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Adv. because &c. (cause) 153; on the scent, on the right scent. Int



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Adv. because &c. (cause) 153; on the scent, on the right scent.

Int. eureka!
#463. Experiment. -- N. experiment; essay &c. (attempt) 675; analysis &c. (investigation) 461; screen; trial, tentative method, tâtonnement.

verification, probation, experimentum crucis[Lat], proof, (demonstration) 478; criterion, diagnostic, test, probe, crucial test, acid test, litmus test.

crucible, reagent, check, touchstone, pix[obs3]; assay, ordeal; ring; litmus paper, curcuma paper[obs3], turmeric paper; test tube; analytical instruments &c. 633.

empiricism, rule of thumb.

feeler; trial balloon, pilot balloon, messenger balloon; pilot engine; scout; straw to show the wind.

speculation, random shot, leap in the dark.

analyzer, analyst, assayist[obs3]; adventurer; experimenter, experimentist[obs3], experimentalist; scientist, engineer, technician.

subject, experimentee[obs3], guinea pig, experimental animal.

[experimental method] protocol, experimental method, blind experiment, double-blind experiment, controlled experiment.

poll, survey, opinion poll.

epidemiological survey[Med], retrospective analysis, retrospective survey, prospective survey, prospective analysis; statistical analysis.

literature search, library research.

tryout, audition.

[results of experiment] discovery &c. 480; measurement &c. 466; evidence &c. 467.

[reasoning about an experiment] deduction, induction, abduction.

V. experiment; essay &c. (endeavor) 675; try, try out, assay; make an experiment, make a trial of; give a trial to; put on trial, subject to trial; experiment upon; rehearse; put to the test, bring to the test, submit to the test, submit to the proof; prove, verify, test, touch, practice upon, try one's strength; road-test, test drive, take for a spin; test fly.

grope; feel one's way, grope for one's way; fumble, tâtonner, aller â tâtons[Fr], put out a feeler, throw out a feeler; send up a trial balloon, send up a pilot balloon; see how the land lies, get the lay of the land, test the waters, feel out, sound out, take the pulse, see, check, check out[coll.], see how the wind blows; consult the barometer; feel the pulse; fish for, bob for; cast for, beat about for; angle, trawl, cast one's net, beat the bushes.

try one's fortune &c. (adventure) 675; explore &c. (inquire) 461.

Adj. experimental, empirical.

probative, probatory[obs3], probationary, provisional; analytic, docimastic[obs3]; tentative;unverified, unproven, speculative, untested.



Adv. on trial, under examination, on probation, under probation, on one's trial, on approval.

Phr. check it out, give it a try, see how it goes; "Run it up the flagpole and see who salutes."
#464. Comparison. -- N. comparison, collation, contrast; identification; comparative estimate, relative estimate, relativity.

simile, similitude, analogy (similarity) 17; allegory &c. (metaphor) 521.

matching, pattern-matching.

[quantitative comparison] ratio, proportion (number) 84.

[results of comparison] discrimination 465; indiscrimination 465a[obs3]; identification 465b.

V. compare to, compare with; collate, confront; place side by side, juxtapose &c. (near) 197; set against one another, pit against one another; contrast, balance.

identify, draw a parallel, parallel.

compare notes; institute a comparison; parva componere magnis[Lat]..

Adj. comparative; metaphorical &c. 521.

compared with &c. v.; comparable; judged by comparison.



Adv. relatively &c. (relation) 9; as compared with &c. v.

Phr. comparisons are odious; " comparisons are odorous " [Much Ado about Nothing].

#464a. Incomparability [Lack of comparison] -- N. incomparability; incommensurability; indistinguishablility &c. 465a.

Adj. incommensurable, incommensurate; incomparable; different &c.15.

Phr. like apples and oranges; no basis for comparison; no standard for comparison.
#465. [results of comparison. 1] Discrimination. -- N. discrimination, distinction, differentiation, diagnosis, diorism[obs3]; nice perception; perception of difference, appreciation of difference; estimation &c. 466; nicety, refinement; taste &c. 850; critique, judgment; tact; discernment &c. (intelligence) 498; acuteness, penetration; nuances.

dope*, past performances.



V. discriminate, distinguish, severalize[obs3]; recognize, match, identify; separate; draw the line, sift; separate the chaff from the wheat, winnow the chaff from the wheat; separate the men from the boys; split hairs, draw a fine line, nitpick, quibble.

estimate &c. (measure) 466; know which is which, know what is what, know " a hawk from a handsaw" [Hamlet].

take into account, take into consideration; give due weight to, allow due weight to; weigh carefully.

