Personal Research Database

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat179, 1014.pdf

Abstract: Different metal doped TiO₂ adsorbents were prepared through the precipitation and hydrolysis-precipitation methods. The novel Ce-Ti oxide adsorbent obtained by the hydrolysis-precipitation had much higher sorption capacity for As(V) than both the pure titanium dioxide and cerium oxide adsorbents, and the preparation conditions including the Ti/Ce molar ratio and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) content were optimized. Environmental scanning electronic microscopy (ESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic investigations revealed that the amorphous Ce-Ti hybrid adsorbent was composed of some nanoparticles in the size range of 100-200 nm, which aggregated to form the porous hybrid adsorbents, and the amorphous compositions and the small nanoparticles were related to the high sorption capacity for As(V). Batch sorption experiments including sorption kinetics, isotherm, effect of pH and competitive ions were investigated. The Ce-Ti adsorbent exhibited high sorption capacity for As(V) at pH below 7. Column studies showed that about 72,085 bed volumes of As(V) solution at the concentration of 50 mu g L^-1 and pH 6.5 were filtered when As(V) concentration in the effluent increased to 10 mu g L^-1, and the average sorption capacity of As(V) on the Ce-Ti adsorbent was about 9.4 mg g^-1. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Alumina, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Aqueous-Solutions, Arsenic(V), As(V), As(V), Ce-Ti Adsorbent, Granular Ferric Hydroxide, Groundwater, Hydrolysis, Isotherm, Kinetics, Modified Fungal Biomass, Nanocrystalline Titanium-Dioxide, Sorption, Sorption Capacity, Sorption Kinetics, TiO₂

? Yang, J., Yang, J.Y., Zhou, Y., Wei, F., Lin, W.G. and Zhu, J.H. (2010), Hierarchical functionalized MCM-22 zeolite for trapping tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179 (1-3), 1031-1036.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat179, 1031.pdf

Abstract: To enable zeolite to trap bulky environment pollutants such as tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), we tailored the porous structure of MCM-22 zeolite by desilication to obtain a sample with mesopores centered 3.5 nm, in order to promote the mass transport. The meso-MCM-22 was further functionalized with -SO3H group to enhance the efficiency in adsorption of TSNAs. The composites were characterized by XRD and BET methods, and their adsorptive function was assessed in both liquid adsorption of N’-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and the adsorption of TSNAs in aqueous tobacco-extract solution. Grafting -SO3H group on alkaline-treated MCM-22 significantly elevated the adsorption toward nitrosamines, and the resulting composite could reduce above 70% of NNN in dichloromethane solution or 54% of TSNAs in tobacco-extract solution. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption, Alkylation, Carcinogens, Degradation, Desilication, Environment, Grafting, MCM-22 Zeolite, Mesoporous Silica, MFI Zeolite, Sulfonic Acid Group Functionalization, Thiol, Tobacco Specific Nitrosamines, Volatile Nitrosamines, XRD, Zeolite, ZSM-5

? Bu, L., Wang, K., Zhao, Q.L., Wei, L.L., Zhang, J. and Yang, J.C. (2010), Characterization of dissolved organic matter during landfill leachate treatment by sequencing batch reactor, aeration corrosive cell-Fenton, and granular activated carbon in series. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179 (1-3), 1096-1105.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat179, 1096.pdf

Abstract: Landfill leachate is generally characterized as a complex recalcitrant wastewater containing high concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM). A combination of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) + aeration corrosive cell-Fenton (ACF) + granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption in series was proposed for the purpose of removing pollutants in the leachate. Fractionation was also performed to investigate the composition changes and characteristics of the leachate DOM in each treatment process. Experimental results showed that organic matter, in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 5-day biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), was reduced by 97.2%, 99.1%, and 98.7%, respectively. To differentiate the DOM portions. leachates were separated into five fractions by XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins: hydrophobic acid (HPO-A), hydrophobic neutral (HPO-N), transphilic acid (TPI-A), transphilic neutral (TPI-N), and hydrophilic fraction (HPI). The predominant fraction in the raw leachate was HPO-A (36% of DOC), while the dominant fraction in the final effluent was HPI (53% of DOC). Accordingly, macromolecules were degraded to simpler ones in a relatively narrow range below 1000 Da. Spectral and chromatographic analyses also showed that most humic-like substances in all fractions were effectively removed during the treatments and led to a simultaneous decrease in aromaticity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: ACF, Acid, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Aquatic Humic Substances, Batch, Characterization, Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD, Complex, Degradation, Dissolved Organic Matter, DOC, DOM, Fluorescence Excitation, Fractionation, Fractionation, Gac, Hydrophilic Fraction, Landfill Leachate, SBR, Shallow Eutrophic Lake, Spectroscopy, Transformation, Treatment, Waste-Water Treatment, Wastewater

