National Forests in Florida Final Report


Bald-cypress - Swamp Blackgum / Palmetto / (Bartram's Airplant, Spanish-moss) Forest



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Bald-cypress - Swamp Blackgum / Palmetto / (Bartram's Airplant, Spanish-moss) Forest


Element Identifiers

NVCS association: Taxodium distichum - Nyssa biflora / Sabal palmetto / Tillandsia (bartramii, usneoides) Forest

Database Code: CEGL003850

Formation: Seasonally flooded cold-deciduous forest

Alliance: TAXODIUM DISTICHUM - NYSSA (AQUATICA, BIFLORA, OGECHE) SEASONALLY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.e.22)

Element Concept

Summary: This forest type includes wet forests of Florida that are flooded by river overbank flow, and are dominated by a combination of Taxodium distichum and Nyssa biflora. Sabal palmetto and Acer rubrum are also typically present in the subcanopy, with Itea virginica and a variety of evergreen small trees and shrubs in various woody strata (e.g., Persea palustris, Ilex cassine, Morella cerifera, and Lyonia lucida). Other shrub and herb components vary among stands. The epiphytes Tillandsia bartramii and Tillandsia usneoides are typically present. This community occurs in sloughs and depressions in seasonally flooded Coastal Plain riverine settings.

Environment: This community occurs in sloughs and depressions in seasonally flooded Coastal Plain riverine settings.

Vegetation: Stands are dominated by a combination of Taxodium distichum and Nyssa biflora. Nyssa aquatica is not a significant component. Sabal palmetto and Acer rubrum are also typically present in the subcanopy, with Itea virginica and a variety of evergreen small trees and shrubs in various woody strata (e.g., Persea palustris, Ilex cassine, Morella cerifera, and Lyonia lucida). Woody vines include Ampelopsis arborea, Decumaria barbara, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Smilax bona-nox, Smilax laurifolia, Smilax walteri, Toxicodendron radicans, and Vitis rotundifolia. Other shrub and herb components vary among stands. Some typical herbs include Woodwardia virginica, Osmunda regalis, Woodwardia areolata, Thelypteris kunthii, Osmunda cinnamomea, Boehmeria cylindrica, Saururus cernuus, Pontederia cordata, Phanopyrum gymnocarpon (= Panicum gymnocarpon), Rhynchospora miliacea, Chasmanthium laxum, Peltandra virginica, and Polygonum hydropiperoides. The epiphytes Tillandsia bartramii and Tillandsia usneoides are typically present. (NatureServe Southeast unpubl. data).

Dynamics: See Summary

Similar Associations:

  • Taxodium distichum - Nyssa ogeche Forest (CEGL003841)--with Nyssa ogeche instead of Nyssa biflora, generally less diverse.

Synonymy: No information

Comments: None

Conservation Ranking & Rare Species

GRank: G3G4 (02-05-20):

High-ranked species: No information

Element Distribution

Range: This cypress-gum swamp occurs in peninsular Florida.

States: FL

Crosswalk to State Classifications: Not yet cross-referenced to state classifications

TNC Ecoregions: 55:C, 56:?

USFS Ecoregions: 232Bf:CCC

Federal Lands: USFS (Ocala)

Element Sources

References: NatureServe Ecology - Southeast U.S. unpubl. data

Backswamp/Slough Floodplain Forests


Bald-cypress - Ogeechee Tupelo Forest


Element Identifiers

NVCS association: Taxodium distichum - Nyssa ogeche Forest

Database Code: CEGL003841

Formation: Seasonally flooded cold-deciduous forest

Alliance: TAXODIUM DISTICHUM - NYSSA (AQUATICA, BIFLORA, OGECHE) SEASONALLY FLOODED FOREST ALLIANCE (I.B.2.N.e.22)

Element Concept

Summary: This forest type includes wet forests of the East Gulf Coastal Plain in northern Florida that are flooded by river overbank flow, and are dominated by a combination of Taxodium distichum, Nyssa ogeche, possibly with a minor component of Nyssa biflora. Acer rubrum is also typically present, with Planera aquatica and Cephalanthus occidentalis. Other shrub and herb components vary among stands. This community occurs in sloughs and depressions in seasonally flooded Coastal Plain riverine settings.

Environment: This community occurs in sloughs and depressions in seasonally flooded Coastal Plain riverine settings.

Vegetation: Stands are dominated by a combination of Taxodium distichum, Nyssa ogeche, possibly with a minor component of Nyssa biflora. Nyssa aquatica is not a significant component. Acer rubrum is also typically present, with Planera aquatica and Cephalanthus occidentalis. Other shrub and herb components vary among stands. A stand in the Apalachicola National Forest assigned here contains Crataegus sp., Morus rubra, Toxicodendron radicans, Boehmeria cylindrica, Justicia ovata, Leersia lenticularis, Lygodium japonicum (exotic), Packera glabella (= Senecio glabellus), Triadenum walteri, Hypoxis hirsuta, Pluchea camphorata, and the epiphyte Tillandsia usneoides. A stand in the Osceola National Forest contains Pinus taeda, Cyrilla racemiflora, Itea virginica, and Sebastiania fruticosa. A heavier vine component includes Smilax laurifolia, Smilax rotundifolia, and Smilax walteri. Herbs are few, including Chasmanthium laxum. Sphagnum spp. are also present in this stand (NatureServe Southeast unpubl. data).

Dynamics: See Summary

Similar Associations:

  • Taxodium distichum - Nyssa biflora / Sabal palmetto / Tillandsia (bartramii, usneoides) Forest (CEGL003850)--with Nyssa biflora instead of Nyssa ogeche, generally more diverse.

Synonymy: No information

Comments: None

Conservation Ranking & Rare Species

GRank: G3G4 (02-05-20):

High-ranked species: No information

Element Distribution

Range: This cypress-gum swamp occurs in Florida, and could range into adjacent Georgia.

States: FL GA?

Crosswalk to State Classifications: Not yet cross-referenced to state classifications

TNC Ecoregions: 53:C, 56:C

USFS Ecoregions: 232Br:CPP, 232Ca:CCC, 232Cb:CCP, 232Cc:CCP, 232Cd:CCC, 232Cf:CCP, 232Dc:CCC

Federal Lands: NPS (Okefenokee Swamp?); USFS (Apalachicola, Osceola)

Element Sources

References: NatureServe Ecology - Southeast U.S. unpubl. data

Backswamp/Slough Floodplain Forests




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