National open university of nigeria school of arts and social sciences



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ENG223 Discourse Analysis

5.0
Summary

In this Unit, we examined text and textuality. We looked at the concepts text and
“textuality” and how one relates to the other. We saw that textuality is what makes a text to be qualified to be describes as one and it is signaled by the use of items within the text. We looked particularly at cohesion and coherence and how these two essential qualities determines textuality.
6.0 Tutor-marked Assignment

(i) Explain the terms Cohesion and Coherence ii) Use the text in the first page of Elechi Amadi’s The Concubine to explain the concepts of cohesion and coherence.
7.0 Reference/Further Reading

Halliday, M.A.K. and Hasan, R. (1976) Cohesion in English. London Longman. de Beaugrande, Rand Dressler, W. (1981) Introduction to Text Linguistics. London
Longman


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Unit 2: Grammatical Cohesion
Contents
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Unit Objectives
3.0 Main Content
3.1 What is grammatical Cohesion
3.2 Reference
3.2.1. Personal Reference
3.2.2. Demonstrative Reference
3.2.3. Comparative Reference
3.3 Substitution
3.4 Ellipsis
3.5 Identification
Self-assessment Exercises
4.0 Conjunction
4.0.1. Additive Conjunction
4.0.2. Adversative Conjunction
4.0-3. Temporal Conjunction
5.0. Tutor-marked Assignment
6.0. Conclusion
7.0. Summary
8.0. References/Further Reading
1.0 Introduction

This Unit is a followup to the previous unit, which was its introduction. In this Unit, we shall be looking at in greater details at cohesion at the grammatical level and how it is signaled in texts. We shall examine the devices used for grammatical cohesion, such as Reference, Ellipsis, Substitution, Identification, and Conjunction.
2.0 Unit Objectives
At the end of this Unit, you should be able to do the following
• define each of the grammatical cohesive devices to be treated
• analyze a text and bring out the elements that signal grammatical cohesion


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• differentiate between substitution, ellipsis and identification as grammatical cohesive devices

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