Adj. discriminating &c. v.; dioristic[obs3], discriminative, distinctive; nice.

Phr. il y a fagots et fagots; rem acu tetigisti[Lat][obs3]; la critique est aisee et l'art est difficile [Fr]; miles apart; a distinction without a difference.

#465a. [results of comparison. 2] Indiscrimination. -- N. indiscrimination[obs3], indistinguishability; indistinctness, indistinction[obs3]; uncertainty &c. (doubt) 475; incomparability &c. 464a.

V. not discriminate &c. 465; overlook &c. (neglect) 460 a distinction: confound, confuse.

Adj. indiscriminate; undistinguished[obs2], indistinguishable, undistinguishable[obs3]; unmeasured; promiscuous, undiscriminating.

Phr. valeat quantum valere potest[Lat.].
#465b. [results of comparison. 3] Identification.-- N. identification, recognition, diagnosis, match; apperception, assimilation; dereplication; classification; memory &c. 505; interpretation &c. 522; cognizance (knowledge) 490.

V. identify, recognize, match, match up; classify; recall, remember &c. (memory) 505; find similarity (similarity) 17; put in its proper place, put in its proper niche, place in order (arrangement) 60.
[[measure]]

<-- here, measurement is the action -->

#466. Measurement. -- N. measurement, admeasurement[obs3], mensuration.

survey, valuation, appraisement, assessment, assize.

estimate, estimation; dead reckoning, reckoning &c. (numeration) 85; gauging &c. v.; horse power.

metrology, weights and measures, compound arithmetic.

{{has_conceptual_part}} measure.

{{has_subtype(measure)}} yard measure, standard, rule, foot rule, compass, calipers; gage, gauge; meter, line, rod, check; dividers; velo[obs3].

flood mark, high water mark; Plimsoll line; index &c. 550.

scale; graduation, graduated scale; nonius[obs3]; vernier &c. (minuteness) 193.

[ref: instruments for measuring P2.3.1.3.12.3.1 ]

measurability, computability, determinability[obs3].

{{has_conceptual_part}} coordinate.

{{has_subtype(coordinate) linear coordinate; angular coordinate.

{{has_subtype(linear coordinate): @R244, ordinate, abscissa}}.

{{has_subtype(angular coordinate): @R244a, angle, polar coordinates, latitude and longitude, declination and right ascension, altitude and azimuth}}.

{{studied_in}} geometry, stereometry[obs3], hypsometry[obs3]; metage[obs3]; surveying, land surveying; geodesy, geodetics[obs3], geodesia[obs3]; orthometry[obs3], altimetry[obs3]; cadastre[Fr].

astrolabe, armillary sphere[obs3].

land surveyor; geometer.

{{uses: quantity, R25}}.

{{uses: number, R84}}.

V. measure, mete; determine, assay; evaluate, value, assess, rate, appraise, estimate, form an estimate, set a value on; appreciate; standardize.

span, pace step; apply the compass &c. n.; gauge, plumb, probe, sound, fathom; heave the log, heave the lead; survey.

weigh.

take an average &c. 29; graduate.



Adj. measuring &c. v.; metric , metrical;

measurable, perceptible, noticeable, detectable, appreciable, ponderable, determinable, fathomable;

geodetical, topographic, topographical, cartographic, cartographical.
M3 Mental Objects

M3.1 Ideas, knowledge (R453, 454)

M3.1.1 Simple Concepts



<-- here we put the generalized concept of "concept, knowledge, information", treating these as objects independent of the knowing entity. This is necessary as an addition to the Roget classification, since the entries "knowledge", "information", and "idea" in Roget relate primarily to the act of knowing in humans. -->

<-- we distinguish a concept as a single idea, and a topic as a complex of ideas -->

M3.1.1.1 Concept [[idea]]



N. -- {{conceptual_part_of(topic)}} concept, idea, conception.

{{has_manifestation}} word, phrase; description; mental image, image.


<-- in the entry "information", below, the relation "has_requirement", which is usually used to indicate the requirement of some condition for an action here indicates the requirement of a medium for the existence of information. -->

M3.1.1.2 Information. [[lore]][[information]]

N. -- Information, knowledge, data, facts; lore, wisdom, science.

$$

{{has_manifestation: words; statements, assertions; pictures, illustrations, pictorial information; representation (R554)}} symbolic data representation; graphics; encoded data.



