Ingushetia 2007: what is coming next?
Appeals to the Memorial with requests for protection
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4.11. Appeals to the Memorial with requests for protectionDuring 2007 a number of people had appealed to the Memorial with statements in which they claimed that they had found themselves to be under close surveillance of the security services, feared possible illegal arrests, disappearances and torture. These people or their relatives requested from the Memorial to act as a mediator between them and the security services side claiming that they were ready to come to interrogations and answer all the questions that law enforcement officers may have to them but that they wanted to ensure that they would not be subjected to unlawful and violent treatment. Most of them were practising, devout Muslims who had for some reason or other been included on the "Wahhabi" lists. Such lists exist for every district and new names are constantly added. According to these lists are often used in "investigation" of criminal cases. Some of the applicants fell within the scope of attention of the "siloviks" for other reasons, often because of kinship or old friendship with members of the illegal armed groups. Their homes have been subjected to searches with grave violations of the law and now they are afraid of staying with their families because they are thus exposing to danger their loved ones. The Memorial has all the reasons to treat such statements in all seriousness. As was mentioned above, Husen Mutaliev who had addressed the Human Rights Center with a similar statement was shot by the security forces forty days later. In the summer 2007, staff members of the HRC Memorial talked with the Prosecutor of RI about the need to give these people an opportunity to clarify their situation with the security services with the participation of our lawyers. Otherwise, it is possible that they will be forced to go underground. However, we have not received any positive response. Nevertheless, the statements of this kind continued to be addressed to the office of the HRC Memorial in Nazran. The statement of Kazbek Matiev who was detained on the suspicion of murdering the Draganchuk family was mentioned in Section 4.6.1. A similar statement was received by the Memorial on October 25 from a friend of Kazbek Matiev, Zaurbek Mukharbekovich Albogachiev, born in 1978, resident of the Gamurzievsky municipal district of Nazran, Pushkin St, 8. He explained that the arrest on September 3, 2007 of his friend Kazbek Matiev was also the beginnning of his own problems with the law enforcement agencies. Zaurbek has two jobs - he works as a toxicologist at the Republican psycho-neurological and narcological dispensary and also at a workshop repairing computers. On September 7, Zaurbek Albogachiev was arrested at about 7:00 am at his workplace at the dispensary by the officers of the UBOP of the republican Ministry of Interior. On the same day an authorized search was conducted at his home and in the computer shop in the presence of the police and attesting witnesses. From his house were seized a computer and a mobile phone, during the search in the workshop all the computers kept there were seized. Upon the completion of the search a protocol was drawn up. Zaurbek was interrogated by two officers of the UBOP and the investigator who was working with the case of Matiev and Ozdoyev who were detained on September 3 in Karabulak. First he was asked about his connection to a certain Magomed Albogachiev. Zaurbek said that he knew this person as the latter was a distant relative of his but had nothing to do with him personally and did not know anything about his affairs. He was asked questions relating to the bombing of the UAZ car in the city of Nazran on August 31, 2007. Then the investigator working on the case of Kazbek Matiev took over. He claimed that Zaurbek Albogachiev, Kazbek Matiev and Magomed Ozdoyev belonged to one armed group (jammaat). Zaurbek declared that he was not a member of any group and had not committed any illegal acts. Zaurbek knew Kazbek Matiev because Matiev also worked at the same computer shop. Albogachiev did not have any relations with Matiev outside work. At 2:00 am of the same day Albogachiev was taken to the republican Prosecutor's Office. The interrogation there lasted for only half an hour. The investigator of the Prosecutor's Office showed Zaurbek a paper received from the UBOP, alleging that he and two other men were directly related to the bombing of the vehicles killing four officers of the municipal department of internal affairs. Then the investigator said that they had no claims to Albogachiev and the latter was released. All the belongings seized during the search were returned a week later. For about a month Zaurbek