A constructed Peace The Making of the European Settlement, 1945-1963

Seeley Mudd Library [ML], Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey

George Ball Papers

John Foster Dulles Papers [DP]. Copy of the collection at the Eisenhower Library.

Dulles State Papers [DSP]. Classified documents, on microfilm, cited by frame number; the documents cited have been declassified and can be consulted without a clearance.

James Forrestal Papers [FP]

Forrestal Diaries [FD]

Arthur Krock Papers [KP]

Livingstone Merchant Papers

Sterling Memorial Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Dean Acheson Papers

Henry Stimson Papers

Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, California

Rand Corporation archives

Office of Air Force History, Bolling Air Force Base

Washington

National Security Archive [NSA], Washington

Berlin Crisis File [NSABF]

National Defense University [NDU], Washington

Maxwell Taylor Papers [TP]

Department of Defense, Freedom of Information Office, Washington [DOD-FOIA]. A small library of Defense Department material released under the Freedom of Information Act [FOIA]

Department of State, Freedom of Information Office, Washington [DOS-FOIA]. State Department material released under the FOIA, and available on microfiche.

Great Britain

Public Record Office [PRO], Kew

FO 371: Foreign Office, Political Correspondence

FO 800: Bevin Papers

Prem 11: Prime Minister's office files

Defe 4, 5 and 6: Chiefs of Staff files

Cab 128 and 129: Cabinet meetings and memoranda

Cab 133: International meetings

Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives [LHCMA], King's College London

Ismay Papers

Imperial War Museum, London

Montgomery Papers

Churchill Archives Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge University, Cambridge

Winston Churchill Papers

Selwyn Lloyd Papers

France

Y: Internationale, 1944-49

Z: Europe, 1944-49

Europe, 1949-55

Massigli Papers [MP]

Bonnet Papers [BP]

Service Historique de l'Armée de Terre [SHAT], Vincennes

Etat-Major de la Défense Nationale (4Q)

Blanc Papers (1K145)

Institut Mendès France, Paris

Mendès France Papers

2. Major Unpublished Reports, Studies, and Declassified Histories

Bowie, Robert. "The North Atlantic Nations: Tasks for the 1960's" [Bowie Report]. August 21, 1960. A full copy was made available through the Nuclear History Program in 1991. Excerpts in IS.

Lumpkin, H.H. "The SACEUR/USCINCEUR Concept." U.S. European Command, August 1957. DOD-FOIA. Excerpts in IS.

"History of the Custody and Deployment of Nuclear Weapons, July 1945 through September 1977." Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense (Atomic Energy), February 1978.

May, Ernest, Steinbruner, John, and Wolfe, Thomas. "History of the Strategic Arms Competition, 1945-1972," Part I. Office of the Secretary of Defense, Historical Office, March 1981. DOD-FOIA. Excerpts in IS.

Neustadt, Richard. "Skybolt and Nassau: American Policy-Making and Anglo-American Relations" [Neustadt Report], November 1963. National Security Files, box 322, Staff Memoranda: Neustadt, John F. Kennedy Library, Boston. Also available from the Kennedy School of Government Case Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. In IS.

U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy. Report of Ad Hoc Subcommittee on the assignment of nuclear weapons to NATO [Holifield Report]. February 15, 1961. Available at the NSA.

U.S. Department of State, Historical Office. "Crisis over Berlin: American Policy Concerning the Soviet Threats to Berlin, November 1958 - December 1962" [DOS Berlin History]. Parts I - VI, covering November 1958 through September 1961. October 1966 - April 1970. Available at the NSA. Excerpts in IS.

Wainstein, L, et al. "The Evolution of U.S. Strategic Command and Control and Warning, 1945-1972." Institute for Defense Analyses, June 1975. DOD-FOIA. Excerpts in IS.

3. Unpublished Oral Histories

Interview with Carl Kaysen. August 3, 1988: Marc Trachtenberg and David Rosenberg, interviewers. October 17, 1988: Marc Trachtenberg and Stephen Van Evera, interviewers. Tapes in author's possession; a transcript and a short unpublished article based on this interview are in the IS.

Nuclear History Program. Transcript of Berlin Crisis Oral History Project Oral History Sessions Numbers 1-8. Conducted October 1990 - October 1992. Principal interviewer: David Rosenberg. On deposit at NSA.