? Ho, Y.S. (2010), Comments on using of “initial adsorption rate” [J. Hazard. Mater. 173]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179 (1-3), 1165.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat179, 1165.pdf; 2010\J Haz Mat-Ho1.pdf; 2010\J Haz Mat-Ho2.pdf

Keywords: Adsorption, Aqueous-Solution, Peat, Sorption, Tree Fern

? Miretzky, P. and Cirelli, A.F. (2010), Cr(VI) and Cr(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and modified lignocellulosic materials: A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 1-19.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 1.pdf

Abstract: In aqueous systems, chromium usually exists in both trivalent and hexavalent oxidation states, being Cr(VI) of particular importance and concern due to its great toxicity. Industrial sources of Cr(VI) are leather tanning, mining of chrome ore, production of steel and alloys, etc. The most common conventional method for Cr(VI) removal is reduction to Cr(III) at pH 2.0 and precipitation of Cr (OH)3 with lime at pH 9-10. The disadvantage of precipitation is the disposal of the solid waste. Adsorption of Cr by different low cost materials seems to be a suitable choice for wastewater treatment. Many by-products of agriculture have proved to be suitable low cost adsorbents for Cr(VI) and Cr(III) removal from water. Lignocellulosic residues, which include both wood residues and agricultural residues, have adsorption capacity comparable to other natural sorbents, but they have the advantage of very low or no cost, great availability and simple operational process. This study is a review of the recent literature on the use of natural and modified lignocellulosic residues for Cr adsorption. The Cr maximum adsorption capacity and the adsorption mechanism under different experimental conditions are reported when possibly. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Capacity, Adsorption Mechanism, Agave-Lechuguilla Biomass, Agricultural by-Products, Chromium, Chromium Removal, Cr(III) Adsorption, Cr(VI), Cr(VI) Adsorption, Heavy-Metal Adsorption, Hexavalent Chromium, Industrial Wastewaters, Isotherms, Kinetics, Lignocellulosic Wastes, Literature, Low Cost Adsorbents, Low-Cost Adsorbents, Oxidation, pH, Production, Removal, Sorption Isotherms, Spectroscopic Techniques, Thermodynamics, Toxicity, Treated Sawdust, Treatment, Waste-Water, Wastewater, Wastewater Treatment, Water

? Yang, L.Q., Li, Y.F., Wang, L.Y., Zhang, Y., Ma, X.J. and Ye, Z.F. (2010), Preparation and adsorption performance of a novel bipolar PS-EDTA resin in aqueous phase. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 98-105.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 98.pdf

Abstract: A novel chelating resin containing many amino and carboxyl functional groups, PS-EDTA resin, was prepared from chloromethylated polystyrene bead by reacting with ethylenediamine and chloroacetate in aqueous phase in sequence. The structure of PS-EDTA resin was characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, surface area analysis and thermogravimetry. Adsorption behavior of the resin for Ag(I) ions in aqueous solutions was investigated by batch experiments. The results indicated that the adsorption removal of PS-EDTA resin for Ag(I) could achieve more than 99.9% at pH values of 5.0 with an initial Ag(I) concentration of 60.0 mg/L within 2 h. The maximum removal capacity of PS-EDTA toward Ag(I) was found to be almost 3314.97 mg/g at 25°C. In addition, adsorption kinetic data were described by pseudo-second-order equation and the equilibrium data fitted very well with the Freundlich model. It was found that the PS-EDTA resin had excellent adsorption properties for Ag(I), so it should be a promising composite adsorbent with application in the recovery of Ag(I) ions from aqueous environment. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorption, Amine, Chelating Groups, Chelating Resin, Cross-Linking, Equilibrium, Heavy Metal Removal, Heavy-Metal Ions, Hydrogel Beads, Kinetic, Membranes, Selective Removal, Silver Adsorption, Sorption, Sulfonic-Acid, Synthesis, Water

? Yang, H. and Feng, Q.Y. (2010), Characterization of pore-expanded amino-functionalized mesoporous silicas directly synthesized with dimethyldecylamine and its application for decolorization of sulphonated azo dyes. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 106-114.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 106.pdf

