Impact turns + answers – bfhmrs russia War Good



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Impact Turns Aff Neg - Michigan7 2019 BFHMRS
Harbor Teacher Prep-subingsubing-Ho-Neg-Lamdl T1-Round3, Impact Turns Aff Neg - Michigan7 2019 BFHMRS

AT: Nukes Fail

Surrender works in the context of Russia.


Martel ‘81 (William Martel is a scholar who specialized in studying the leadership and policymaking processes in organizations, strategic planning, cyberwarfare and militarisation of space, and technology innovation. “A nuclear war-fighting strategy for the United States”, https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2900&context=dissertations_1)(Shiv)

In the second model, surrender occurs when a nation ceases to fight after the war has begun. In contrast to the first option in which the United States would surrender before beginning a futile nuclear war, in this case it would surrender after a nuclear exchange. The criteria for this decision rests on the costs of the first exchange: U.S. versus Soviet losses, the size of U.S. and Soviet reserve forces, and the relative standing of the United States. Thus, the pressure to surrender could be irresistible if a nation sees itself in a losing position. Although surrender is not as "overt" as passing the sword from the defeated to the victorious general, unilateral cessation of hostilities by the United States is symbolic, especially if the Soviet Union sustains less casualties. In summary, nuclear war is limited if the United States or the Soviet Union terminates hostilities before its nuclear arsenal is depleted. This is, therefore, the definition of limited nuclear war.



Russia without nukes prevents further dominance.



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