Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 539.pdf; 2009\J Haz Mat162, 539-1.pdf; 2008\J Haz Mat-Ho1.pdf

Keywords: Adsorption, Comment on, Cu(II), Iron, Kinetics, Kinetics of Adsorption, Waste

Notes: highly cited

? Febrianto, J., Kosasih, A.N., Sunarso, J., Ju, Y.H., Indraswati, N. and Ismadji, S. (2009), Equilibrium and kinetic studies in adsorption of heavy metals using biosorbent: A summary of recent studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 616-645.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 616.pdf

Abstract: Distinctive adsorption equilibria and kinetic models are of extensive use in explaining the biosorption of heavy metals, denoting the need to highlight and summarize their essential issues, which is the main purpose of this paper. As a general trend, up until now, most studies on the biosorption of heavy metal ions by miscellaneous biosorbent types have been directed toward the uptake of single metal in preference to multicomponent systems. In particular, Langmuir and Freundlich models are the most common isotherms for correlating biosorption experimental data though other isotherms, which were initially established for gas phase applications, can also be extended onto biosorption system. In kinetic modeling, the pseudo-first and -second order equations are considered as the most celebrated models.

Keywords: Adsorption, Algae Cladophora-Fascicularis, Aqueous-Solutions, Biosorbent, Biosorption, Coconut Copra Meal, Data, Dried Activated-Sludge, Electroplating Waste-Water, Equilibria, Equilibrium, Experimental, Freundlich, Gas Phase, General, Golden Shower Biomass, Heavy Metal, Heavy Metal Ions, Heavy Metals, Ions, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetic Modeling, Kinetic Models, Kinetic Studies, Langmuir, Low-Cost Adsorbents, Mar, Metal, Metal Ions, Metals, Modeling, Models, Preference, Pretreated Aspergillus-Niger, Pseudo-First and, Purpose, Rights, Saccharomyces-Cerevisiae, Second Order, Summary, Systems, Tea Factory Waste, Trend, Uptake

? Aravindhan, R., Rao, J.R. and Nair, B.U. (2009), Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from marine macro-algal biomass. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 688-694.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 688.pdf

Abstract: Activated carbons prepared from two macro-algal biomass Sargassum longifolium (SL) and Hypnea valentiae (HV) have been examined for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. The activated carbon has been prepared by zinc chloride activation. Experiments have been carried out at different activating agent/precursor ratio and carbonization temperature, which had significant effect on the pore structure of carbon. Developed activated carbon has been characterized by BET surface area (S-BET) analysis and iodine number. The carbons, ZSLC-800 and ZHVC-800, showed surface area around 802 and 783 m² g^-1, respectively. The activated carbon developed showed substantial capability to adsorb phenol from aqueous solutions. The kinetic data were fitted to the models of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models. Column studies have also been carried out with ZSLC-800 activated carbon. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Activated Carbons, Activation, Adsorption, Agricultural By-Products, Analysis, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous Solutions, Bet, Bet Surface Area, Biomass, Biosorption, Carbon, Carbonization, Characterization, Chemical Activation, Chloride, Chromium, Column, Data, Diffusion, Heavy-Metals, Intraparticle, Intraparticle Diffusion, Iodine, Kinetic, Kinetics, Macro-Alga, Mar, Models, Phenol, Phenol Adsorption, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pyrolysis, Recovery, Removal, Rights, Sargassum, Solution, Solutions, Sorption, Structure, Surface, Surface Area, Temperature, Zinc, Zinc Chloride

? Cao, F.M., Bai, P.L., Li, H.C., Ma, Y.L., Deng, X.P. and Zhao, C.S. (2009), Preparation of polyethersulfone-organophilic montmorillonite hybrid particles for the removal of bisphenol A. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 791-798.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 791.pdf