Office of Air Force History, Bolling Air Force Base, Washington. Oral history interviews with General David Burchinal (April 1975), General Truman Landon (May-June 1977), and General David Holloway (August 1977).

(a) Diplomatic Documents

United States, Department of State

Foreign Relations of the United States [FRUS]

The Conferences at Malta and Yalta, 1945. Washington: GPO, 1955.

The Conference of Berlin (The Potsdam Conference), 1945. Two volumes. Washington: GPO, 1960.

1945:

Volume Three: European Advisory Commission; Austria; Germany. Washington: GPO, 1968.

Volume Four: Europe. Washington: GPO, 1968.

Volume Five: Europe. Washington: GPO, 1967.

1946:

Volume One: General. Washington: GPO, 1972.

Volume Three: Paris Peace Conference. Washington: GPO, 1970.

Volume Five: The British Commonwealth; Western and Central Europe. Washington: GPO, 1969.

1947:

Volume Two: Council of Foreign Ministers; Germany and Austria. Washington: GPO, 1972.

Volume Three: The British Commonwealth; Europe. Washington: GPO, 1972.

1948:

Volume Two: Germany and Austria. Washington: GPO, 1973.

Volume Three: Western Europe. Washington: GPO, 1974.

1949:

Volume Three: Council of Foreign Ministers; Germany and Austria. Washington: GPO, 1974.

1950:

Volume One: National Security Affairs. Washington: GPO, 1977.

Volume Four: Central and Eastern Europe; the Soviet Union. Washington: GPO, 1980.

1951:

Volume One: National Security Affairs. Washington: GPO, 1979.

1952-54:

Volume Five (two parts): Western European Security. Washington: GPO, 1983.

Volume Seven (two parts): Germany and Austria. Washington: GPO, 1986.

1955-57:

Volume Five: Austrian State Treaty; Summit and Foreign Ministers Meetings, 1955. Washington: GPO, 1988.

Volume Nineteen: National Security Policy. Washington: GPO, 1990.

Volume Twenty-Six: Central and Southeastern Europe. Washington: GPO, 1992.

Volume Twenty-Seven: Western Europe and Canada. Washington: GPO, 1992.

1958-60:

Volume Seven, Part One: Western European Integration and Security; Canada. Washington: GPO, 1993.

Volume Seven, Part Two: Western Europe. Washington: GPO, 1993.

Volume Eight: Berlin Crisis, 1958-1959. Washington: GPO, 1993.

Volume Nine: Berlin Crisis, 1959-1960; Germany; Austria. Washington: GPO, 1993.

1961-63:

Volume Seven: Arms Control and Disarmament. Washington: GPO, 1995.

Volume Eight: National Security Policy. Washington: GPO, 1996.

Volume Nine: Foreign Economic Policy. Washington: GPO, 1995.

Volume Eleven: Cuban Missile Crisis and Aftermath. Washington: GPO, 1996.

Volume Thirteen: West Europe and Canada. Washington: GPO, 1994.

Volume Fourteen: Berlin Crisis, 1961-62. Washington, GPO, 1993.

Volume Fifteen: Berlin Crisis, 1962-1963. Washington: GPO, 1994.

Series I

Volume Five: Germany and Western Europe, 11 August - 31 December 1945. London: HMSO: 1990.

Volume Six: Eastern Europe, August 1945 - April 1946. London: HMSO, 1991.

Series II

Volume Two: The London Conferences: Anglo-American Relations and Cold War Strategy, January - June 1950. London: HMSO, 1987.

Volume Three: German Rearmament, September - December 1950. London: HMSO, 1989.

France. Ministère des Affaires Etrangères. Commission de Publication des Documents Diplomatiques Français.

Documents Diplomatiques Français [DDF]

1954 (July 21 - December 31). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1987.

1955 (two volumes). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1987-88.

1956 (three volumes). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1988-90.

1957 (two volumes). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1990-91.

1958 (two volumes). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1992-93.

1959 (two volumes). Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1994-95.

Federal Republic of Germany, Foreign Office.

Volume One: Adenauer und die Hohen Kommissare, 1949-1951. Munich: Oldenbourg, 1989.

1963 (three volumes). Munich: Oldenbourg, 1994.

(b) Other printed material, including memoirs

Acheson, Dean. Present at the Creation: My Years at the State Department. New York: Norton, 1969.

Adenauer, Konrad. Erinnerungen.

Volume One: 1945-1953. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1965.

