MSc thesis research proposal Department of Geography McGill University Identifying the Role of Crop Production in Land Cover Change in Brazil since 1990
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REFERENCEBrown C., Jepson W., Price K., 2004. Expansion of Mechanized Agriculture and Land-Cover Change in Southern Rondonia, Brazil. Latin American Geography. 7p. Burfisher M. E. 2004. U.S. Agriculture and the Free Trade Area of the Americas- Overview. Economic Research Service/USDA. AER-827. 25p. CBD-COP8 (Convention on Biological Diversity) 2006. Decisions adopted by the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity at its eighth meeting – Report. Curitaba 2006. [Available online] http://www.biodiv.org/decisions/default.aspx?m=cop-08 Dross J.M, Bickel U., 2003. The Impact of Soybean Cultivation on Brazilian Ecosystems. Three case studies, commissioned by the WWF Forest Conversion Initiative. 33p. Dross J.M. 2004. Managing the Soy Boom: two scenarios of soy production expansion in South America. WWF Report. 65p. EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquesa Agropecuaria) 2004. Degradaçao de Pastagens, Materia Organica do Solo e a Recuperaçao do Potential Produtivo em Sistemas de Baixo “input” Tecnologico na Regiao dos Cerrados. Embrapa Report. 8p. Falbo D.; Queen L.; Blinn C. 2002. Data Analysis using Geographic Information Systems – Natural Resources – University of Minessota.NR.05740. FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Statistics in support of development) 2005. Website http://faostat.fao.org/site/291/default.aspx. Fearnside P. 2001. Soybean cultivation as a threat to the environment in Brazil. Environmental Conservation 28. 16p. Fearnside P. 2001(b). Ecosystems of South America: Status and Threats. National Institute for Research in the Amazon – INPA. Manaus, Brazil 345-359 p. Galindo-Leal C., Gusmao C. 2003. Biodiversity Status, Threats and Outlook. Island Press. Washington. 488 p. Goldenberg J. 2006. The ethanol program in Brazil. Environmental Research Lett. 1014008 (5pp). Graham H. D., Gauthier H., Mendonça de Barros J.R., 1987. Thirty years of agricultural growth in Brazil: Crop performance, regional profile and recent policy review. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol 36, No.1. 34p. Heyck D., Lynn D., 2002. Surviving Globalization in Three Latin American Communities. Broadview Press. 299 p. IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica) 2005. Producao Agricola Municipal 2005. IBGE- Report v.32. 48 p. IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica) 2006. Agricultural Production at municipality-level. Brazil. Available online [http://www.ibge.gov.br] IICA (The Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture) 2003. The importance of Science and Technology for Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean-report. Knapp R. 2003. Brazilian Sugar. Horticultural and Tropical Products Division (202). 6p Lynn D., Heyck D 2002. Surviving Globalization in Three Latin American Communities. Broadview Press – New York. 299p. Margulis S. 2003. Causes of deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon. World Bank working paper 22. Washington D.C. USA. 100 p. Morton D, DeFries R., Shimabukuro Y., Anderson L. O, Arai E., Espirito-Santo F., Freitas R, and Morisette J. 2006. Cropland expansion changes deforestation dynamics in the southern Brazilian Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Nepstad D., Stickler C., Almeida O. 2006. Globalization of the Amazon Soy and Beef Industries: Opportunities for Conservation. Conservation Biology. 9p. Pomareda C., Hartwich F. 2006. Agricultural Innovation in Latin America. Understanding the Private Sector’s Role – IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) 6p. Smith G. 1997. Towards Efficiency in Brazilian Agriculture. The Agricultural Trade and Markets Division of the OECD Observer. No. 207. 7p. Valdes C., 2006. Brazil’s Booming Agriculture Faces Obstacles. Economic Research Service. USDA. Amber Waves Vol. 4. 8p. Velez G. 2002. Local management of biodiversity in Latin America. Growing Diversity Project. 30 p. [available online] http://www.grain.org/gd/en/gd-final-en.pdf USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) 2003. Brazil: Future Agricultural Expansion Potential Underrated. Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division. Foreign Agricultural Service. USDA. 8p. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) 2004. China’s Soybean Imports expects to grow despite short-term disruptions. Outlook Report from the Economic Research Services. OCS-04J01. 14 p. UNICA (Sao Paulo Sugarcane Agro industry Union) 2006. The sugarcane industry. Available from (http://www.unica.com.br/); Internet. Sao Paulo, Brazil. Wang, M. 2006. Perspective: Learning from the Brazilian biofuel experience. Environmental Research Letters. 011002. 