Chapter 11 Variants of high speed machining
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| Chapter | 11 285 programming the CNC machine. The US standard Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES)”, which has been used for more than 20 years, is far wider than the current CAD data exchange standards. Although IGES has been introduced mainly in order to exchange pure geometric data between CAD systems, the product data exchange standard (STEP) is designed for data processing on a greater variety of products that include the complete life cycle of a product. STEP forms the basis of the new STEP-compliant NC standard, and the mentioned standard is being developed for the purpose of filling the absence of the G code Recently, self-aware machine tools have been increasingly used in the manufacturing sector. Machine tools can detect their situation and situations in their environment. These machine tools can also make decisions about machine operation processes. This machining is called intelligent machining (IM). IM means within the framework of digital manufacturing and design paradigm. Previously, the processes machined on machine tools were monitored and controlled by people. In this new generation manufacturing method, smart sensors and actuators perform the tasks of people. Intelligent machines are trying to maximize operational efficiency by using sensors and data in their manufacturing processes. As a result, thanks to the use of intelligent machines, significant improvements can be made in high efficiency, high quality, and manufacturing processes. With better communication of machines with environmental situations, smarter decisions can be made production can be achieved in a shorter time and interoperability can beat the highest level. It is a process of controlling the working status of a tool on an essential subject in the IM method [5] . This process is defined as the tool tracking system. Because of this system, the usability of the processing system is increased, the cost of downtime is reduced, and the operating reliability is increased. Tool condition monitoring systems require systematic diagnostic and prognostic methods. The diagnostic involves estimating the inability of the team to work, and prognostications include assessing the remaining useful life of the tool. Tool failure is a complicated phenomenon that occurs in diverse and various ways [6] . These areas follows (1) wear—breaking of the cutting edge due to material loss from the tool material (2) brittle fracture—crack formation on the cutting part of a tool and then the loss of parts from small tool material and (3) fracture the loss of a large part of the instrument terminating the tool’s cutting ability. Working conditions of metal cutting tools using various process parameters (tool temperature, static and dynamic forces, etc) must be monitored because a critical quantity of heat is released in the course of the metal cutting process. Today, with the spread of high speed processing, work at high speeds has increased. This caused a further increase in the temperature during cutting. As a result, high temperatures around the cutting edges depend on the cutting tool’s wear rate, the wear mechanism, and the friction force between the cutting tool and the surface [7] |