Nuclear Propulsion Neg
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EMP Shell (2/2)US economy is key to global economy News Ratings 6 (Staff, 6/23/6, http://www.newratings.com/analyst_news/article_1304298.html) JPG Analysts at Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein say that the US economic slowdown is likely to have a significant impact on the global economy. In a research note published this morning, the analysts mention that exports continue to be the key growth driver in major economies, such as Japan and the Eurozone. Any deceleration in the US economy would impact exports and adversely affect domestic demand, the analysts say. Moreover, the reversal of interest rate expectations, triggered by a US slowdown, is likely to weaken the US dollar, maybe very substantially, Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein adds. A slowdown in demand from the US, combined with a weaker dollar, has historically exerted pressure on global economic growth, the analysts point out. Economic collapse causes nuclear war- extinction Broward 9 ((Member of Triond) http://newsflavor.com/opinions/will-an-economic-collapse-kill-you/ AD: 7-7-09 )ET Now its time to look at the consequences of a failing world economy. With five offical nations having nuclear weapons, and four more likely to have them there could be major consequences of another world war. The first thing that will happen after an economic collapse will be war over resources. The United States currency will become useless and will have no way of securing reserves. The United States has little to no capacity to produce oil, it is totatlly dependent on foreign oil. If the United States stopped getting foreign oil, the government would go to no ends to secure more, if there were a war with any other major power over oil, like Russia or China, these wars would most likely involve nuclear weapons. Once one nation launches a nuclear weapon, there would of course be retaliation, and with five or more countries with nuclear weapons there would most likely be a world nuclear war. The risk is so high that acting to save the economy is the most important issue facing us in the 21st century. EMP LinkOrion creates massive EMPs – guts solvency Nichols 3 (Matthew E., physics and astronomy prof @ Western Kentucky U, www.wku.edu/~matthew.nichols/Orion%20rev%20PCW.doc) JPG When a nuclear explosion occurs, several types of radiation are released including gamma rays and neutrons. These two forms of radiation are highly penetrating and are capable of ionizing and destroying both electrical systems and human tissue. Semiconductor materials such as integrated circuits or microprocessors are especially susceptible to these forms of radiation as the lattice structure of these devices will be damaged and will fail over time. In principle, the only way to reduce or eliminate such radiation is to increase the distance between the target and the source or place dense materials between them as a form of radiation shielding. With the design of the Orion the distance cannot be reduced as the spacecraft is considered a rigid body that requires proximity to the source to maximize the impulse, and thus materials must be selected to best shield a human crew and semiconductor electronics between the blast and the craft. However, a nuclear detonation will ionize matter that is not initially consumed in the reaction. These resultant free electrons can produce an extraordinarily fluctuating magnetic field known as an electromagnetic pulse (EMP).[3] This, in turn, produces an intense electric field that can induce massive amounts of voltage within electrical conductors and can destroy any electrical circuit in its wake. Disabling communications, navigation or life support in space would certainly present severe complications to any mission. This effect is greatly amplified on Earth: the presence of Earth’s magnetic field seizes these free electrons and accelerates them along the magnetic field lines while Earth’s atmosphere presents more matter to be ionized and thus creates more free electrons. In deep space, however, the EMP from nuclear pulse propulsion would primarily be propagated by the material within the craft itself as there will be no atmospheric material present, nor will there be a large, external magnetic field. Orion creates EMPs Nichols 3 (Matthew E., physics and astronomy prof @ Western Kentucky U, www.wku.edu/~matthew.nichols/Orion%20rev%20PCW.doc) JPG In the late 1950’s, General Atomics began work on a manned external pulsed plasma propulsion spacecraft named Project Orion. The particular method of propulsion investigated incorporated the detonation of nuclear weapons to produce external thrust and drive the rocket, and several experiments during Cold War weapons testing proved that the project was mechanically feasible. However, electromagnetic pulses are produced during nuclear blasts and can damage computers and communications devices regardless of shielding. By utilizing MCNP and Comsol Multiphysics computer models to study the ionizing and electromagnetic effects on such a spacecraft, it was calculated that a 1.4 Mt nuclear charge at a distance of 10 m would induce a surface potential of approximately 0.7 V across the surface of the spacecraft in deep space. By selecting certain neutron-reflective materials for spacecraft construction, the effects of shielding on internal electrical systems were modeled. Furthermore, the effects of Earth’s magnetic field while initially launching the spacecraft were investigated. Project Orion lets off destructive EMP and X-rays which destroys satellites Montgomerie 3 (Ian, professional alternate historian, Dec 31, [www.alternatehistory.com/gateway/essays/OrionProblems.html#Environmental] AD: 7-6-11, jam) Orion's side-effects would not be limited to fallout, they would also include EMP and X-rays. EMP, or Electro-Magnetic Pulse, is essentially a powerful charge differential that will destroy nearby electronics (unless they are specially shielded). It is produced by explosions at ground level and in the stratosphere. While Orion's small fission bombs would not produce large amounts of EMP, they would produce some of it especially while passing through the stratosphere. X-rays are even more destructive. They are absorbed effectively in the atmosphere, but travel long distances in space. The nuclear explosions in space created by an Orion spacecraft would release large amounts of X-rays. The effect of those X-rays would be to cause severe damage, even destruction, to the electronics of anything else in space within a significant distance of the spacecraft (up to thousands of miles or more). When Orion was originally proposed, there was very little in space. Within a decade, however, satellites were already beginning to appear. Many of those satellites would be destroyed by operating an Orion in Earth orbit. If an Orion was launched today, it would cause tens of billions of dollars in damage to commercial and military satellites from many countries. Directory: files files -> Answer True False 2 points Question 2 files -> Integer programming and game theory files -> 4 Integer Programming files -> Bpa vehicle Window Repair Scenario #1 task: Procure vehicle window relacement. 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