Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons Updated July 15, 2021 Congressional Research Service

Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons

Congressional Research Service
6 allies and partners to address how to ensure the credibility and effectiveness of the US. extended deterrent. No changes in US. extended deterrence capabilities will be made without close consultations with our allies and partners.”
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Discussions about the presence of US. nonstrategic nuclear weapons at bases in Europe and their role in NATO’s strategy also increased in 2009 and 2010 during the drafting of NATO’s strategic concept Officials in some NATO nations called for the removal of US. nonstrategic weapons from bases on the continent, noting that they had no military significance for NATO’s security. Others called for the retention of these weapons, arguing that they played apolitical role in NATO, with shared rights and responsibilities, and that they helped balance Russia’s deployment of greater numbers of nonstrategic nuclear weapons. When it was published, the 2010 Strategic Concept did not call for the removal of US. nonstrategic nuclear weapons. It stated that deterrence, based on an appropriate mix of nuclear and conventional capabilities, remains a core element of our overall strategy It also indicated that the circumstances in which any use of nuclear weapons might have to be contemplated are extremely remote but indicated that as long as nuclear weapons exist, NATO will remain a nuclear alliance It then concluded that NATO would maintain an appropriate mix of nuclear and conventional forces NATO nations continue to share responsibility for basing and delivery of the weapons and would weigh in on decisions about their possible use. NATO recognized that the Strategic Concept would not be the last word on the role or presence of nonstrategic nuclear weapons in NATO. In the declaration released at the conclusion of the November 2010 Lisbon Summit, the allies agreed that they would continue to review NATO’s overall posture in deterring and defending against the full range of threats to the Alliance. They commissioned a comprehensive Deterrence and Defense Posture Review (DDPR) that would examine the range of capabilities required for defense and deterrence, including nuclear weapons, missile defense, and other means of strategic deterrence and defense The DDPR was presented at the May 2012 NATO summit in Chicago. It did not, however, recommend any changes in
NATO’s nuclear posture. Instead, it noted that nuclear weapons area core component of
NATO’s overall capabilities for deterrence and defence and that the Alliance’s nuclear force posture currently meets the criteria for an effective deterrence and defence posture NATO reaffirmed this conclusion after its summit in Wales in September 2014, noting that deterrence, based on an appropriate mix of nuclear, conventional, and missile defence capabilities, remains a core element of our overall strategy.”
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NATO addressed this issue again during its summit in Warsaw in July 2016 and did not alter this conclusion about the value of nuclear weapons to the alliance. Moreover, although the alliance did not call for the deployment of additional nuclear weapons in Europe, the communique
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Department of Defense, Nuclear Posture Review, Washington, DC, April 6, 2010, pp. 26 -27, https://dod.defense.gov/Portals/1/features/defenseReviews/NPR/2010_Nuclear_Posture_Review_Report.pdf .
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NATO released this document in November 2010.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, Active Engagement, Modern Defence, Strategic Concept For the Defence and Security of The Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Lisbon, Portugal, November 29,
2010, pp. 4-5, http://www.nato.int/lisbon2010/strategic-concept-2010-eng.pdf.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, Lisbon Summit Declaration, Lisbon, Portugal, November 20, 2010, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_68828.htm.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, Deterrence and Defense Posture Review, Press Release, Chicago, IL, May 20, 2012, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_87597.htm?mode=pressrelease.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Wales Summit Declaration, September 5, 2014, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/
natohq/official_texts_112964.htm?selectedLocale=en.

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