had not heard from the authorities. However, he paid attention to the fact that his mobile phone was tapped: during conversations he could constantly hear outside noises on the line. On October 19, at about 7:30 am, officers of the mobile detachment of the Ministry of Interior of RF came to Albogachiev's home and said that they must conduct a search of the house and bring Zaurbek to the municipal police department of Nazran. The "siloviks" were polite, introduced themselves and showed the search warrant. The search was conducted in the presence of attesting witnesses. During the search nothing illegal was found. Then Albogachiev and two other residents of the Gamurzievsky residential neighbourhood were taken to the municipal department of internal affairs. Here, the Ingush policemen interrogated Zaurbek about the shooting attack on the servicemen of the Ministry of Interior from Astrakhan, on 18 October in the village of Ekazhevo. The fingerprints of Albogachiev were taken and he was photographed. From the way the police officers behaved Zaurbek realized that they themselves did not quite understand the reasons for his detention. After the interrogation, at about 2:00 am, he was released without any charges. Zaurbek Albogachiev appealed to the HRC Memorial because he now fears unlawful acts against himself since the security forces had not been able to charge him legally. He has heard of cases when people in whom the "siloviks" had special interest would disappear without a trace or be shot. He writes:
The attacks of militants on police officers, military staff and those whom the militants accused of collaboration with the authorities have also continued. On the night of September 1, in the village of Zyazikov-Yurt, Akhmed Osmanovich Dzagiev, brother of the recently retired former Deputy President of Ingushetia, was shot dead from an automatic rifle at his own home. At about 2:00 am on September 5 the deployment base of the mobile detachment of the Russian Ministry of Interior in the Malgobek district came under fire from grenade launchers located somewhere in the territory of an "agricultural enterprise". Three police officers were injured. On September 7, at 7:15 pm a police officer was shot in the city of Nazran. Almost simultaneously, at 7:20 pm, in the town of Karabulak, officer of the patrol and traffic police of the Ministry of Interior of RI Marziev was seriously wounded by gunfire opened from a car driving past. On the night of September 9, in the town of Malgobek a base of the Ministry of Interior Internal Troops unit was exposed to fire. As a result, one soldier was killed and one officer was seriously injured. In the course of the special operation aimed at tracing the attackers two militants were killed, the others managed to escape. Two Ingushetian civilians were killed: a Malgobek resident Magomed Velkhiev and a resident of the village of Novy Redant Alek Azhigov. On the same night in the village of Surkhakhi a police post where the staff of the Integrated Detachment of the Nizhny Novgorod region police force served came under fire from automatic guns. As a result, one policeman was injured. On September 10, an FSB officer was killed in Ingushetia. On September 11, at about 11:30 am in the village of Kantyshevo police officer Dugiev Alikhan was shot dead. On the same night in the city of Nazran at about 1:15 am fire from a grenade launcher damaged the "Matrix" cinema building. On the night of September 14, the Nazran municipal department of internal affairs came under militant fire. No-one was killed or injured. On September 14, the Ekazhevsky traffic police post on the outskirts of the city of Nazran was exposed to militant fire. The policemen opened retaliation fire. Two civilians: a girl and a boy, were injured by the militants' fire. On September 14, at 9:00 pm an explosion occurred on the road between the villages of Ekazhevo and Surkhakhi at the moment when a military convoy was passing by, no-one was injured. On September 15, on the outskirts of the village of Ekazhevo a UAZ car carrying four soldiers of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior came under the militants' fire, one officer of the Headquarters of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior in the North Caucasus district received minor wounds. On the same day at 12:20 on the outskirts of Surkhakhi a checking point came under fire from a sniper rifle, one soldier was wounded. On September 16, in the city of Nazran the building of the Ministry of Interior again came under fire. On the same day in the vicinity of stanitsa Troitskaya a military convoy came under fire. No-one was injured. On September 17, at about 6:15 pm in the vicinity of the village of Gazi-Yurt Alikhan Kalimatov, FSB lieutenant colonel was shot dead and his fellow Beslan