Universally worthy [mill, universally desired – happiness Is there anything we desire that has universal worth No → all ends are contingent ends, contingent on personal desires. And desires are inclinations – stemming from our physiology (arise from our animal side. What is pure (free) of animalistic inclinations → logic. Logic gives us freewill releases us from the grip of our desires. Because it is the only thing free of inclinations, it is the only thing of true value to humans. Logic makes us truly autonomous. our humanity is the supreme limiting condition of every human being’s freedom of action The principle that the presence of others (and their rationality) limits our freedom of action. We can do whatever we want, except for the fact that we are reasonable/rational beings. My right to do whatever I please ends when it bumps up to another person People have something in them that is universally worthy, and I must respect that
