJL Cost savings. China now has the economic standing to support joint space cooperation. Cost-sharing of joint projects could help NASA achieve its challenging work load in the near future. Some have argued that U.S. space commerce has suffered from the attempt to isolate China while doing little to keep sensitive technology out of China. Politics Aff – Plan Would Be a WinPlan would be a win – he is following through on cooperation pledge, and burden-sharing Svitak, Space News, 5-4-11 [Amy, Space News, “China Viewed as Potential U.S. Partner in Future Mars Exploration”, http://www.spacenews.com/policy/110504-china-partner-mars-exploration.html, accessed 7-10-11] U.S. President Barack Obama views China as a potential partner for an eventual human mission to Mars that would be difficult for any single nation to undertake, a senior White House official told lawmakers. Testifying May 4 before the House Appropriations commerce, justice, science subcommittee, White House science adviser John Holdren said near-term engagement with China in civil space will help lay the groundwork for any such future endeavor. He prefaced his remarks with the assertion that human exploration of Mars is a long-term proposition and that any discussion of cooperating with Beijing on such an effort is speculative. “[What] the president has deemed worth discussing with the Chinese and others is that when the time comes for humans to visit Mars, it’s going to be an extremely expensive proposition and the question is whether it will really make sense — at the time that we’re ready to do that — to do it as one nation rather than to do it in concert,” Holdren said in response to a question from Rep. Frank Wolf (R-Va.), a staunch China critic who chairs the powerful subcommittee that oversees NASA spending. Holdren, who said NASA could also benefit from cooperating with China on detection and tracking of orbital debris, stressed that any U.S. collaboration with Beijing in manned spaceflight would depend on future Sino-U.S. relations. “But many of us, including the president, including myself, including [NASA Administrator Charles] Bolden, believe that it’s not too soon to have preliminary conversations about what involving China in that sort of cooperation might entail,” Holdren said. “If China is going to be, by 2030, the biggest economy in the world … it could certainly be to our benefit to share the costs of such an expensive venture with them and with others.” Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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