{{studied_in}} information theory.

{{has_units}} bit.

{{has_units}}{{in_subject(computers, P2.3.1.3.15.4)}} byte, word, doubleword[Comp], quad word, paragraph, segment.

{{has_requirement}} data storage.

{{has_concern}} information retrieval; knowledge representation; data encoding.

{{has_requirement(data storage)}} data storage medium.

{{has_subtype(data storage medium)}} human memory.

{{has_subtype(data storage medium): document, R590}}.

{{in_subject(Digital Computer, P2.3.1.3.15.4.1.2)}} {{has_subtype(data storage medium): paper tape; magnetic media, optical media; random access memory, RAM; read-only memory, ROM; write once read mostly memory, WORM}}.

{{has_concern(data storage)}} data compression.

M3.1.1.3 Idea (R453)

#453. [Object of thought.] Idea. -- N. idea, notion, concept, conception, thought; apprehension, impression, perception, mental image, image, eidolon/gr>[Grk].

sentiment, reflection, observation, consideration; abstract idea.

archetype, paradigm, formative notion; guiding conception, organizing conception; image in the mind, regulative principle.

view &c. (opinion) 484; theory &c. 514; conceit, fancy; phantasy &c. (imagination) 515.point of view &c. (aspect) 448; field of view.


<-- p. 128 -->
<-- recall distinction between objective reality and perception thereof: noumenon and phenomenon -->
<-- we consider a topic as a complex of simple ideas -->

M3.1.1.4 Topic (R454)



#454. [Subject of thought, ] Topic. -- N. {{propert_of(complexity)}} {{conceptual_part_of(concept, M3.1.1.1 )}} topic, subject, subject matter, matter, theme, [Grk], what it is about, thesis, business, affair.

matter in hand, argument.

{[of(document)]} text.

{{conceptual_part_of: document}}.

{{conceptual_part_of: speech}}.

{[of(document/speech/illustration)]} contents, gist, essence, substance.

meaning, implication, sum and substance.

{[of(document/speech)]} {{has_representation: @R564, heading, title}}.

{[of(illustration)]} {{has_representation: @R564 caption}}.

{{in_subject(parliamentary debate/committee}} motion, resolution.

{{has_part(document, R590)}} title, running title, heading, head, chapter, section.

case, point; proposition, theorem; field of inquiry; subject of thought, material for thought, food for the mind, mental pabulum; moot point, problem &c. (question) 461.

{{member_of: agenda, @R86}}.

V. float in the mind , pass in the mind &c. 451.

Adj. topical, thought of; uppermost in the mind; in petto.

Adv. under consideration; in question, in the mind; on the agenda, on foot, on the carpet, on the docket, on the tapis[obs3]; relative to &c. 9.
M3.1.2 Complex Concepts

M3.1.2.1 Theory

theory, postulate.

dogma, doctrine.

rule, law, rule of thumb.

<-- also idea systems(non-experimental: math, philosophy) -->
<-- here we enter procedure as a set of concepts, such as a written procedure. In Roget, the main entry for procedure is under voluntary action, which is an action, not a concept which can be a subject of

communication. -->

M3.1.2.2 Procedure -- N.

procedure, protocol; recipe.

{{similar_to: precept, R697}}.
M3.2 Instinct (R452)

#452. [Absence or want of thought.] Incogitancy. -- N. incogitancy[obs3], vacancy, inunderstanding[obs3]; fatuity &c. 499; thoughtlessness &c. (inattention) 458; vacuity.

couch potato, vegetable.

V. not think &c. 451; not think of; dismiss from the mind, dismiss from the thoughts &c. 451.

indulge in reverie &c. (be inattentive) 458.

put away thought; unbend the mind, relax the mind, divert the mind, veg out.

Adj. vacant, unintellectual, unideal[obs3], unoccupied, unthinking, inconsiderate, thoughtless, mindless, no-brain, vacuous; absent &c. (inattentive) 458; diverted; irrational &c. 499; narrow-minded &c. 481.

unthought of, undreamt of, unconsidered; off one's mind; incogitable[obs3], not to be thought of.



Phr. absence d'esprit; pabulum pictura pascit inani[Lat][obs3].
M3.3 Personal Affections {{similar_to: sympathetic affections, M8.3}}.

