iv | P age b 3.2. Justification for Torture Defense of Justifiable Acts .................................................... 30 3.3. Impediments on Prosecuting and Sentencing Torture .................................................. 34 3.3.1. Amnesties ................................................................................................................ 34 3.3.2. Pardon ..................................................................................................................... 37 3.3.3. Immunities .............................................................................................................. 38 3.3.4. Statute of Limitation ............................................................................................... 43 CHAPTER FOUR ......................................................................................................................... 45 THE SCOPE OF TORTURE UNDER ETHIOPIAN LAW AND PRACTICE IN LIGHT WITH INTERNATIONAL LAW ............................................................................................................ 45 4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 45 4.2. The Nature of the Act ..................................................................................................... 46 4.3. Intention ......................................................................................................................... 48 4.4. Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 49 4.5. The Status of the Perpetrator .......................................................................................... 52 4.6. The Practice of Prosecuting Torture in Ethiopia ............................................................ 55 4.6.1. The Red-Terror Cases ............................................................................................. 55 4.6.2. The General Attorney Indictments against Former State Officials ........................ 58 CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................... 63 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................... 63 5.1. Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 63 5.2. Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 66 BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................... 67
