L. and Gossypium barbadense
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- Figure 1: Phylogenetic tree of Gossypium species a .
- Table 1 Taxonomy of Gossypium Species a
Section 1 TaxonomyThe genus Gossypium was named by Linneaus in the middle of the 18th century. It is in the Family Malvaceae, Order Malvales and Tribe Gossypieae. (Smith 1995). Gossypium hirsutum L. was named due to its hairiness (hirsute), although it has also been referred to as Gossypium hirsutum ssp. latifolium, Gossypium hirsutum var. punctatum, Gossypium jamaicense, Gossypium mexicanum, Gossypium morrillii, Gossypium punctatum, Gossypium purpurascens, Gossypium religiosum, Gossypium schottii, Gossypium taitense and Gossypium tridens. It is commonly known as upland cotton, American cotton or Mexican cotton. G. barbadense L. was named after its assumed habitat of Barbados. It has been known by alternative scientific names as Gossypium peruvianum, Gossypium vitifolium and Gossypium brasiliense (USDA 2013). It is commonly known as Creole cotton, Egyptian cotton, extra long-staple or ELS cotton, Indian cotton, Sea Island cotton or pima cotton. The common name cotton comes from the Arabic ‘quotn’ and generally refers to species that produce spinnable fibres (lint) on their seed coat (Lee 1984). The oldest known words for cotton are ‘karparsa-i’, in the language Sanskrit, and ‘Karapas’ used in early Bible manuscripts (Smith 1995). The taxonomy of Gossypium and phylogenetic relationship of species within the genus have been clarified recently using DNA sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis (Grover et al. 2016; Wendel & Grover 2015). The genus Gossypium contains around 50 species; some of which have been discovered or resurrected recently and new species are likely to be discovered. One of the species, G nandewarense has been downgraded to subspecies of G. sturtianum after rigorous genetic studies (Wajahatullah et al. 1997). The centre of origin for the genus is most likely Africa where the most diverse group of species exists. Great diversity of wild cotton species is also found in Australia (especially in the Northern Territory (NT) and the north-east of Western Australia (WA)). Figure 1 combines phylogenetic data, genome size and distribution for known Gossypium species. Based on chromosomal similarities, the known Gossypium species are classified into eight diploid and one tetraploid genomic groups (Edwards & Mirza 1979; Endrizzi et al. 1985; Stewart 1995). The diploid groups are designated A, B, C, D, E, F, G and K. The tetraploid group designated as AD because it contains both A and D genomes. Each group represents morphologically similar species that can only rarely form hybrids with species from other genomic groups (Table 1). There are 44 diploid species (2n = 2x = 26) and six allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 52) species known. However, a seventh allotetraploid species has been recently identified (J.F. Wendel, C.E. Grover, J. Jareczek, and J.P. Gallagher, unpublished data, 2014). G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, the two species cultivated in Australia, are in the AD allotetraploid genomic group, subgenus Karpas Rafinesque (Seelanan et al. 1999). Like the other AD genome species, G. hirsutum and G. barbadense contain one genome similar to those of the A-genome diploids, and one similar to those of the D genome diploids (Endrizzi et al. 1985; Wendel 1989; Wendel et al. 1989). 
Figure 1: Phylogenetic tree of Gossypium speciesa. a Modified from (Wendel & Grover 2015) The phylogenetic tree at the bottom represents the eight diploid groups and contains information about the size of the genome in million bases and number of species in each group. The tree at the top represents the polyploid species and their phylogenetic relationships. Table 1 Taxonomy of Gossypium Speciesa
a Modified from (Endrizzi et al. 1985; Percival et al. 1999; Seelanan et al. 1999; Stewart 1995) b Retained in Gossypium genus as (2005). c New species (Stewart et al. 2015) d New species (Grover et al. 2015; Krapovickas & Seijo 2008) Directory: internet internet -> Applications and limitations internet -> Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation Practice Standard internet -> Practice Exercise Created By Stavros Charalambous The Internet internet -> It’s a good Topic internet -> National Preventative Health Strategy – the roadmap for action internet -> Downloading gps gr-3 Surveys Summary of Procedure internet -> 3G300m-how to setup the 3g router Mode? Product line: 3g question categories: Function configurations Note internet -> Installation Work has never been simpler or easier internet -> All applications must be submitted by 12/01/2015 to be eligible Download 0.64 Mb. Share with your friends:
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