Volume Three: 1955-1955. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1967.

Volume Four: 1959-1963 (Fragmente). Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1968.

Adenauer, Konrad. Memoirs 1945-53. Chicago: Regnery, 1966.

Alphand, Hervé. L'Etonnement d'être. Paris: Fayard, 1977.

Aron, Raymond. Les Articles du Figaro. Georges-Henri Soutou, ed. Vol. 2, La Coexistence, 1955-1965. Paris: Fallois, 1993.

Ayers, Eben. Truman in the White House: The Diary of Eben A. Ayers. Robert Ferrell, ed. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1991.

Billotte, Pierre. Le Passé au futur. Paris: Stock, 1979.

Central Intelligence Agency, Center for the Study of Intelligence. Selected Estimates on the Soviet Union, 1950-1959. Scott Koch, ed. Washington: CIA Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1993.

Chauvel, Jean. Commentaire, vol. 3, De Berne à Paris (1952-1962). Paris: Fayard, 1973.

Christian Democratic Union. Executive Committee Protocols. [CDU-BV]

1953-1957: Adenauer: "Wir haben wirklich etwas geschaffen." Günter Buchstab, ed. Düsseldorf: Droste, 1990.

1957-1961: Adenauer: " . . . um den Frieden zu gewinnen." Gunter Buchstab, ed. Dusseldorf: Droste, 1994.

Chuev, Felix. Molotov Remembers: Inside Kremlin Politics, Conversations with Felix Chuev. Albert Resis, ed. Chicago: Dee, 1993.

Clay, Lucius. The Papers of General Lucius D. Clay: Germany 1945-1949. Jean Smith, ed. Two volumes. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1974.

Couve de Murville, Maurice. Le Monde en face: entretiens avec Maurice Delarue. Paris: Plon, 1989.

Couve de Murville, Maurice. Une politique étrangère, 1958-1968. Paris: Plon, 1971.

De Gaulle, Charles. Mémoires d'espoir: le renouveau. Paris: Plon, 1970.

De Gaulle, Charles. Lettres, notes et carnets [LNC]

June 1958 - December 1960. Paris: Plon, 1985.

1961-1963. Paris: Plon, 1986.

De Gaulle, Charles. Discours et messages.

Volume 4: August 1962 - December 1965. Paris: Plon, 1970.

Djilas, Milovan. Conversations with Stalin. New York: Harper, 1962.

Eisenhower, Dwight. Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower. Louis Galambos et al, eds. Volumes 9-17. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978-1996.

Eisenhower, Dwight. The Eisenhower Diaries Robert Ferrell, ed. New York: Norton, 1981.

Forrestal, James. The Forrestal Diaries. Walter Millis. ed. New York: Viking, 1951.

Kohn, Richard, and Harahan, Joseph, eds. Strategic Air Warfare: An Interview with General Curtis E. LeMay, Leon Johnson, David A. Burchinal and Jack J. Catton. Washington: Office of Air Force History, 1988.

Krone, Heinrich. "Aufzeichnungen zur Deutschland- und Ostpolitik 1954-1969' [Krone Diary]. Klaus Gotto, ed. Adenauer-Studien, vol. 3. Rudolf Morsey and Konrad Repgen, gen. eds. Mainz: Matthias-Grünewald, 1974.

Lane, Arthur Bliss. I Saw Poland Betrayed: An American Ambassador Reports to the American People. Indianapolis and New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1948.

Loewenheim, Francis, Langley, Harold, and Jonas, Manfred, eds. Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence. New York: Dutton, 1975.

Macmillan, Harold. Riding the Storm, 1956-1959. New York: Harper, 1971.

Macmillan, Harold. Pointing the Way, 1959-1961. London: Macmillan, 1972.

Massigli, René. Une Comédie des erreurs: souvenirs et réflexions sur une étape de la construction européenne. Paris: Plon, 1978.

May, Ernest, and Zelikow, Philip. The Kennedy Tapes: Inside the White House during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997.

McClellan, Woodford. "Molotov Remembers," Cold War International History Project Bulletin, no. 1 (Spring 1992).

Mendès France, Pierre. Oeuvres complètes. Volume Three: Gouverner, c'est choisir. Paris: Gallimard, 1986.

Murphy, Robert. Diplomat Among Warriors. Garden City: Doubleday, 1964.

Nitze, Paul. From Hiroshima to Glasnost. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1989.