Abstract: Polyethersulfone (PES)-organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) hybrid particles, with various proportions of OMMT, were prepared by using a liquid-liquid phase separation technique, and then were used for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from aqueous solution. The adsorbed BPA amounts increased significantly when the OMMT were embedded into the particles. The structure of the particle was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and these particles hardly release small molecules below 250C which was testified by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The experimental data of BPA adsorption were adequately fitted with Langmuir equations. Three simplified kinetics model including the pseudo-first-order (Lagergren equation), the psedo-second-order, and the intraparticle diffusion model were used to describe the adsorption process. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorbed BPA amount reached an equilibrium value after 300 min, and the experimental data could be expressed by the intraparticular mass transfer diffusion model. Furthermore, the adsorbed BPA could be effectively removed by ethanol, which indicated that the hybrid particles could be reused. These results showed that the PES-OMMT hybrid particles have the potential to be used in the environmental application. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption, Adsorption Process, Analysis, Application, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous-Solutions, Bentonite, Bisphenol A, Bisphenol-A, Clay, Data, Degradation, Diffusion, Diffusion Model, Electron Microscopy, Endocrine Disruptors, Environmental, Equilibrium, Ethanol, Experimental, Hybrid, Hybrid Particles, Intraparticle, Intraparticle Diffusion, Intraparticle Diffusion Model, Kinetic, Kinetic Studies, Kinetics, Kinetics Model, Lagergren, Lagergren Equation, Langmuir, Mar, Mass, Mass Transfer, Microscopy, Microspheres, Model, Montmorillonite, Organophilic Montmorillonite, Particles, Phase Separation, Polyethersulfone, Potential, Process, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Release, Removal, Rights, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Selective Removal, SEM, Separation, Small, Solution, Sorption, Structure, TGA, Value, Water, Isotherms, Surface

? Sari, A., Mendil, D., Tuzen, M. and Soylak, M. (2009), Biosorption of palladium(II) from aqueous solution by moss (Racomitrium lanuginosum) biomass: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 874-879.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 874.pdf

Abstract: The biosorption potential of Racomitrium lanuginosum as aquatic moss biosorbent for the removal of Pd(II) from aqueous solution was investigated. The effects of pH, biomass dosage, contact time, and temperature on the biosorption processes were systematically studied. Experimental data were modeled by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. Langmuir isotherm model (R^-2 = 0.994) fitted the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich isotherm model (R^-2 = 0.935). The monolayer biosorption capacity of R. lanuginosum biomass for Pd(II) was found to be 37.2 mg/g at pH 5. The mean free energy was calculated as 9.2 kJ/mol using the D-R isotherm model (R^-2 = 0.996). This result indicated that the biosorption of Pd(II) was taken place by chemical ion-exchange. The calculated thermodynamic parameters, G°, H°, and S° showed that the biosorption of Pd(II) on R. lanuginosum biomass was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic under examined conditions. Experimental data were also tested using the biosorption kinetic models. The results showed that the biosorption processes of Pd(II) on R. lanuginosum followed well pseudo-second-order kinetics at 20-50C (R^-2 = 0.999). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Aas Determination, Adsorption, Aquatic Moss, Aqueous Solution, Biomass, Biosorbent, Biosorption, Biosorption Kinetic, Capacity, Chemical, Contact, D-R Isotherm, Data, Derivatives, Effects, Energy, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Freundlich, Freundlich Isotherm, Freundlich Isotherm Model, Heavy-Metals, Ion Exchange, Ion-Exchange, Ionexchange, Ions, Isotherm, Isotherm Model, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherm, Langmuir Isotherm Model, Mar, Model, Models, Monolayer, Moss, Palladium(II), Pd(II), pH, Platinum-Group Elements, Potential, Preconcentration, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo Second Order Kinetics, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetics, Racomitrium Lanuginosum, Recovery, Removal, Rights, Solution, Sorption, Spontaneous, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Thermodynamic Studies

? Viswanathan, N. and Meenakshi, S. (2009), Role of metal ion incorporation in ion exchange resin on the selectivity of fluoride. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 920-930.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 920.pdf

Abstract: Indion FR 10 resin has sulphonic acid functional group (H⁺ form) possesses appreciable defluoridation capacity (DC) and its DC has been enhanced by chemical modification into Na⁺ and Al³⁺ forms by loading respective metal ions in H⁺ form of resin. The DCs of Na⁺ and Al³⁺ forms were found to be 445 and 478 mg F^-/kg, respectively, whereas the DC of H⁺ form is 265 mg F^-/kg at 10 mg/L initial fluoride concentration. The nature and morphology of sorbents are characterized using FTIR and SEM analysis. The fluoride sorption was explained using the Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherms and kinetic models. The calculated thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG degrees, ΔH degrees, ΔS degrees, and sticking probability (S-center dot) explains the nature of sorption. Comparison was also made by the elution capacity of these resins in order to select a cost effective material. A field trial was carried out to test the suitability of the resins with fluoride water collected from a nearby fluoride-endemic area. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption, Aqueous-Solution, Biomass, Complexation, Defluoridation, Defluoridation, Dialysis, Equilibrium, Indion Fr 10, Modification, Phosphate Ions, Removal, Sorption, Water