Abstract: With dimethyldecylamine (DMDA) as the expander, a new kind of pore-expanded amino-functionalized mesoporous silicas (PEAFMS) was directly synthesized under mild alkali condition. The characteristics of PEAFMS sample demonstrated that the presence of DMDA markedly augmented the average pore diameter (19.04 nm) and strongly enhanced its decolorization ability. Subsequently, acid mordant dark yellow GG (YGG) and reactive red violet X-2R (RVX) were chosen to assess its adsorption capacity for sulphonated azo dyes. The effect of initial pH was investigated and the decolorization mechanism was illuminated. Three isotherms were conducted and the goodness of fit increased as the following order: Freundlich < Langmuir < Redlich-Peterson. The maximum adsorption capacities of YGG and RVX onto PEAFMS were 1.967 and 0.957 mmol/g, respectively. Adsorption kinetic processes were better predicted by the pseudo-second-order rate equation than the pseudo-first-order one. Adsorption thermodynamic results suggested that the adsorption behavior of both dyes onto PEAFMS was spontaneous with the chemical nature. In addition, the regeneration of PEAFMS was proved to be feasible using NaOH as the strippant. After five cycles, PEAFMS still possessed a favorable adsorption capacity for dyes. It is safely concluded that PEAFMS could be a potential adsorbent for the dye removal from wastewater. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Aqueous-Solutions, Catalytic-Properties, Decolorization, Direct Synthesis, Dye, Expanded Pore, Isotherms, Kinetic, Langmuir, Mesoporous Silicas, Methylene-Blue, Organic-Dye, Reactive Dyes, Selective Adsorbents, Size Expansion, Sorption, Sulphonated Azo Dye

? Thakre, D., Rayalu, S., Kawade, R., Meshram, S., Subrt, J. and Labhsetwar, N. (2010), Magnesium incorporated bentonite clay for defluoridation of drinking water. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 122-130.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 122.pdf

Abstract: Low cost bentonite clay was chemically modified using magnesium chloride in order to enhance its fluoride removal capacity. The magnesium incorporated bentonite (MB) was characterized by using XRD and SEM techniques. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study and optimize various operational parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, effect of co-ions and initial fluoride concentration. It was observed that the MB works effectively over wide range of pH and showed a maximum fluoride removal capacity of 2.26 mg g(-1) at an initial fluoride concentration of 5 mg L-1, which is much better than the unmodified bentonite. The experimental data fitted well into Langmuir adsorption isotherm and follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Thermodynamic study suggests that fluoride adsorption on MB is reasonably spontaneous and an endothermic process. MB showed significantly high fluoride removal in synthetic water as compared to field water. Desorption study of MB suggest that almost all the loaded fluoride was desorbed (similar to 97%) using 1 M NaOH solution however maximum fluoride removal decreases from 95.47 to 73 (%) after regeneration. From the experimental results, it may be inferred that chemical modification enhances the fluoride removal efficiency of bentonite and it works as an effective adsorbent for defluoridation of water. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Alumina, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherm, Aqueous-Solution, Bentonite, Clay, Contact Time, Defluoridation, Desorption, Drinking Water, Equilibrium, Fluoride, Fluoride Removal, Fluoride Removal, Fluoride Removal Efficiency, Isotherm, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm, Minerals, Montmorillonite, Oxide, pH, Regeneration, Removal, SEM, Thermodynamic, Waste-Water, Water, XRD

? Chou, W.L., Wang, C.T., Chang, W.C. and Chang, S.Y. (2010), Adsorption treatment of oxide chemical mechanical polishing wastewater from a semiconductor manufacturing plant by electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 217-224.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 217.pdf

Abstract: In this study, metal hydroxides generated during electrocoagulation (EC) were used to remove the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of oxide chemical mechanical polishing (oxide-CMP) wastewater from a semiconductor manufacturing plant by EC. Adsorption studies were conducted in a batch system for various current densities and temperatures. The COD concentration in the oxide-CMP wastewater was effectively removed and decreased by more than 90%, resulting in a final wastewater COD concentration that was below the Taiwan discharge standard (100 mg L^-1). Since the processed wastewater quality exceeded the direct discharge standard, the effluent could be considered for reuse. The adsorption kinetic studies showed that the EC process was best described using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model at the various current densities and temperatures. The experimental data were also tested against different adsorption isotherm models to describe the EC process. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm model predictions matched satisfactorily with the experimental observations. Thermodynamic parameters, including the Gibbs free energy. enthalpy. and entropy, indicated that the COD adsorption of oxide-CMP wastewater on metal hydroxides was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in the temperature range of 288-318 K. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Isotherm, Adsorption Isotherms, Adsorption Kinetics, Aluminum, Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP), Electrocoagulation, Electrodes, Isotherm, Kinetic, Lead, Part I, Removal, Technology, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamics, Wastewater Treatment

