- For measurements of energy-flux densities in selected spectral bands, solid-state sensors (photoelectric cells, photo-emissive elements, photo-resistors) are increasingly used as they produce larger outputs as thermopile instruments with respective filters. The. different adaptations of these types of instruments are of special interest in plant canopy research. (Suppliers: B 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 26) 2.4 Precipitation 2.4.1 General comments The amount of precipitation, rain, snow, ice and dew which reaches the ground in a stated period is expressed as the depth to which it would cover a horizontal surface if there were no loss by evaporation, runoff or infiltration, or if any part of the precipitation falling as snow or ice were melted (liquid equivalent. As precipitation measurements should as much as posible, be
Share with your friends: |