Ozdoyev was wounded at the moment when the two were leaving the Kavkaz cafe. Kalimatov was sent to the North Caucasus as part of an investigation team in charge of investigating the cases of abduction of Chechens and Ingush in North Ossetia. On September 18, at about 10:10 pm the Chief of the Criminal Investigation Department of the Sunzhensky district department of internal affairs, police major Abdurakhman Meyriev was assassinated in stanitsa Ordzhonikidzevskaya. He was shot dead when coming out of the mosque after the evening prayer and getting into his car. On September 19, at about 11:50 am in Nazran a minibus carrying OMON officers sent on a mission to Ingushetia from the Rostov region came under attack, four of the officers were injured as a result. Later, two of them, Sergey Moshchenko and Sergey Frolikov, died in hospital. On September 20, in the Nasyr Kortovsky district of the city of Nazran a car carrying the officers of the Ministry of Interior sent on a mission to Ingushetia from the Ryazan region, came under fire. As a result of the attack, police captain Alexander Kuzmin and a field officer of the UBOP lieutenant Andrei Firsov were killed, two policemen were wounded. On the same day near the village of Ali-Yurt a "Gazel" vehicle carrying operational staff members of the UFSB for RI came under fire. On September 21, at 12:40 on the outskirts of Nazran militants travelling in a car without licence plates, opened fire at a car carrying soldiers, one soldier was wounded. The special police of the UFSB for RI, using armored vehicles and with the help of the internal troops, caught the militants on the outskirts of Ali-Yurt. Fighting broke out, one militant was killed, the others escaped into the forested area. According to unverified reports, the other militants were also killed. On the night of September 22, in the town of Karabulak a refinery was exposed to open fire from grenade launchers, a conflagration burst out. On September 23, at about 11:00 pm in the town of Malgobek a post of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior and of the staff of Malgobek district department of internal affairs came under fire from rifle grenade launcher. One or two soldiers received minor wounds. On September 24, at about 5:30 pm in the center of Nazran on the Tutayev st., several policemen were exposed to open fire from submachine guns and opened retaliation fire. As a result, a woman passing by in the vicinity received a minor injury. On September 26, on the road between the villages of Galashki and Alkhasty militants opened fire at an armored personnel carrier belonging to the internal troops. Eye-witnesses reported about soldiers having been injured as a result of the attack. ***
In the late September, the newly appointed Minister for Regional Development D.N. Kozak, giving his evaluation of what is happening in Ingushetia, said that "the deterioration is linked to the escalation of the guerilla activity and, certainly, judging by the manner in which it is developing, caused by the pre-election political struggle. 62" The Minister did not specify which political fraction that would run for the elections, may be behind the actions of the militants. To date, despite numerous accusations of extremism against the political opponents of the President Putin's policies, officials still refrain from accusing them of backing the armed underground in the North Caucasus. Maybe it is all yet coming in the future? Most likely, this suggestive allusion means nothing. This combination of words is just the same ritual as are the numerous comments of the President Zyazikov about certain "destructive forces" that are engaged in misrepresentation of the true situation in the republic. In the early October, realizing that the "special integrated preventive operation" in Ingushetia had failed, the authorities apparently decided (we do not know at which level the decision was made) to pursue the familiar way, previously employed in Chechnya - block the channels permitting the outflow of information about what is happening in the republic. As a correspondent of the Kavkaz-Uzel web-site63 was told by an officer of the security services, the law enforcement agencies of Ingushetia had received an implied order to refrain from reporting to the media about events related to terrorist activities occurring in the territory of RI. A month later, in the late November, this line of conduct led the "siloviks" to the abduction and beating of three REN TV reporters and of a human rights activist, to the illegal detention of journalists before and on the day of the rally. And in January 2008, they went a step further, trying to cast the blame for the arson of the building where the "Serdalo" newspaper office was located on the correspondents who were collecting information at the scene of the event. ***