? Pakarinen, J., Koivula, R., Laatikainen, M., Laatikainen, K., Paatero, E. and Harjula, R. (2010), Nanoporous manganese oxides as environmental protective materials-Effect of Ca and Mg on metals sorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 234-240.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 234.pdf

Abstract: The selectivity of nanoporous manganese oxides for some alkali and transition metals over calcium and magnesium was studied. Two tunnel-structured oxides (OMS-1 and OMS-2) were synthesized by means of a hydrothermal route. Competitive uptake of metals and acid was studied using batch kinetic measurements at different metal ion concentrations. The experimental data were correlated with a dynamic model. The results show that the studied OMS materials selectively adsorb Cu, Ni and Cd in the presence of Ca and Mg. It was also found that the exchange rates were reasonably high due to the small particle dimensions. Both materials are stable in the studied conditions and their maximum Cu uptake capacity was 0.9-1.3 mmol/g. The results indicate that both materials have potential for environmental applications involving the uptake of harmful metal ions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Acid, Adsorption, Batch, Behavior, Bentonite, Diffusion, Heavy-Metals, Ion Exchange, Ion-Exchange, Kinetic, Manganese Oxide, Metal Ions, Molecular Sieve, Octahedral Molecular-Sieves, OMS, Oxidation, Removal, Sorption, Todorokite

? Mockovčiaková, A., Orolínová, Z. and Škvarla, J. (2010), Enhancement of the bentonite sorption properties. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 274-281.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 274.pdf

Abstract: The almost monomineral fraction of bentonite rock-montmorillonite was modified by magnetic particles to enhance its sorption properties. The method of clay modification consists in the precipitation of magnetic nanoparticles, often used in preparing of ferrofluids, on the surface of clay. The influence of the synthesis temperature (20 and 85 degrees C) and the weight ratio of bentonite/iron oxides (1:1 and 5:1) on the composite materials properties were investigated. The obtained materials were characterized by the X-ray diffraction method and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Changes in the surface and pore properties of the magnetic composites were studied by the low nitrogen adsorption method and the electrokinetic measurements. The natural bentonite and magnetic composites were used in sorption experiments. The sorption of toxic metals (zinc, cadmium and nickel) from the model solutions was well described by the linearized Langmuir and Freundlich sorption model. The results show that the magnetic bentonite is better sorbent than the unmodified bentonite if the initial concentration of studied metals is very low. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Aqueous-Solutions, Cadmium, Clay, Electrokinetic, Freundlich, Heavy-Metals, Ions, Langmuir, Low Concentration, Maghemite, Magnetic Composite, Montmorillonite, Montmorillonite, Nanoparticles, Nickel, Oxides, Pore, Removal, Sorbent, Sorption, Structural, Surface and Pore Properties, Synthesis, Systems, Weight, X-Ray Diffraction, Zinc

? Tao, Y.F., Qiu, Y., Fang, S.Y., Liu, Z.Y., Wang, Y. and Zhu, J.H. (2010), Trapping the lead ion in multi-components aqueous solution by natural clinoptilolite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 282-288.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 282.pdf

Abstract: To study whether natural clinoptilolite could selectively capture Pb2+ ion in the aqueous solution containing salt and glycine as well as nitrosamines, the natural zeolite was utilized in the complex solution with pH value of 1.2 in comparison with other porous materials such as zeolite NaZSM-5 and activated carbon. Clinoptilolite exhibited the highest capability in adsorbing Pb2+ ion in the solution at 37 degrees C. achieving the capacity of 7 mg/g, two times more than that by other zeolites and six times over that by activated carbon, and the adsorption equilibrium could be achieved within 2 h. The impacts of solid-liquid ratio, initial concentration of Pb2+ and the competition of other metal ions or volatile nitrosamines on the adsorption were examined, and the change in Gibbs energy for the ion-exchanged of Pb2+ ion by clinoptilolite was discussed, through which the ion-exchange process was proven to be spontaneous. Moreover, both the selectivity of clinoptilolite toward Pb2+ ion in complex solution and the venial toxicity of clinoptilolite on the viability of RAW264.7 cells were investigated in this article. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Adsorption, Coal Fly-Ash, Complex, Environmental Lead, Equilibrium, Heavy-Metals, Humic-Acid, Ion Exchange, Lead, Lead Ion, Metal Ions, Modified Zeolite, Multi-Components Aqueous Solution, Natural Clinoptilolite, Nitrosamines, Nitrosamines, pH, Removal, Sewage-Sludge, Toxicity, Zeolite