Osterheld, Horst. "Ich gehe nicht leichten Herzens. . ." Adenauers letzte Kanzlerjahre. Ein dokumentarisches Bericht. Mainz: Matthias-Grünewald, 1986.

Peyrefitte, Alain. C'était de Gaulle. Paris: Fayard, 1994.

[Pieck, Wilhelm]. Wilhelm Pieck: Aufzeichnungen zur Deutschlandpolitik, 1945-1963. Rolf Badstübner and Wilfried Loth, eds. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1994).

Radford, Arthur. From Pearl Harbor to Vietnam: The Memoirs of Admiral Arthur W. Radford, Stephen Jurika, Jr., ed. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1980.

Ratchford, B.U., and Ross, W.D. Berlin Reparations Assignment: Round One of the German Peace Settlement. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1947.

Ruhm von Oppen, Beate. Documents on Germany under Occupation. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1955.

Sulzberger, Cyrus. The Last of the Giants. New York: Macmillan, 1970.

Trachtenberg, Marc, ed. The Development of American Strategic Thought, 1945-1969. Six volumes. New York: Garland, 1988.

Truman, Harry. Memoirs: Year of Decisions. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1955

Truman, Harry. Dear Bess: The Letters from Harry to Bess Truman, 1910-1959. Robert Ferrell, ed. New York: Norton, 1983.

Truman, Harry. Strictly Personal and Confidential: The Letters Harry Truman Never Mailed. Monte Poen, ed. Boston: Little Brown, 1982.

United States. Senate. Executive Sessions of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee (Historical Series)

Volume Fourteen: 1962. Washington: GPO, 1986.

Volume Fifteen: 1963. Washington: GPO, 1986.

Walters, Vernon. Silent Missions. Garden City: Doubleday, 1978.

(c) Microform sources

Declassified Documents Reference System [DDRS]. Documents on microfiche, with printed index, compiled periodically. Washington: Carollton Press.

National Security Archive. The Berlin Crisis, 1958-1962 (microfiche, with printed index and guide). Alexandria: Chadwyck-Healey.

National Security Archive. The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962 (microfiche, with printed index and guide). Alexandria: Chadwyck-Healey.

National Security Council: Documents (with supplements; microfilm with printed indexes). Bethesda: University Publications of America.

National Security Council: Minutes of Meetings (with supplements; microfilm with printed indexes). Bethesda: University Publications of America.

United States Department of State. Secretary of State's Memoranda of Conversation, November 1952 - December 1954 [SSMC]. Microfiche supplement to FRUS. Washington: GPO, 1992.

United States Department of State. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-63. Microfiche supplements.

Volume 7-9. Washington: Department of State, 1997.

Volumes 13-15. Washington: Department of State, 1995.

5. Scholarly Books, Articles and Dissertations

Adamthwaite, Anthony. "Britain and the World, 1945-9: The View from the Foreign Office," International Affairs (Spring 1985), 61 (2): 223-235.

Ahonen, Pertti. "Franz-Josef Strauss and the German Nuclear Question, 1956-1962," Journal of Strategic Studies (June 1995),

18 (2):25-51.

Alperovitz, Gar. Atomic Diplomacy: Hiroshima and Potsdam. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1965.

Ambrose, Stephen. Eisenhower, vol. 2. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.

Appleby, Charles, Jr. "Eisenhower and Arms Control, 1953-1961: A Balance of Risks," Ph.D. dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, 1987.

Artner, Stephen. A Change of Course: The West German Social Democrats and NATO, 1957-1961. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985.

Backer, John. Winds of History: The German Years of Lucius DuBignon Clay. New York: Van Nostrand, 1983.

Baylis, John. Anglo-American Defense Relations 1939-1984: The Special Relationship. Second edition. New York: St. Martin's, 1984.

Baylis, John. The Diplomacy of Pragmatism: Britain and the Formation of NATO, 1942-1949. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1993.

Baylis, John. Ambiguity and Deterrence: British Nuclear Strategy, 1945-1964. Oxford: Clarendon, 1995.

Bédarida, François, and Rioux, Jean-Pierre. Pierre Mendès France et le mendésisme. Paris: Fayard, 1985.

Botti, Timothy. The Long Wait: The Forging of the Anglo-American Nuclear Alliance, 1945-1958. New York: Greenwood, 1987.