<-- this group is closely related to M8.3, sympathetic affections, under M8, mind-mind interactions, which were grouped with these affections in Roget. The Roget classification had linguistic validity because feelings are often directed at external objects, rather than having a potentially independent existence, such as ideas. However, to maintain the overall structure of this classification (the distinction between actions of an individual mind and mind-mind interactions), the entry here allows the "affections, feelings" class to be considered a mental object, though it is in some way similar to a mind-mind interaction. One of the main problems is the resulting large distance between many of the emotions listed here, and the emotions of love and hate, usually thought of in similar terms. -->

[[affections]]

N. affection, affect, affections, feeling.


<--

Note: entries

822. Sensibility 823. Insensibility

824. Excitation

825. Excitability 826. Inexcitability

moved to M4.2 properties of the affective faculty {{has_property(mind, R450)}}

-->

<-- here we distinguish propensities, habitual tendencies from less permanent feelings, and from personality, inborn characteristics: distinguish what one is from what one does

what one is goes to traits, P2.2.3

.. habitual tendencies, R820, are a cause of habits, R613

conditions as applied to humans is in human conditions P2.2.4

(e.g. "mood, frame of mind" is an immediate state, whereas this section on affections refers to habitual tendencies. Note that emotions, momentary feelings are in the next entry, R821, under feelings. -->

M3.3.1 Habitual Affections ...R820

#820. Affections. -- N. {{caused_by(habit, R613)}} affections, bent, bias, predisposition, proneness, proclivity, propensity; idiosyncrasy; cast of mind, cast of soul, habit of mind, habit of soul, frame of mind, frame of soul, diathesis[obs3]; predilection, sentiment, turn, natural turn of mind; propenseness[obs3], propension[obs3], propendency[obs1]; vein, humor, mood, grain, mettle; sympathy &c. (love) 897.

[ref: P2.2.3; trait, character, qualities, disposition, nature, spirit, tone; personality, temper, temperament].

[ref: human condition, state, R7a, P2.2.4].

[ref: characteristic R5a].

soul, heart, breast, bosom, inner man; heart's core, heart's strings, heart's blood; heart of hearts, bottom of one's heart, , penetralia mentis[Lat]; secret and inmost recesses of the heart, cockles of one's heart; inmost heart, inmost soul; backbone.

passion, pervading spirit; ruling passion, master passion; furore[obs3]; fullness of the heart, heyday of the blood, flesh and blood, flow of soul.

energy, fervor, fire, force.

{{similar_to: feelings, R821}}.

{{similar_to: ability, @R157(power)}}.

V. have affections, possess affections &c. n.; be of a character &c. n.; be affected &c. adj.; breathe.

Adj. affected, characterized, formed, molded, cast; attempered[obs3], tempered; framed; predisposed; prone, inclined; having a bias &c. n.; tinctured with, imbued with, penetrated with, eaten up with.

inborn, inbred, ingrained; deep-rooted, ineffaceable, inveterate; pathoscopic[obs2]; congenital, dyed in the wool, implanted by nature, inherent, in the grain.

affective [obs3][med. and general].

Adv. in one's heart &c. n.; at heart; heart and soul &c. 821.

Phr. "affection is a coal that must be cool'd else suffer'd it will set the heart on fire" [Venus and Adonis].
M3.3.2 Fleeting Affections ...R821 [[Emotion]]

<-- there may be reason to distinguish feeling and emotion, but for now they are kept as synonymous. How to classify "a feeling of despair"? We don't say "he has an emotion of despair". What is the difference? Is emotion a strong feeling? -->

#821. Feeling. Emotion. -- N. {{affects(human condition) feeling, emotion, affection, sentiment.

{{part_of}} mood, ease, frame of mind.

experience, response; impression, inspiration, sensation, pathos, deep sense; sympathy &c. (love) 897.

suffering &c. v.; endurance, tolerance, sufferance, supportance[obs3].

warmth, glow, unction, gusto, vehemence; fervor, fervency; heartiness, cordiality; earnestness, eagerness; empressement[Fr], gush, ardor, zeal, passion, enthusiasm, verve, furore[obs3], fanaticism; excitation of feeling &c. 824; fullness of the heart &c. (disposition) 820; passion &c. (state of excitability) 825; ecstasy &c. (pleasure) 827.

blush, suffusion, flush; hectic; tingling, thrill, turn, shock; agitation &c. (irregular motion) 315; quiver, heaving, flutter, flurry, fluster, twitter, tremor; throb, throbbing; pulsation, palpitation, panting; trepidation, perturbation; ruffle, hurry of spirits, pother, stew, ferment; state of excitement.

{{similar_to: affections, R820}}.