In the same evening, at about 11:00 pm, according to the sources of the Ingushetian Ministry of Interior, a gunfire attack took place on the outskirts of Malgobek. During the checking of a car by policemen, three people jumped out of it and opened fire. One of them was killed by retaliation fire, the other two escaped. In the car a home-made explosive device was found. According to other sources, the passengers of the car did not offer any armed resistance. However, as soon as they came out of the car upon an order from the policemen, they were exposed to direct fire. Albert Gorbakov, resident of the city of Malgobek, a fifth-year-student of the Faculty of Law of the Ingush State University was killed. ***
In Ingushetia, the news of the withdrawal of troops came as a surprise. Nothing similar had been observed, on the contrary, the presence of soldiers on the streets of the cities had visibly increased. However, in the late October, in an interview with journalist correspondents in Rostov-on-Don, the Deputy Minister of Interior of the Russian Federation Arkady Yedelev practically contradicted the report of the Chief Commander of the Internal Troops. He said that the "special integrated preventive operation" in Ingushetia had been extended in term and the reinforced group of the Internal troops will remain in Ingushetia until December 2 - the day of the federal elections into the State Duma: "Prior to that, I believe, the withdrawal of the troops and termination of the special operation would be premature. <…> now we have first results of the integrated special preventive operation in Ingushetia. I feel sure that the vast majority of grave crimes, murders, attacks on law enforcement officers will be solved"- said the Deputy Minister65. In the first half of October, the Minister of Interior of Russia appointed four new vice-ministers of Interior in the Republic of Ingushetia. Of those four three had previous experience of working in the federal structures and had no connections with the local staff. Colonel V. Selivanov was appointed Chief of the Headquarters of the Ministry of Interior, Colonel S. Seliverstov was appointed Chief of the Criminal Police, Colonel S. Shumilin was appointed Chief of the Personnel Department. Only the public security police was headed by the local resident Magomed Gudiev. ***
Meanwhile, the militants' bullets continued to kill policemen. On October 10 at the market in the center of Nazran two officers of the Nazran municipal department of internal affairs, A.Muzhekhoyev and M.Yandiev, were killed. They were shot by a group of people jumping out of a car which they were chasing. On October 11, the abductors released the uncle of the President of Ingushetia Uruskhan Zyazikov. The details of this release are unknown (see Section 3 of this report). On October 18, at about 12:00 am in the village of Ekazhevo, near the building of the military commissariat, unidentified people opened fire from submachine guns at a UAZ car carrying the mobile police squad of the Ministry of Interior of Russia, sent to RI on a mission from the Arkhangelsk region. As a result of the attack senior police officer Igor Nechayev and police major Ivan Vashukov were killed on the spot. Later Police Lieutenant Colonel Yury Baturin and police colonel Vladimir Shnyukov died in hospital of the wounds received. The Police Lieutenant Colonel Sergey Rumyantsev was wounded. The assailants were driving a "Zhiguli" car. A helicopter of the Internal troops was raised in the air in search of the attackers, but the latter had managed to escape. At about the same time in the village of Sagopshi a group of militants, also driving a "Zhiguli" car, opened fire at the car carrying the local police officer Shamal Gandaloyev. The policeman who was leaving his home, managed to escape without injuries, he drove off at a high speed and away in the direction of the town of Malgobek. The bandits set off in pursuit of him with incessant fire. Only near a police post did the persecutors turn back. Despite the search organized the police were unable to trace the attackers. On October 21 in Nazran, the police post at the Ekazhevsky crossroads came under fire. On October 31 at about 3:20 pm on the Oskanov St. in Nazran the official car of the chief of the special task combat police detachment office of the Ministry of Interior of RI Police Lieutenant Colonel Magomed Khalukhayev came under fire. The officer was wounded. The attackers fled from the scene in a "Zhiguli" car. At night unidentified persons attacked the people relaxing in a sauna in Nazran. Having entered the baths, several armed men in masks made all the people present, including the staff, lie down on the floor and opened fire from submachine guns demanding that the people live according