iii | P age b
Table of ContentsAbstract ............................................................................................................................................ i Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................................ ii Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ v CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background of the Study .................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Statements of the Problem. 7 1.3. Literature Review ............................................................................................................. 8 1.4. Objectives of the Study .................................................................................................... 9 1.4.1. General Objectives .................................................................................................... 9 1.4.2. Specific Objectives ................................................................................................. 10 1.5. Method of the Study ....................................................................................................... 10 1.6. Scope of the Study. 11 1.7. Limitations of the Study ................................................................................................. 11 1.8. Significance of the Study ............................................................................................... 11 1.9. Structure of the Study ..................................................................................................... 12 CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................... 13
INTERNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LAWS PROHIBITING TORTURE ...... 13 2.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 13 2.2. International and Regional Legal Framework ................................................................ 13 2.2.1. Treaties .................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.2. Customary
Law and Torture as a Norm of Jus Cogens .......................................... 18 2.3. Obligation of State to Criminalize and Prosecute Torture ............................................. 19 2.4. The Crime of Torture and the Legal Framework in Ethiopia ........................................ 22 2.4.1.
Pre 1994 Ethiopian laws and the Proscription of Torture ....................................... 22 2.4.2. Post 1994 Laws ....................................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................... 30 THE ABSOLUTE NATURE OF TORTURE UNDER
ETHIOPIAN LAW AND PRACTICE VIS-À-VIS INTERNATIONAL LAW ......................................................................................... 30 3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 30