? Hameed, B.H. (2009), Evaluation of papaya seeds as a novel non-conventional low-cost adsorbent for removal of Methylene blue. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 939-944.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 939.pdf

Abstract: The feasibility of using papaya seeds (PS), abundantly available waste in Malaysia, for the cationic dye (methylene blue) adsorption has been investigated. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to study the effects of contact time, initial concentration (50-360 mg/L), pH (3-10) and adsorbent dose (0.05-1.00 g) on the removal of methylene blue (MB) at temperature of 30C. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir, the Freundlich and the Temkin isotherms. The data fitted well with the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 555.557 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order kinetics was the best for the adsorption of MB by PS with good correlation. The results demonstrated that the PS is very effective to remove methylene blue from aqueous solutions. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorbent Dose, Adsorption, Adsorption Behavior, Adsorption Capacity, Agricultural Waste, Aqueous Solutions, Aqueous-Solution, Basic Dye, Batch Adsorption, Capacity, Cationic Dye, Cationic Dyes, Concentration, Contact, Correlation, Data, Dye, Effects, Equilibrium, Evaluation, Feasibility, Fixed-Bed, Freundlich, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetics, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Model, Low Cost, Low Cost Adsorbent, Low-Cost Adsorbent, Malaysia, Mar, Mb, Methylene Blue, Model, Papaya Seeds, Peanut Hull, pH, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo Second Order Kinetics, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetics, Removal, Rights, Solutions, Temperature, Waste, Wheat Bran

? Rzepa, G., Bajda, T. and Ratajczak, T. (2009), Utilization of bog iron ores as sorbents of heavy metals. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1007-1013.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1007.pdf

Abstract: Sorption properties of bog iron ores with respect to Pb, Cu, Zn, Or are evaluated at various pH. Maximum sorption determined in the experiments equals to 97.0, 25.2, 25.5, 55.0 mg/g for Lead(II), copper(II), zinc(II), and Chromium(III), respectively. Chromium(VI) is bound in the amount of up to 10.0 mg/g. The values of desorption indicate that most of the metals remain stably bound to the surface of bog iron ores, indicating that the chemisorption process prevails. The metals are sorbed as cations at the pH values from 4 to 9. Within this pH range up to 100% of the initial metal amount is immobilized. 90-100% of Cr(VI) is sorbed at pH between 3 and 5. Such properties, combined with favorable conditions of shallow mining and resultant low costs, may be regarded as an incentive for local utilization of bog iron ores in the environmental protection practice. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Aqueous-Solution, Bog Iron Ores, Copper(II), Fly-Ash, Heavy Metals, Mineralogy, Oxide-Coated Sand, pH, Red Muds, Removal, Retention, Sorption, Sorption Properties

? Yusof, A.M. and Malek, N.A.N.N. (2009), Removal of Cr(VI) and As(V) from aqueous solutions by HDTMA-modified zeolite Y. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1019-1024.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1019.pdf

Abstract: The synthesized zeolite NaY from rice husk ash (RHA) and the commercial zeolite NaY both modified with surfactants in amounts equal to 50%, 100% and 200% of their external cation exchange capacity (ECEC) were used to remove chromate and arsenate anions from aqueous solutions. While the unmodified zeolite Y had little or no affinity for the Cr(VI) and As(V) anionic species, the surfactant-modi fled zeolite Y (SMZY) showed significant ability to remove of these anions from the aqueous solutions. The highest chromates and arsenates adsorption efficiency was observed from solutions of pH values 3 and 8, respectively because of the dominance of the univalent species of both anions. The adsorption equilibrium data were best fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model with the highest removal capacities observed for the SMZY initially prepared considering the hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium (HDTMA) amount equal to the 100% of the ECEC of zeolite Y. Synthesized SMZY remove Cr(VI) and As(V) more than the corresponding commercial one due to its lower silica to alumina ratio. Thus, the HDTMA-covered modified zeolite Y synthesized using RHA can be used to remove Cr(VI) and As(V) from water. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Cr(VI), As(V), Zeolite NaY, Adsorption, Surfactant-Modified Zeolite, Modified Clinoptilolite, Sorption, Chromate, Water, Chromium