Buffet, Cyril. "Le Blocus de Berlin: Les Alliés, l'Allemagne et Berlin, 1945-1949," doctoral thesis, University of Paris IV, 1987.

Buffet, Cyril. Mourir pour Berlin: La France et l'Allemagne, 1945-1949. Paris: Colin, 1991.

Buffet, Cyril. "La politique nucléaire de la France et la seconde crise de Berlin, 1958-1962," Relations internationales, no. 59 (Fall 1989), pp. 347-358.

Bullock, Alan. Ernest Bevin: Foreign Secretary, 1945-1951. New York: Norton, 1983.

Bundy, McGeorge. Danger and Survival: Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years. New York: Random House, 1988.

Burr, William. "Avoiding the Slippery Slope: The Eisenhower Administration and the Berlin Crisis, November 1958-January 1959," Diplomatic History (Spring 1994), 18 (3): 177-205.

Chang, Gordon. Friends and Enemies: The United States, China, and the Soviet Union, 1948-1972. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1990.

Clark, Ian. Nuclear Diplomacy and the Special Relationship: Britain's Deterrent and America, 1957-1962. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994.

Clemens, Diane. Yalta. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.

Cohen, Avner. "Stumbling into Opacity: The United States, Israel, and the Atom, 1960-63," Security Studies (Winter 1994/95), 4(2): 195-241.

Cold War International History Project [CWIHP]

Bulletin.

Working Paper series.

Coutrot, Aline. "La Politique atomique sous le gouvernement de Mendès France," in François Bédarida and Jean-Pierre Rioux, Pierre Mendès France et le mendésisme. Paris: Fayard, 1985.

Dallek, Robert. Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932-1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Davis, Lynn. The Cold War Begins: Soviet-American Conflict over Eastern Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1974.

Deighton, Anne. The Impossible Peace: Britain, the Division of Germany and the Origins of the Cold War. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990.

Dilks, David. "Britain and Europe, 1948-1950: The Prime Minister, the Foreign Secretary and the Cabinet," in Raymond Poidevin, ed., Histoire des débuts de la construction européenne (mars 1948 - mai 1950). Brussels: Bruylant, 1986.

Doise, Jean, and Vaïsse, Maurice. Diplomatie et outil militaire, 1871-1969. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1987.

Douglas, Roy. From War to Cold War, 1942-1948. New York: St. Martin's, 1981.

Eisenberg, Carolyn. Drawing the Line: The American Decision to Divide Germany, 1944-1949. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Feaver, Peter. Guarding the Guardians: Civilian Control of Nuclear Weapons in the United States. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992.

Fischer, Peter. "Das Projekt einer trilateralen Nuclear-cooperation," Historisches Jahrbuch (1992), 112: 143-156.

Fischer, Peter. "Die Reaktion der Bundesregierung auf die Nuklearisierung der westlichen Verteidigung," Militärgeschichtliche Mitteilungen (1993), 52(1): 105-132.

Foschepoth, Josef. "Britische Deutschlandpolitik zwischen Jalta und Potsdam," Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte (1982), 30(4): 675-714.

Foschepoth, Josef, ed. Adenauer und die deutsche Frage, second edition. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1990.

Franklin, William. "Zonal Boundaries and Access to Berlin," World Politics (1963), 16:1-31.

Gaddis, John Lewis. The United States and the Origins of the Cold War, 1941-1947. New York: Columbia University Press, 1972.

Gaddis, John Lewis. Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Gaddis, John Lewis. "Spheres of Influence; The United States and Europe, 1948-1949," in his The Long Peace: Inquiries into the History of the Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Gaddis, John Lewis. We Now Know: Rethinking Cold War History. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997.

Gardner, Lloyd. Spheres of Influence: The Great Powers Partition Europe from Munich to Yalta. Chicago: Ivan Dee, 1993.

Gerbet, Pierre. "Les Origines du Plan Schuman: Le Choix de la méthode communautaire par le gouvernement français," in Raymond Poidevin, ed., Histoire des débuts de la construction européenne 9 mars 1948 - mai 1950). Brussels: Bruylant, 1986.

Gillingham, John. Coal, Steel, and the Rebirth of Europe, 1945-1955: The Germans and French from Ruhr Conflict to Economic Community. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Greenwood, Sean. "Bevin, the Ruhr and the Division of Germany: August 1945 - December 1946," Historical Journal (1986), 29(1): 203-212.