Lineaments are generally interpreted lines used to describe linear or semi-linear terrain like ridges, valleys, and slopes (Tiren, 2010). The lineament is a crucial component of the geological study because some lineaments are connected to both the structural properties of the underlying bedrock and surface structures as well. Further, geomorphological characteristics can be used to identify significant lineaments (Hobbs, 1911), including ridge crests, baselines of elevated areas, river lines, coastlines, and boundaries of geological formations. Some lineaments have been detected at the study site based on the interpretation of processing the Landsat 8 and SRTM DEM; these lineaments reflect geomorphological characteristics. Most of the lineaments were oriented and patterned similarly to the fault direction.
The lineament maps were created with the help of automated lineament extraction. All linear shapes that did not match the geological or structural lineaments were removed from the maps, and the previous processing was retained. This method was applied to the four directional filters of PCA1, the panchromatic band (B8), and the four SRTM shadings of the digital terrain module. Alongside these maps, we will find data representing the number, length, and frequency of lineaments as a function of length in the survey.
The proportion of cumulative lineament lengths forms directional roses. The results of the PCA1 show a map with 1195 line segments (Figure 5.3-a). The average length is 13332.54 m, a minimum length of 349 m, and a maximum length of about 2533 m. Classes with a length of 349 m to 2533 m and proportions between 80% and 100% dominate the overall distribution of lineaments (Figure 5.3-c). According to the directional roses of the lineaments for PCA1 (Figure 5.3-d), the NW-SE direction is the most pronounced.
Figure (5.3): (a) The lineament map from PCA1, ( b) table of statistics, (c) frequency diagram of the lineament distribution as a function of length, and (d) directional roses.
The panchromatic band yielded 14172 line segments with a minimum length of 450 m, a maximum length of 12822.88 m, and an average length of 19902180.13 (Figure 5.4-a). The panchromatic lineament typically follows the same direction as the PC1, with a minority approaching the NE-SW and N-S directions ( Figure 5.4-d). For the class between 500 and 1000 m, the distribution frequency reached 100%.