to the laws of Islam and keep away from booze and entertainment. On November 4, in Malgobek, unidentified people driving a car opened fire from a rifle at a student of a religious school, a Meskhetin Turk, gravely wounding him in the head. On November 5 in the village of Ekazhevo unidentified people opened fire from a grenade launcher at the house of the former chief of the Nazran municipal department of internal affairs Amirkhan Kostoyev. No-one was injured. On November 8, at about 8:00 pm in Karabulak, as a result of the fire opened from a car driving past, two soldiers of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Interior of the RF serving under a contract were seriously wounded. One hour after the shooting attack on the military, at about 9:00 pm, in stanitsa Orzhonikidzevskaya the militants attempted to kill the Chief of the Criminal Investigation Department of the Sunzhensky district department of internal affairs Magomed Yevloyev. His driver was wounded as a result of the attack. On November 14 at about 10:00 pm the Head of the Nazran line police department of the transit police lieutenant colonel Salman Arapkhanov was exposed to direct fire in the courtyard of his own house in stanitsa Orzhonikidzevskaya. The officer died of his wounds in hospital. On November 15 in Nazran the "Matritsa" cinema house came under fire. No-one was injured. On November 18 in the village of Ekazhevo the house belonging to the local precinct police superintendent came under fire. No-one was injured. On November 19 in the center of Nazran an explosive device was found in a car parked near the Border Service Department for RI. On November 22 in the village of Surkhakhi, a home-made explosive device went off near the house of the local precinct superintendent. As a result, a police lieutenant received minor injuries. ***
During the autumn, as well as before, the law enforcement structures and the Prosecutor’s Office have regularly reported that “the integrated preventive special operation” achieved its results, militants have being destroyed or detained and their crimes disclosed. Unfortunately, the public opinion has no serious grounds to trust these declarations. It is clear that some of those killed and detained were indeed militants or their supporters. But it is also clear that many of those whom the officials of the state services publicly announce to be "terrorists", "bandits", "supporters of terrorists" are, in fact, innocent. The security services accuse the killed of many drastic crimes of militants. Crimes declared as “practically disclosed” remain not investigated for many years, if not forever. As a result, two incongruent and incompatible pictures of the events have appeared. One, presented in the reports and statements of the "siloviks" and the Prosecutor's Office, claimed that the armed underground was being annihilated, the militants were being detained or destroyed after each new attack. The other picture presented by the reports of attacks and clashes, shows that during the most part of 2007 the militants carried on their activities. *** In the early September the UFSB for RI, the Ingushetian Ministry of Interior and the Prosecutor’s Office declared that a number of suspects involved in a whole series of grave crimes, had been detained. The Republican Prosecutor Yu. N. Turygin reported to RIA-Novosti on the detention of a person suspected of involvement in the explosion of the House of Culture in Nazran on August 31, killing four policemen. "The urgent investigatory actions are being conducted. In the interests of the investigation the name of the detained is withheld", - added the Prosecutor66. .Nevertheless, the names of a number of other suspects had been repeatedly announced. On September 3, news came of another successful special operation: "The officers of the Ingushetia Directorate of FSB have carried out a combat operation in detention of the members of the so-called "Karabulak armed group". One militant was destroyed, another one was detained as a result"67. The reference here is to the events of September 2 in Karabulak when the unarmed Apti Dalakov was shot dead and Ilez Dolgiev was detained (see Section 4.6.1 of this report). The UFSB for RI told the journalists that Apti Dalakov and Ilez Dolgiev were Wahhabi militants and active participants of the "Karabulak bandit underground", that they were involved not only in the killing of the family of the teacher Vera Draganchuk, but also in many others grave crimes: the shooting attack on the night from 5 to 6 July on the officers of the Ingushetia Ministry of Interior, the armed attack on the traffic police team on August 13, the shooting attack on the convoy of armored combat vehicles on August 22, the murder of two Dagestanis on August 24, assault with robbery on the officers