? Şengil, İ.A., Özacar, M. and Türkmenler, H. (2009), Kinetic and isotherm studies of Cu(II) biosorption onto valonia tannin resin. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1046-1052.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1046.pdf

Abstract: The biosorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by valonia tannin resin was investigated as a function of particle size, initial pH, contact time and initial metal ion concentration. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanisms that govern copper removal and find a suitable equilibrium isotherm and kinetic model for the copper removal in a batch reactor. The experimental isotherm data were analysed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equations. The equilibrium data fit well in the Langmuir isotherm. The experimental data were analysed using four sorption kinetic models - the pseudo-first-and second-order equations, the Elovich and the intraparticle diffusion model equation - to determine the best fit equation for the biosorption of copper ions onto valonia tannin resin. Results show that the pseudo-second-order equation provides the best correlation for the biosorption process, whereas the Elovich equation also fits the experimental data well. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption Mechanism, Aqueous Solutions, Aqueous-Solutions, Batch, Batch Reactor, Biosorption, Biosorption Kinetics, Calcined Alunite, Concentration, Contact, Copper, Copper Ions, Copper Removal, Correlation, Cu(II), Cu(II) Biosorption, Data, Diffusion, Diffusion Model, Elovich, Elovich Equation, Equilibrium, Equilibrium Isotherm, Experimental, Freundlich, Function, Gel, Intraparticle, Intraparticle Diffusion, Intraparticle Diffusion Model, Ions, Isotherm, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetic Models, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherm, Mar, Mechanisms, Metal, Metal Ion, Metal-Complex Dyes, Model, Models, Natural Condensed Tannin, Particle Size, pH, Pine Sawdust, Process, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Equation, Reactive Dyes, Removal, Resin, Rights, Second Order, Second-Order, Size, Solutions, Sorption, Tannin, Valonia Tannin Resin

? Wang, Y.J., Chen, J.H., Cui, Y.X., Wang, S.Q. and Zhou, D.M. (2009), Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids on Cu(II) adsorption onto hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1135-1140.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1135.pdf

Abstract: Adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) onto a nanosized hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the absence and presence of different low-molecular-weight organic acids are studied in batch experiments. The results show that the adsorption kinetics of Cu(II) onto the HAP are best described by pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption isotherms Of Cu(II) onto the HAP fit Dubinin-Radushkevich model very well with high correlation coefficient (R^-2 = 0.97-0.99). The amount adsorbed of Cu(II) onto the HAP at pH 5.5 was much higher than that at pH 4.5. The presence of organic acids significantly decreased the adsorption quantity of Cu(II), clarifying the lower sorption affinities of Cu(II)-organic acid complexes onto the HAP rather than Cu(II) ion. The decreased maximal adsorption quantity of Cu(II) onto the HAP increased with the increasing logarithm of cumulative formation constants of Cu(II) and organic acids. The stronger coordination of organic acid with Cu(II), the more decreased Cu(II) adsorption quantity onto the HAP (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherms, Adsorption Kinetics, Batch, Batch Experiments, Cadmium, Coordination, Correlation, Correlation Coefficient, Cu(II), Cu(II) Ion, Cumulative, Experiments, Formation Constants, Heavy-Metal, Hydroxyapatite, Hydroxyaptite, Immobilization, Ions, Isotherms, Kinetics, Mar, Mechanisms, Model, Nanoparticles, Nanosized, Organic, Organic Acid, pH, Plants, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Model, Removal, Rhizosphere, Rights, Soil, Sorption

? Borah, D., Satokawa, S., Kato, S. and Kojima, T. (2009), Sorption of As(V) from aqueous solution using acid modified carbon black. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1269-1277.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1269.pdf

