Guide to Embedding Disability Studies into the Humanities


Slide 12 A closing thought



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Slide 12 A closing thought

Stigmatization + Isolation = Vulnerability to unethical human subjects research




Slide 13 Works Cited and Additional Resources


Moreno, Jonathan D. Undue Risk: State Secret Experiments on Humans. New York: Routledge, 2001.

Hornblum, Alan M. Sentenced to Science: One Black Man’s Story of Imprisonment in America. University Park, PA: The Penn State University Press, 2007.

Jones, James H. Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment. New York: The Free Press, 1981.

Kluger, Jeffrey. Splendid Solution: Jonas Salk and the Conquest of Polio. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 2004.

Wikipedia: The Nuremberg Code, the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment, The Belmont Report.

CITI Program: www.citiprogram.org

American Experience: The Polio Crusade http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/polio/player/

American Experience: A Paralyzing Fear http://www.snagfilms.com/films/title/a_paralyzing_fear/


PowerPoint Slides for Lesson 3: The Disability Movement and The Souls Of Black Folk

PowerPoint Presentation for Lesson 3: The Disability Movement and the Souls of Black Folk




Slide 1 Disability in DuBois

A presentation by Josh Lukin, PhD

Lecturer, Temple University Department of English

Interdisciplinary faculty member, Temple University Institute on Disabilities




Slide 2 A Definition of Disability

“Inability to perform activities to an extent or in a way that is necessary for survival and full participation in some major aspect of life in a given society” –Susan Wendell, The Rejected Body




Slide 3 Stigma

Discredit, disgrace, or repulsiveness that comes from an undesired difference, which may be:


A physical trait

A character trait

A group membership

Slide 4 Medical Model of Disability versus Social Model of Disability

Medical Model


Individual

Problem


Cure/Die

Normalization

Needs of Bourgeois Society

Scientific solutions

Objectified "patient"

Social Model


Collective

Issue


Live with disability

Pluralist society

Quality of life

Social, environmental, and attitudinal solutions

Subjectivities

Slide 5 Fantasies of Disability


Disability is punishment for evil

People with disabilities are embittered

People with disabilities resent and wish to destroy the nondisabled

People with disabilities are asexual


Slide 6 More fantasies about Disability

People with disabilities can never be integrated into society and must die

Fate compensates people with disabilities

All that people with disabilities need is a positive attitude


Slide 7 Even more fantasies about Disability

Disability is a problem of individual emotional coping

People with disabilities are saintly

EEEEK! THAT COULD HAPPEN TO ME!!



Slide 8 African Americans and the Image of Disability

18TH and 19TH Century, before and during the Civil War:

Blackness is treated as a disability so as to exclude African Americans from society. The Revolutionary Army in “New Hampshire refused to accept ‘lunatics, idiots and Negros,’ implying blackness was a similar mental deficiency.” –Jennifer James


 

Slide 9 End of 19th Century:

Rehabilitation of black bodies


In “post-Civil War African American literature particularly, it was imperative that the black body and the black mind be portrayed as uninjured . . . in order to disprove one of the main anti-black arguments that surfaced after emancipation —that slavery had made blacks ‘unfit’ for citizenship.”—Jennifer James

Slide 10 The Civil Rights Era: Black Fitness for Citizenship

Image brokers sought to convey the public message that “The Negro is just like you,” with “you” being an imagined able-bodied, empowered, white audience who could aid in the liberation struggle: this meant excluding portrayals of Black Americans that would suggest sexuality, childishness, or disability, all of which were associated with the history of anti-Black stereotypes.

Slide 11 The 1960’s

Although the idea of wanting to be “just like you” is no longer popular, Black activists still idealize control of one’s body. Huey Newton, tortured in prison, tells us that he had to reclaim his mind’s dominance over his body, in the face of white society’s attempts to fulfill its conception of the black man as wholly menial, “stripped . . . of their mind.” To avoid submission in prison “Newton finds that his body must be mastered like a machine” (Robert Carr).

Slide 12 DuBois and Disability

Dubois Using Disability


Disability as fruits of oppression

Disability as metaphor for oppression

Able-bodiedness as citizenship

Crippled body/noble soul duality

Disability and sentimental feeling

Disability and pre-industrial community


Disability Using Dubois


Justifying investment in the oppressed

Recognizing non-monetary value

Self-assertion and gaining respect

Transcending self-help ethics

Documenting unenforced law

Group solidarity and shared culture




Slide 13 The language of disability in DuBois

A people thus handicapped ought not to be asked to race with the world, but rather allowed to give all its time and thought to its own social problems.

 In the work of establishing the Negroes as peasant proprietors, the Bureau was from the first handicapped and at last absolutely checked.

If now the economic development of the South is to be pushed to the verge of exploitation, as seems probable, then we have a mass of workingmen thrown into relentless competition with the workingmen of the world, but handicapped by a training the very opposite to that of the modern self-reliant democratic laborer. What the black laborer needs is careful personal guidance, group leadership of men with hearts in their bosoms, to train them to foresight, carefulness, and honesty.






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