? Bartacek, J., Fermoso, F.G., Catena, A.B. and Lens, P.N.L. (2010), Effect of sorption kinetics on nickel toxicity in methanogenic granular sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 289-296.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 289.pdf

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of nickel speciation and its equilibrium kinetics on the nickel toxicity to methylotrophic methanogenic activity. Toxicity tests were done with anaerobic granular sludge in three different media containing variable concentrations of complexing ligands. A correlation between nickel toxicity and the free nickel concentration failed, because not the equilibrium conditions, but the kinetics of the speciation processes taking place in the medium (precipitation, sorption, liquid speciation, etc.) determine nickel bio-uptake and its toxic effect. The latter was confirmed with an F-test (p-value always lower than 0.1). It was shown that the biological activity (methane production) took place within 3-20 days upon the start of methanogenic experiments, i.e. prior the chemical-physical equilibrium of nickel speciation was established in the methanogenic medium (10-20 days). The process of nickel sorption in the methanogenic granular sludge was limited by intra-particle diffusion and the experimental data fitted to the Weber-Morris sorption model. The other sorption kinetic models applied (pseudo-first order sorption kinetics, pseudo-second order sorption kinetics and first order reversible reaction kinetics) did not fit the experimental data satisfactorily. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Anaerobic Granular Sludge, Bioavailability, Bioreactors, Biosorption, Biotic Ligand, Cobalt, Deprivation, Diffusion, Donnan Membrane Technique, Equilibrium, Fractionation, Free-Ion Activity, Intra-Particle Diffusion, Kinetic, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Metal Speciation, Nickel Toxicity

? Jiménez-Reyes, M. and Solache-Ríos, M. (2010), Sorption behavior of fluoride ions from aqueous solutions by hydroxyapatite. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 297-302.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 297.pdf

Abstract: The effects of pH, contact time, fluoride-ion concentration, and the dose of sorbent on the sorption of fluoride ions by hydroxyapatite were studied. Equilibrium was reached in 16 h of contact time and the maximum sorption of fluoride ions was in the pH(eq) range between 5 and 7.3. The highest efficiency in the sorption system was determined by using 0.01 g of hydroxyapatite and 25 mL of solution. The pseudo-second order model described the kinetic sorption processes, and the Freundlich model, the sorption isotherm process. These results indicated that the mechanism was chemisorption on a heterogeneous material. Fluoride ions were partially desorbed using an alkaline solution. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Adsorption, Cadmium, Drinking-Water, Equilibrium, Fluoride, Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds, Hydroxyapatite, Isotherm, Kinetic, Kinetics, Magnesium, Nickel, Removal, Sorption, Synthetic Hydroxyapatite, Systems

? Machado, M.D., Soares, E.V. and Soares, H.M.V.M. (2010), Removal of heavy metals using a brewer’s yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Chemical speciation as a tool in the prediction and improving of treatment efficiency of real electroplating effluents. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 180 (1-3), 347-353.

Full Text: 2010\J Haz Mat180, 347.pdf

Abstract: In the present work, the influence of the competitive effect of inorganic ligands (carbonates, chlorides, fluorides, phosphates, nitrates and sulphates), which can be present in real multi-metal electroplating effluents, on the biosorption of chromium, copper, nickel and zinc ions by yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was rationally examined. Additionally, chemical speciation studies allowed optimizing the amount of yeast biomass to be used in the treatment of effluents contaminated with nickel. The applicability of chemical simulation studies was tested using two simulated effluents and validated using one real electroplating effluent, all containing high concentrations of nickel (about 303 mu mol l(-1)). For nickel removal, heat-killed biomass of a brewing flocculent strain of S. cerevisiae was used, in a batch mode. After the implementation of the bioremediation process (12 g dry weight l(-1) of yeast cells), the concentration of nickel in the real effluent (34 mu mol l(-1)) reached the quality criteria for industrial effluents discharge, after the second or third batch according to the U.S.-Environmental Protection Agency and Portuguese law, respectively. This corresponded to a removal of nickel of 89%. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Accumulation, Advantages, Batch, Batch Mode, Biomass, Bioremediation, Biosorption, Biosorption, Cadmium, Chemical Speciation, Chromium, Copper, Heavy Metals, Industrial Effluents, Ions, Metals Bioavailability, Morpholinic Ring, Nickel, pH Buffers, Removal, Treatment, Waste-Water, Weight, Zinc

? Kosasih, A.N., Febrianto, J., Sunarso, J., Ju, Y.H., Indraswati, N. and Ismadji, S. (2010), Sequestering of Cu(II) from aqueous solution using cassava peel (Manihot esculenta). Journal of Hazardous Materials,