Abstract: The sorption performance of a modified carbon black was explored with respect to arsenic removal following batch equilibrium technique. Modification was accomplished by refluxing the commercial carbon black with an acid mixture comprising HNO₃ and H₂SO₄. Modification resulted in the substantial changes to the inherent properties like surface chemistry and morphology of the commercial carbon black to explore its potential as sorbent. The suspension pH as well as the point of zero charge (pH(pzc)) of the material was found to be highly acidic. The material showed excellent sorption performance for the removal of arsenic from a synthetic aqueous solution. It removed similar to 93% arsenic from a 50 mg/L solution at equilibration time. The modified carbon black is capable of removing arsenic in a relatively broad pH range of 3-6, invariably in the acidic region. Both pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetics were applied to search for the best fitted kinetic model to the sorption results. The sorption process is best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic. It has also been found that intra-particle diffusion is the rate-controlling step for the initial phases of the reaction. Modelling of the equilibrium data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms revealed that the correlation coefficient is more satisfactory with the Langmuir model although Freundlich model predicted a good sorption process. The sorption performance has been found to be strongly dependent on the solution pH with a maximum display at pH of 5.0. The temperature has a positive effect on sorption increasing the extent of removal with temperature up to the optimum temperature. The sorption process has been found to be spontaneous and endothermic in nature, and proceeds with the increase in randomness at the solid-solution interface. The spent sorbent was desorbed with various acidic and basic extracting solutions with KOH demonstrating the best result (similar to 85% desorption). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Acid Modification, Acidic, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Aqueous Solution, Arsenic, Arsenic Removal, Arsenic Sorption, As(V), Batch, Black, Carbon, Carbon Black, Changes, Charge, Chemistry, Contaminated Water, Correlation, Correlation Coefficient, Data, Desorption, Diffusion, Drinking-Water, Effluent, Endothermic, Equilibration, Equilibrium, Freundlich, Freundlich Model, Groundwater, H₂SO₄, Hno3, Interface, Intra-Particle Diffusion, Intraparticle, Intraparticle Diffusion, Iron, Isotherms, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetics, KOH, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherms, Langmuir Model, Mar, Mixture, Model, Modelling, Modification, Modified, Modified Carbon, Morphology, Oxide, Performance, pH, Point of Zero Charge, Potential, Process, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo Second Order Kinetic, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Randomness, Removal, Rights, Second Order, Second Order Kinetics, Second-Order, Second-Order Kinetics, Solution, Solutions, Sorbent, Sorption, Sorption Kinetics, Sorption Modelling, Sorption Performance, Sorption Process, Spontaneous, Surface, Surface Chemistry, Suspension, Temperature

? Eren, E. (2009), Removal of basic dye by modified Unye bentonite, Turkey. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (2-3), 1355-1363.

Full Text: 2009\J Haz Mat162, 1355.pdf

Abstract: The adsorption behavior of crystal violet (CV⁺) from aqueous solution onto raw (RB) and manganese oxide-modified (MMB) bentonite samples was investigated as a function of parameters such as initial CV⁺ concentration, contact time and temperature. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities of RB and MMB were estimated as 0.32 and 1.12 mmol/g, respectively. The mean adsorption energy derived from D-R isotherm for MMB showed that the type of adsorption of dye molecules on this material may be defined as chemical adsorption. The adsorption rate was fast and more than half of the adsorbed-CV⁺ was removed in the first 55 min for RB and 5 min for MMB at the room temperature. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic and the intraparticle diffusion models were used to describe the kinetic data and rate constants were evaluated. The thermodynamic parameters such as Delta H, Delta S and Delta G were found 117.41 kJ/mol, 41.50J/(mol K), -5.07 kJ/mol (RB) and 21.19 kJ/mol 98.34 J/(mol K), -7.84 kJ/mol (MMB) at 295.15 K, respectively. The quite high adsorption capacity and high adsorption rate of MMB will provide an important advantage for using of this material in basic dye solution. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Adsorption Behavior, Adsorption Capacities, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Rate, Aqueous Solution, Aqueous-Solution, Basic Dye, Behavior, Bentonite, Capacity, Cationic Dye, Chemical, Clay, Component Systems, Concentration, Contact, Crystal Violet, D-R Isotherm, Data, Diffusion, Disperse Dyes, Dye, Dye Adsorption, Energy, Equilibrium, Equilibrium Isotherms, First, Fly-Ash, Freundlich, Function, Intraparticle, Intraparticle Diffusion, Isotherm, Isotherms, Kinetic, Langmuir, Manganese, Mar, Methylene-Blue, Models, Modified, Modified Diatomite, Monolayer, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo Second Order Kinetic, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Rate Constants, Removal, Rights, Room Temperature, Solution, Surface Charge, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Turkey, X-Ray Diffraction

? Dulman, V. and Cucu-Man, S.M. (2009), Sorption of some textile dyes by beech wood sawdust. Journal of Hazardous Materials,