V. feel; receive an impression &c. n.; be impressed with &c. adj.; entertain feeling, harbor feeling, cherish feeling &c. n.

respond; catch the flame, catch the infection; enter the spirit of.

bear, suffer, support, sustain, endure, thole [obs3][Scottish], aby[obs3]; abide &c. (be composed) 826; experience &c. (meet with) 151; taste, prove; labor under, smart under; bear the brunt of, brave, stand.

swell, glow, warm, flush, blush, change color, mantle; turn color, turn pale, turn red, turn black in the face; tingle, thrill, heave, pant, throb, palpitate, go pitapat, tremble, quiver, flutter, twitter; shake &c. 315; be agitated, be excited &c. 824; look blue, look black; wince; draw a deep breath.

impress &c. (excite the feelings) 824.

Adj. feeling &c. v.; sentient; sensuous; sensorial, sensory; emotive, emotional; of feeling, with feeling &c. n.

[causing emotion] sentimental.

warm, quick, lively, smart, strong, sharp, acute, cutting, piercing, incisive; keen, keen as a razor; trenchant, pungent, racy, piquant, poignant, caustic.

impressive, deep, profound, indelible; deep felt, home felt, heartfelt; swelling, soul-stirring, deep-mouthed, heart-expanding, electric, thrilling, rapturous, ecstatic.

earnest, wistful, eager, breathless; fervent; fervid; gushing, passionate, warm-hearted, hearty, cordial, sincere, zealous, enthusiastic, glowing, ardent, burning, red-hot, fiery, flaming; boiling over.

pervading, penetrating, absorbing; rabid, raving, feverish, fanatical, hysterical; impetuous &c. (excitable) 825.

impressed with, moved with, touched with, affected with, penetrated with, seized with, imbued with &c. 82; devoured by; wrought up &c. (excited) 824; struck all of a heap; rapt; in a quiver &c. n.; enraptured &c. 829.

Adv. heart and soul, from the bottom of one's heart, ab imo pectore[Lat], at heart, con amore[It], heartily, devoutly, over head and ears, head over heels.

Phr. the heart big, the heart full, the heart swelling, the heart beating, the heart pulsating, the heart throbbing, the heart thumping, the heart beating high, the heart melting, the heart overflowing, the heart bursting, the heart breaking; the heart goes out, a heart as big as all outdoors (sympathy) 897.
<--

822. Sensibility 823. Insensibility

824. Excitation

825. Excitability 826. Inexcitability

moved to M4.2 properties of the affective faculty {{has_property(mind, R450) -->
M3.3.2.1 PERSONAL AFFECTIONS ........ 827-887

M3.3.2.1.1 PASSIVE personal affections R827 to R844 [[emotion]]



<-- 827. Pleasure 828. Pain

829. Pleasureableness 830. Painfulness

831. Content 832. Discontent

Part of discontent (disappointment) , regret, relief to retrospective

emotions M3.3.2.4

833. Regret



834. Relief 835. Aggravation

836. Cheerfulness 837. Dejection

838. Rejoicing 839. Lamentation

840. Amusement 841. Weariness

842. Wit 843. Dullness

Note: 844. Humorist to P2.3.2.3.2.5.29
-->

<-- note that physical pain and pleasure are under sensation,

M6.1.1 Sensation Generally...R375 to R378

377. Pleasure 378. Pain -->


#827. Pleasure. -- N. pleasure, gratification, enjoyment, fruition; oblectation, delectation, delection[obs3]; relish, zest.

{{caused_by: gusto &c. (physical pleasure) 377}}.



<-- other causes should be added here && -->

[ref: satisfaction &c. (content) 831].

complacency.

well-being; good &c. 618; snugness, comfort, ease; cushion &c. 215; sans souci[French:without worry], mind at ease.

joy, gladness, delight, glee, cheer, sunshine; cheerfulness &c. 836.

treat, refreshment; amusement &c. 840; luxury &c. 377.



mens sana in corpore sano [Latin: a sound mind in a sound body][Juvenal].

happiness, felicity, bliss; beatitude, beautification; enchantment, transport, rapture, ravishment, ecstasy; summum bonum[Lat]; paradise, elysium &c. ( heaven) 981; third heaven[obs2], seventh heaven, cloud nine; unalloyed happiness &c.; hedonics[obs3], hedonism.

honeymoon; palmy days, halcyon days; golden age, golden time; Dixie, Dixie's land; Saturnia regna[Lat], Arcadia[obs3], Shangri-La, happy valley, Agapemone[obs3].


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