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- 2nc Oil Dependence
- A2: Hydrogen Dangerous
- --- Energy Security
2nc HydrogenThe counterplan alone actualizes a Hydrogen Economy Rauhauser, 08 (2/11/08, Neil, analyst and consultant on energy and telecommunications, member of the Stranded Wind Initiative, “Ocean Thermals can Produce Green Energy, http://www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=874&pageid=&pagename=) Many have heard the phrase "The Hydrogen Economy" and it stirred hopes, but reality is not so rosy. The hydrogen molecule, just a pair of electrons and protons, misbehaves in all sorts of ways. Its tiny size allows it to slip past tank and pipeline seals, when under pressure it embrittles metals just like the loose neutrons from a nuclear reactor, and it can explode or cause a flash fire across a wide range of conditions. Hydrogen doesn't even qualify as an energy source as it's not found in its free form anywhere on Earth—for us it's just an energy carrier. Every bit we have we've made by either stripping it from fossil fuels or by cracking water using electricity. The only way hydrogen qualifies as “clean” is if it's made with electricity that came from a renewable source. Sometimes this is called “green hydrogen” versus “brown hydrogen.” We need a way to make hydrogen that is clean and we need a way to transport it that is technically feasible. Ammonia is the only carbon-free hydrogen carrier we can make today. It can be feedstock for hydrogen production as it is easily created using the freed hydrogen and atmospheric nitrogen. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) can provide the clean electricity needed to do this. The counterplan’s key to hydrogen energy development OTEC, not date cited (Ocean Thermal Energy Corporation, “Future Initiatives”, http://www.otecorporation.com/index.php/future_strategic_initiatives.html) Hydrogen Production Hydrogen is among the greatest of possible sources to meet the world’s rapidly expanding energy demands. The capacity of this abundant natural resource to potentially transform and sustain the international transportation industry is truly staggering. Proven methods of electrolysis generally entail passing an electric current through water (H2O) to split the molecule into its component parts of oxygen (O2) and hydrogen gas (H2). As water itself comprises one of the most plentiful natural resources on our planet, tapping into this enormous reserve is an area justifying diligent research. Ocean Thermal Energy Corporation is proud to be part of such research in its committed efforts to solve global energy challenges. The proven scientific process of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), involving large quantities of deep ocean water, is a perfect match for integrated research into the potential hydrogen economy. With hydrogen as one of the most attractive and versatile transportable forms of energy, the huge reservoir of this resource in the world’s tropical oceans signifies the potential of OTEC facilities to include hydrogen production. At Ocean Thermal Energy Corporation, we not only imagine a day where a global fleet of energy-harvesting OTEC plantships grazing the earth’s tropical oceans could supply the majority of the world’s energy needs via hydrogen, we are working to make that vision a reality. 2nc Oil DependenceA transition to a hydrogen economy solves oil dependence Rifkin, 02 (12/2/02, Jeremy, president of the Foundation on Economic Trends and author of The Hydrogen Economy, “The Hydrogen Economy”, http://www.emagazine.com/archive/171) The hydrogen economy makes possible a vast redistribution of electricity, with far-reaching consequences for society. Today's centralized, top-down flow of energy, controlled by global oil companies and utilities, can become obsolete. In the new era, every human being with access to renewable energy sources could become a producer as well as a consumer—using so-called "distributed generation." When millions of end-users connect their fuel cells powered by renewables into local, regional and national publicly owned hydrogen energy webs (HEWs), they can begin to share energy—peer-to-peer—creating a new decentralized form of energy generation and use. A2: Hydrogen DangerousEven if they win hydrogen’s dangerous, it’s better than any alternative Rifkin, 02 (12/2/02, Jeremy, president of the Foundation on Economic Trends and author of The Hydrogen Economy, “The Hydrogen Economy”, http://www.emagazine.com/archive/171) But hydrogen may still be safer than gasoline. When spilled, it simply escapes upward instead of puddling and presenting an ignition hazard. It's odorless, its flame is invisible, and it emits very little radiant heat. People standing next to a hydrogen fire might not even be aware it's there. Even in diluted form, hydrogen will burn easily, but unless you're in physical contact with the fire, it won't hurt you. Remember, too, that fuel cell cars don't burn the fuel, though a spark generated in a crash could set it off. The safety of hydrogen storage tanks for cars is also a concern, with regard to auto accidents. Hydrogen's safety problems shouldn't be minimized, but they shouldn't disqualify the fuel from consideration. Like gasoline, hydrogen can be dangerous. And, also like gasoline, we can learn to use it as safely as possible. --- Energy SecurityOTEC’s key to energy security Makai Ocean Engineering, 10 (“OTEC- Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion”, http://www.makai.com/e-otec.htm) Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. OTEC plants pump large quantities of deep cold seawater and surface seawater to run a power cycle and produce electricity. OTEC is firm power (24/7), is a clean energy source, is environmentally sustainable and is capable of providing massive levels of energy. A basic closed-cycle OTEC plant is shown in in the figure to the right. Warm seawater passes through an evaporator and vaporizes the working fluid, ammonia. The ammonia vapor passes through a turbine which turns a generator making electricity. The lower pressure vapor leaves the turbine and condenses in the condenser connected to a flow of deep cold seawater. The liquid ammonia leaves the condenser and is pumped to the evaporator to repeat the cycle. OTEC has long been challenged by high capital costs in a world of cheap energy. Recently, however, higher electricity costs, increased concerns for global warming, and a political commitment to energy security have made initial OTEC commercialization economically attractive in tropical island communities where a high percentage of electricity production is oil based. Even within the US, this island market is very large; globally it is many times larger. As OTEC technology matures, it should become economically attractive in southeast US. OTEC is in many ways a very attractive solution to US energy issues (Energy Security, Price Volatility, Unsustainable Supply, Climate Change, and Environmental Risks): Immense Resource: OTEC is solar power, using the oceans as a thermal storage system for 24-hour production. Unlike other renewable energies, the maximum available energy from OTEC is not limited by land, shorelines, water, environmental impact, human impact, etc. Baseload Power: OTEC produces electricity continuously, 24 hours a day throughout the entire year. Other renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and wave are not baseload and require storage of this energy during peak hours for later consumption, which is one of the major hurdles for these technologies. Security: OTEC offers the opportunity of tapping an immense energy resource that is not controlled by other nations. Renewable: OTEC is conservatively believed to be sustainable at four or more times man's current total electrical energy production. Clean Energy: OTEC has the potential of being a very clean alternative energy – unique for a firm power source capable of providing massive energy needs. The environmental risk with OTEC is very low. Offshore: OTEC production occurs offshore. Land resources are not needed other than for on-shore landing. OTEC is not competing for other vital resources such as food and fresh water. Low Risk: Conventional Closed Cycle OTEC is a low-risk Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. Objective files -> Pop Warner History files -> North Carolina Inclusion Initiative Mapping Where Children with ieps are Being Served Purpose files -> Fall 2013 Spring 2014 Program Data: Standard 1 Exhibit 4d files -> Hanban – asia society confucius classrooms network 2010 request for proposal files -> Northern England’s set-jetting locations Download 0.56 Mb. Share with your friends:
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