2p WCMC 1992. Global Diversity: Status of the Earth’s Living Resources. London: Chapman & Hall. 585 p. WWF 2006. Impacts of changes in key EU Policies on Trade and Production displacements of sugar and soy. Study commissioned IIED. 180 p. Papers and Links FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) 2006. [database available]. Website:http://faostat.fao.org/site/291/default.aspx Leff, B., N. Ramankutty, and J. a Foley, 2004. Geographic distribution of major crops across the world, Global Biogeochemical. Cycles. 18, GB1009. Liangzhi You, Stanley Wood, 2006. An entropy approach to spatial disaggregation of agricultural production. Agricultural Systems 90, 329-347 Biodiversity hotspots website: www.biodiversityhotspots.org The Nature Conservancy: www.nature.org The Brazil Nature www.brazilnature.org EMBRAPA www.embrapa.br IBGE www.ibge.gov.br IBGE-PAM www.sidra.ibge.gov.br FAOSTAT www.faostat.fao.org Agromaps www.fao.org/landwater/agll/agromaps UNICA www.unica.com.br USDA www.usda.gov Minister of Agriculture of Brazil www.agricultura.gov.br ANNEX 1Brazil Predominant crops 1990 - 2005 
Rice Harvested area 1990 – 2005 
Note: the circle in red show decrease areas and circle in blue show increase areas, most of the rice production is moving toward to the north. Beans Harvested area 1990 – 2005 
Note: circle in red (map 8) shows decrease areas in states of Goias and Tocantins Sugarcane harvested area 1990 – 2005 
Note: Sugarcane has an increase cultivated area concentrated in Sao Paulo state. S  oybean harvested area 1990 – 2005
Note: Soybean has a remarkable expansion in the Center West Region (Mato Grosso, Goias and Tocantins). Change in area and change in percent of the total crop area 1990 – 2005 
Note: compared with the total harvested area Soybean has an increased area in the states of Mato Grosso, Goias and Tocantins. Change in area and change in percent of the total crop area 1990 – 2005 
Note: compared with the total harvested area Sugarcane has expanded in the Southern region, especially in Sao Paulo state. 1 IBGE agricultural database SIDRA website http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/ 2 IBGE: Brazilian Institute of Geographic and Statistics website http:// www. Ibge.gov.br/home 3 The information is based on FAOSTAT database available online (http://faostat.fao.org) 4 Generated using FAOSTAT – FOOD and Agriculture Statistics in Support of Development, database (http://faostat.fao.org/) 5 The agreement includes elimination of all no tariff trade barriers, sanitary inspection, and domestic taxes according to WTO rules (USDA Outlook report 2004). 6 UNICA- União da Agroindústria Canavieira de São Paulo (Sao Paulo Sugar Cane Agroindustry Union) is Brazil’s sugar and ethanol industry with the unions and associations of the country’s sugar cane production states. 7 The fifteen countries with highest productivity: Brazil, India, China, Thailand, Pakistan, Mexico, Cuba, Colombia, Australia, USA, Philippines, South Africa, Argentina, Myanmar and Bangladesh (source: http://sugarcanecrops.com) 8 Data source is from Sugar Outlook Report to 2009-10 (2005). 9 Megadiversity: Countries, particularly in tropical forests that possess a greater number or density of species. The 12 megadiversity countries are: Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Zaire, Madagascar, China, India, Malaysia Indonesia and Australia. 10 COP8- Eighth Ordinary Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Curitiba, Brazil 20-31 March 2006. This meeting is to prepare and develop a Strategic Plan for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and operational guidance for the implementation at country level. Website: http://www.biodiv.org/convention/crops.shtml 11 Phytogeography is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species. Conservation International defines it as “Plant communities that are defined by landscape or geographic characteristics. http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/ 12 Conservation International, center for applied biodiversity science: http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/ CI classified the richest and most threatened reservoirs of plant and animal life on Earth. 13 According to EMBRAPA this name is a translation to English of “Cerrado” that means closed, inaccessible wasteland, due to the Cerrado was literally and inaccessible, useless wasteland. 14 This information is based on Biodiversity hotspot (Conservation International, The Nature Conservancy and Brazil Nature) Sites: www.biodiversityhotspots.org; www.nature.org; www.brazilnature.com 15 Global database of agricultural land-use statistics aggregate by sub-national administrative districts – Agro-maps http://www.fao.org/landandwater/agll/agromaps/interactive/index.jsp 16 Food and Agricultural Statistics in Support of Development, database. http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx?alias=faostatclassic 17 The available information of municipality production from Brazil http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/ 18 Is a module include in the FAOSTAT data with detailed agricultural trade data 19 The term map units is refer to a single-part polygon of a digital map Download 350.04 Kb. Share with your friends:
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