of the line police post at the railway station "Nazran" on September 168. After that a representative of the press-service of the Ingushetian Ministry of Interior reported about another four people detained on suspicion of involvement in the killing of the teacher’s family. The first and the last names of the detained were announced publicly: Yusup Dzangiev, Kazbek Matiev, Magomed Ozdoyev, Magomed Tsoloyev69. But on September 13-15 I.Dolgiev, K.Matiev, M.Ozdoyev and M.Tsoloyev were released as acquitted of the suspicion of involvement in the above-mentioned crimes (see Sections 4.5 and 4.6.1. of this report). As of the end of October 2007, the investigators could not boast of having any detained suspects in the case of the murder of members of the Draganchuk family70.. The question is: how can reports from the "siloviks" and the Prosecutor's office now be trusted? On September 7, "a source in the headquarters of the United Force Group in the North Caucasus told the media correspondents that Ibragim Bekbulatov, "suspected of involvement in a whole series of terrorism-related crimes, including the June 22, 2004 attacks in Ingushetia as well as killings of law enforcement officers"71, had been detained in the town of Malgobek. On September 8, the "siloviks" reported that a militant suspected of involvement in several grave crimes had been detained in the village of Verkhniye Achaluki. According to the operational data, the detained person may have been involved in the car bombing that took place in Nazran on August 3172. The person in question was Murat Bogatyryov (see Section 4.7 of this report), who was later killed by police staff members in the building of the Malgobek district department of internal affairs. Earlier (see Section 4.7. of this report) we have described the violations of the Russian law with which the ammunition allegedly hidden by Bogatyryov were discovered. On September 27 the press service reported that in the course of a special operation in the village of Sagopshi two militants, including the "emir" of the Malgobek district, had been killed. Another suspect of participation in the illegal armed groups was detained. The people in question were the two brothers, Said-Magomed and Ruslan Galayev who were shot dead at their own home. There are serious reasons to suspect that the murdered brothers did not in fact offer any resistance. Several relatives of the killed brothers were detained, yet released on the same day. On October 1 "a source in the security structures of the Republic" reported that in the course of a joint special operation in Nazran officers of the Ministry of Interior and the FSB of Russia had detained two participants of the illegal armed groups who are suspected of involvement in the fire attack on the car which was carrying officers of the FSB division for RI on September 20. On October 22 the press service of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Ingushetia reported that in the Pliyevsky municipal district of the city of Nazran the officers of the UFSB for RI had detained a man who offered resistance at the time of his arrest. The local resident Almurziyev was searched and as a result of that search a Kalashnikov assault rifle, a sporting gun, a home-made hand-grenade, 19 cartridges of various bore and a camouflage uniform were found73.. On October 31 the press service of the Public Prosecutor's office for the Republic of Ingushetia reported that "in the course of the operational and search activities conducted as part of the criminal investigation on the fact of an attempt on the lives of the officers of the Malgobek district department of internal affairs on October 25, the police forces detained a man. During the search on him were found a Makarov pistol equipped with a silencer, ammunition for it and other objects"74. On November 4, a source in the law enforcement agencies of RI told a media correspondent that in the course of the operational and search activities in the city of Malgobek two suspected militants had been detained. "The detained persons are suspected of having participated in the shooting attack on the temporary deployment base of the Internal Troops of the Russian Ministry of Interior on September 8 this year being members of the militant group led by a certain Bogatyryov. As a result of that attack one army officer was killed, two others were wounded", the source was quoted as saying75.
On November 23, a spokesman for the press service of the the UFSB for RI reported that in Nazran a certain Uruskhan Inalov had been detained on suspicion of involvement in the November 8 attack on the law enforcement officers in Karabulak77. Such were the results of the "complex preventive special operations" as of the end of the autumn 2007.
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